枚举类的基本应用

一、枚举类的说明

1.枚举类的理解:类的对象只有一个,并且是确定的.称此类为枚举类
2.当需要定义一组常量的时候,建议使用枚举类
3.如果枚举类中只有一个对象,则可以作为单例模式的实现方式

二、如何自己定义枚举类?步骤:

public class EnumTest1{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Season spring =Season.SPRING;
        System.out.println(spring);

    }
}
//自定义枚举类
class Season{
    //1.声明Season对象的属性
    private final String SeasonName;
    private final String SeasonDesc;
    //2.私有化类的构造器
    private Season(String SeasonName,String SeasonDesc){
        this.SeasonName = SeasonName;
        this.SeasonDesc = SeasonDesc;
    }
    //3.提供当前枚举类的多个对象:public static final
    public static final Season SPRING = new Season("春天","春暖花开");
    public static final Season SUMMER = new Season("夏天","夏日炎炎");
    public static final Season AUTUMN = new Season("秋天","秋高气爽");
    public static final Season WINTER = new Season("冬天","蜜雪冰城");
    public String getSeasonName() {
        return SeasonName;
    }
    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return SeasonDesc;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "SeasonName='" + SeasonName + '\'' +
                ", SeasonDesc='" + SeasonDesc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

三、JDK5.0以后enum定义枚举类:

package com.enumMeiJu.Day1;
/*
    定义的枚举类默认继承与java.lang.Enum
 */
/*
    Enum类中常用方法
    values()方法:返回枚举类型的对象数组.该方法可以很方便的遍历所有枚举值
    valueOf(String str):可以把一个字符串转为对应的枚举类对象,要求字符串必须是枚举类对象
    toString():返回当前枚举类对象常量的名称
 */
public class EnumTest2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Season1 s = Season1.AUTUMN;
        System.out.println(s);
        /alues()
        Season1[] s1 = Season1.values();
        for(int i=0;i<s1.length;i++){
            System.out.println(s1[i]);
        }
        //ValueOf(String ObjName):返回枚举类中对象名是objName的对象
        Season1 s2 = Season1.valueOf("WINTER");
        System.out.println(s2);
    }
}
//使用enum关键字枚举类
enum Season1{
    //1.提供当前枚举类的对象,多个对象之间用","隔开
      SPRING("春天","春暖花开"),
      SUMMER("夏天","夏日炎炎"),
      AUTUMN("秋天","秋高气爽"),
      WINTER("冬天","蜜雪冰城");
    //2.声明Season对象的属性
    private final String SeasonName;
    private final String SeasonDesc;
    //3.私有化类的构造器
    private Season1(String SeasonName,String SeasonDesc){
        this.SeasonName = SeasonName;
        this.SeasonDesc = SeasonDesc;
    }

    public String getSeasonName() {
        return SeasonName;
    }
    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return SeasonDesc;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "SeasonName='" + SeasonName + '\'' +
                ", SeasonDesc='" + SeasonDesc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

Season{SeasonName=‘秋天’, SeasonDesc=‘秋高气爽’}
Season{SeasonName=‘春天’, SeasonDesc=‘春暖花开’}
Season{SeasonName=‘夏天’, SeasonDesc=‘夏日炎炎’}
Season{SeasonName=‘秋天’, SeasonDesc=‘秋高气爽’}
Season{SeasonName=‘冬天’, SeasonDesc=‘蜜雪冰城’}
Season{SeasonName=‘冬天’, SeasonDesc=‘蜜雪冰城’}

四、使用枚举类之后,枚举类常用的方法(继承java.lang.Enum类)

**Enum类中常用方法
values()方法:返回枚举类型的对象数组.该方法可以很方便的遍历所有枚举值
valueOf(String str):可以把一个字符串转为对应的枚举类对象,要求字符串必须是枚举类对象
toString():返回当前枚举类对象常量的名称**

五、使用enum定义枚举类之后,如何让枚举类对象分别实现接口

public class EnumTest2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Season1 s = Season1.AUTUMN;
        System.out.println(s);
        //values()
        Season1[] s1 = Season1.values();
        for(int i=0;i<s1.length;i++){
            System.out.println(s1[i]);
            s1[i].show();
        }
        //ValueOf(String ObjName):返回枚举类中对象名是objName的对象
        Season1 s2 = Season1.valueOf("WINTER");
        System.out.println(s2);
    }
}
interface  info{
    void show();
}
//使用enum关键字枚举类
enum Season1 implements info{
    //1.提供当前枚举类的对象,多个对象之间用","隔开
      SPRING("春天","春暖花开"){
        @Override
        public void show() {
            System.out.println("春天在哪里");
        }
    },
      SUMMER("夏天","夏日炎炎"){
          @Override
          public void show() {
              System.out.println("夏天在哪里");
          }
      },
      AUTUMN("秋天","秋高气爽"){
          @Override
          public void show() {
              System.out.println("秋天在哪里");
          }
      },
      WINTER("冬天","蜜雪冰城"){
          @Override
          public void show() {
              System.out.println("冬天在哪里");
          }
      };
    //2.声明Season对象的属性
    private final String SeasonName;
    private final String SeasonDesc;
    //3.私有化类的构造器
    private Season1(String SeasonName,String SeasonDesc){
        this.SeasonName = SeasonName;
        this.SeasonDesc = SeasonDesc;
    }
    public String getSeasonName() {
        return SeasonName;
    }
    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return SeasonDesc;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "SeasonName='" + SeasonName + '\'' +
                ", SeasonDesc='" + SeasonDesc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

– 从bilibili尚硅谷中学习