枚举类的应用

一，自定义枚举

        枚举类中声明的每一个枚举值代表枚举类的一个实例对象
与Java中的普通类一样，在声明枚举类时，也可以声明属性、方法和构造函数
但是枚举类的构造函数必须为私有的，我们一起来练习一下：

        

package cn.cxy.exec;
/*本类用于自定义枚举类*/
public class SeasonTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(Season.SPRING.getSEASON_NAME());//春季
        System.out.println(Season.SUMMER.getSEASON_DESC());//夏日炎炎
        System.out.println(Season.AUTUMN);
        //Season{SEASON_NAME='秋季', SEASON_DESC='秋高气爽'}
    }
}
//1.自定义枚举类
class Season{
    //2.定义本类的私有属性,为了防止值被修改，需要设置为final
    private final String SEASON_NAME;//季节名
    private final String SEASON_DESC;//季节描述

    //3.私有化本类的构造方法--防止外界随意创建本类对象
    private Season(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
        this.SEASON_NAME = seasonName;//在构造中给本类的属性赋值
        this.SEASON_DESC = seasonDesc;
    }

    //4.提供当前枚举类的多个对象
    public final static Season SPRING = new Season("春季","春暖花开");
    public final static Season SUMMER = new Season("夏季","夏日炎炎");
    public final static Season AUTUMN = new Season("秋季","秋高气爽");
    public final static Season WINTER = new Season("冬季","冬雪凛凛");

    //5.生成对应的get的方法，获取本类的两个属性值
    public String getSEASON_NAME() {
        return SEASON_NAME;
    }
    public String getSEASON_DESC() {
        return SEASON_DESC;
    }
    //6.生成toString方法方便查看

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "SEASON_NAME='" + SEASON_NAME + '\'' +
                ", SEASON_DESC='" + SEASON_DESC + '\'' + '}';
    }
}

二，使用关键字enum定义枚举类

        

package cn.cxy.exec;

/*本类用于使用enum关键字定义枚举类*/
public class ColorTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //6.进行测试
        System.out.println(Color.RED);//RED
        System.out.println(Color.ORANGE.getCOLOR_NAME());//橙色
        System.out.println(Color.ORANGE.getCOLOR_NUMBER());//2
    }
}

//1.使用enum关键字定义枚举类
enum Color {
    //2.写出本类对应的多个枚举对象
    /*1.public static final可以省略不写
    * 2.枚举对象不能像自定义枚举类对象时new,要按照下面的语法：
    * 枚举名1(值1，值2)，枚举名2(值1，值2)，枚举名3(值1，值2);
    * 3.不需要生成toString,因为使用enum关键字定义的枚举类继承了java.lang.Enum
    * 在Enum中重写了继承自Object的toString(),直接打印的就是枚举名*/
    RED("红色",1),
    ORANGE("橙色",2),
    YELLOW("黄色",3),
    GREEN("绿色",4),
    CYAN("青色",5),
    BLUE("蓝色",6),
    PURPLE("紫色",7);

    //3.定义枚举类的多个私有属性
    private final String COLOR_NAME;
    private final int COLOR_NUMBER;

    //4.定义本类的构造方法
    private Color(String colorName, int colorNumber) {
        this.COLOR_NAME = colorName;
        this.COLOR_NUMBER = colorNumber;
    }

    //5.生成属性对应的两个get()
    public String getCOLOR_NAME() {
        return COLOR_NAME;
    }
    public int getCOLOR_NUMBER() {
        return COLOR_NUMBER;
    }
}