微信支付生成二维码

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已于 2023-08-04 08:16:44 修改

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分类专栏：支付文章标签： spring boot java

于 2023-07-04 15:02:08 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_56921846/article/details/131535199

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一、准备开发所需的账号以及配置信息前往https://mp.weixin.qq.com/ （微信公众平台）注册一个应用，类型只能是：公众号/小程序/企业微信，订阅号不支持微信支付接口，注册完成需要完成”微信认证“
前往：https://pay.weixin.qq.com（微信支付商户平台）注册一个商户，支付成功后的钱就会在这个账号里面
上面两个平台注册完成之后就需要把配置信息拿到了：1、APPID：应用id也就是公众号/小程序的ID 2、key：应用密钥。mch_Id：商户ID （收钱的商家ID）
然后就进入我们的开发过程，在Maven中创建一个Spring Boot项目，添加所需的依赖（例如zxing等二维码生成库）。

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
    <artifactId>core</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.0</version>
</dependency>

在resources/static目录下创建index.html页面，添加生成二维码的表单，让用户输入订单金额等信息，并提交生成二维码：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>微信支付</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="" method="post" id="form">
        <label for="totalFee">订单金额：</label>
        <input type="number" id="totalFee" name="totalFee" min="0.01" step="0.01" required>
        <button type="submit">生成二维码</button>
    </form>
    <div id="qrcode"></div>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        var form = document.getElementById("form");
        form.addEventListener("submit", function(e) {
            e.preventDefault();
            var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
            xhr.open("get", "generateQRCode?totalFee=" + document.getElementById("totalFee").value);
            xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
                if (xhr.readyState == 4) {
                    if (xhr.status == 200) {
                        var response = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
                        document.getElementById("qrcode").innerHTML = "<img src=\"" + response.qrcodeUrl + "\" alt=\"\">";
                    } else {
                        alert("生成二维码失败");
                    }
                }
            };
            xhr.send();
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>

创建PaymentController类，处理用户提交的表单，生成二维码图片，并将付款链接和二维码图片发送到页面：

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeWriter;

@RestController
public class PaymentController {
    private static final String APP_ID = "xxxx"; // 公众账号ID
    private static final String MCH_ID = "xxxx"; // 商户号
    private static final String NOTIFY_URL = "http://xxxx.com/notify"; // 异步通知地址
    private static final String KEY = "xxxx"; // 商户支付密钥
    private static final String UNIFIEDORDER_URL = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/unifiedorder"; // 统一下单接口地址

    @GetMapping("/")
    public String index() {
        return "index";
    }

    @GetMapping("/generateQRCode")
    public Map<String, String> generateQRCode(@RequestParam("totalFee") String totalFee) throws Exception {
        String outTradeNo = "order" + System.currentTimeMillis(); // 商户订单号，可根据实际情况生成
        String nonceStr = getRandomString();
        String body = "购买商品";
        String spbillCreateIp = "127.0.0.1"; // 客户端IP，可自行修改
        String tradeType = "NATIVE";
        String productId = "product" + System.currentTimeMillis(); // 商品ID，可根据实际情况生成
        String attach = "附加数据";
        String sign = getSign(APP_ID, MCH_ID, nonceStr, body, attach, outTradeNo, totalFee, spbillCreateIp, NOTIFY_URL, tradeType,
                productId, KEY);
        String xml = getXml(APP_ID, MCH_ID, nonceStr, body, attach, outTradeNo, totalFee, spbillCreateIp, NOTIFY_URL,
                tradeType, productId, sign);
        String responseXml = doPost(UNIFIEDORDER_URL, xml);
        String prepayId = getPrepayId(responseXml);
        if (prepayId == null) { // 如果预支付交易会话标识prepay_id为空，则失败
            Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
            map.put("qrcodeUrl", "");
            map.put("codeUrl", "");
            return map;
        }
        String codeUrl = getCodeUrl(prepayId);
        String qrcodeUrl = generateQRCode(codeUrl); // 生成二维码图片，并返回图片的URL

        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("qrcodeUrl", qrcodeUrl);
        map.put("codeUrl", codeUrl);
        return map;
    }

    private String getSign(String appId, String mchId, String nonceStr, String body, String attach, String outTradeNo,
            String totalFee, String spbillCreateIp, String notifyUrl, String tradeType, String productId, String key) {
        Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
        params.put("appid", appId);
        params.put("mch_id", mchId);
        params.put("nonce_str", nonceStr);
        params.put("body", body);
        params.put("attach", attach);
        params.put("out_trade_no", outTradeNo);
        params.put("total_fee", totalFee);
        params.put("spbill_create_ip", spbillCreateIp);
        params.put("notify_url", notifyUrl);
        params.put("trade_type", tradeType);
        params.put("product_id", productId);
        String sign = getSign(params, key);
        return sign;
    }

    private String getSign(Map<String, String> params, String key) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (String k : params.keySet()) {
            if ("sign".equals(k)) {
                continue;
            }
            String v = params.get(k);
            if (v != null && v.length() > 0) {
                sb.append(k).append("=").append(v).append("&");
            }
        }
        sb.append("key=").append(key);
        String sign = md5(sb.toString()).toUpperCase();
        return sign;
    }

    private String getXml(String appId, String mchId, String nonceStr, String body, String attach, String outTradeNo,
            String totalFee, String spbillCreateIp, String notifyUrl, String tradeType, String productId, String sign) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append("<xml>");
        sb.append("<appid>").append(appId).append("</appid>");
        sb.append("<mch_id>").append(mchId).append("</mch_id>");
        sb.append("<nonce_str>").append(nonceStr).append("</nonce_str>");
        sb.append("<body><![CDATA[").append(body).append("]]></body>");
        sb.append("<attach>").append(attach).append("</attach>");
        sb.append("<out_trade_no>").append(outTradeNo).append("</out_trade_no>");
        sb.append("<total_fee>").append(totalFee).append("</total_fee>");
        sb.append("<spbill_create_ip>").append(spbillCreateIp).append("</spbill_create_ip>");
        sb.append("<notify_url>").append(notifyUrl).append("</notify_url>");
        sb.append("<trade_type>").append(tradeType).append("</trade_type>");
        sb.append("<product_id>").append(productId).append("</product_id>");
        sb.append("<sign>").append(sign).append("</sign>");
        sb.append("</xml>");
        return sb.toString();
    }

    private String getPrepayId(String xml) {
        try {
            DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
            InputStream is = org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.toInputStream(xml, "UTF-8");;
            Document doc = db.parse(is);
            NodeList nodeList = doc.getElementsByTagName("prepay_id");
            Node node = nodeList.item(0);
            if (node == null) {
                return null;
            }
            return node.getTextContent();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    private String getCodeUrl(String prepayId) {
        if (prepayId == null || prepayId.length() == 0) {
            return null;
        }
        String codeUrl = "weixin://wxpay/bizpayurl?pr=" + prepayId;
        return codeUrl;
    }

    private String generateQRCode(String text) throws IOException, WriterException {
        int width = 300;
        int height = 300;
        QRCodeWriter writer = new QRCodeWriter();
        BitMatrix matrix = writer.encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height);
        ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(matrix, "png", os);
        byte[] bytes = os.toByteArray();
        os.close();
        String qrcodeUrl = "data:image/png;base64," + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(bytes);
        return qrcodeUrl;
    }

private String getRandomString()方法，用于生成随机字符串：

    private String getRandomString() {
        String str = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
        Random random = new Random();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
            int index = random.nextInt(str.length());
            sb.append(str.charAt(index));
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

创建NotifyController类，处理微信支付异步通知：

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class NotifyController {
    private static final String KEY = "xxxx"; // 商户支付密钥

    @PostMapping("/notify")
    public String notify(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        // 读取请求内容
        InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"));
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        String line = null;
        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            sb.append(line);
        }
        reader.close();
        inputStream.close();
        String xml = sb.toString();

        // 验证签名
        Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
        InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(xml.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        Document doc = db.parse(is);
        NodeList nodeList = doc.getFirstChild().getChildNodes();
        for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
            Node node = nodeList.item(i);
            if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
                String key = node.getNodeName();
                String value = node.getTextContent();
                params.put(key, value);
            }
        }
        String sign = getSign(params, KEY);
        String signFromXml = params.get("sign");
        if (!sign.equals(signFromXml)) {
            return "<xml><return_code><![CDATA[FAIL]]></return_code><return_msg><![CDATA[签名错误]]></return_msg></xml>";
        }

        // 处理异步通知
        String outTradeNo = params.get("out_trade_no");
        String totalFee = params.get("total_fee");
        // 处理订单逻辑

        return "<xml><return_code><![CDATA[SUCCESS]]></return_code><return_msg><![CDATA[OK]]></return_msg></xml>";
    }

    private String getSign(Map<String, String> params, String key) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (String k : params.keySet()) {
            if ("sign".equals(k)) {
                continue;
            }
            String v = params.get(k);
            if (v != null && v.length() > 0) {
                sb.append(k).append("=").append(v).append("&");
            }
        }
        sb.append("key=").append(key);
        String sign = md5(sb.toString()).toUpperCase();
        return sign;
    }

    private String md5(String str) {
        try {
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
            byte[] b = md.digest(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(32);
            for (byte by : b) {
                sb.append(String.format("%02X", by & 0xFF));
            }
            return sb.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
}