Servlet

Servlet

package com.example.servlet01;
​
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import java.io.IOException;
​
@WebServlet(name = "/ser01", value = "/ser01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
​
    @Override
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("创建实例");
    }
​
    @Override
    public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        super.service(req, res);
        System.out.println("hello");
        res.getWriter().write("adad");
    }
​
​
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("实例销毁");
    }
}
​

package com.example.servlet01;
​
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
​
@WebServlet("/s01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        常用方法
        //获取请求的完整路径
        String url = req.getRequestURL() + "";
        System.out.println("获取请求的完整路径" + url);
        //获取部分路径
        String uri = req.getRequestURI() + "";
        System.out.println(uri);
​
        //获取请求时的字段
        System.out.println(req.getQueryString());
​
        //获取请求方式
        System.out.println(req.getMethod());
​
        //获取当前协议版本
        System.out.println(req.getProtocol());
        //获取项目的站点名(项目对外访问路径)
        System.out.println(req.getContextPath());
​
        //获取请求的参数
        //获取指定名称的参数值,返回字符串
        String uname = req.getParameter("uname");
        String upwd = req.getParameter("upwd");
        System.out.println("uname:" + uname + ",upwd" + upwd);
        //获取指定名称的参数的所有参数值,返回字符串(用于复选框传值)
        String[] hobbies = req.getParameterValues("hobby");
        //判断数组是否为空
        if (hobbies != null && hobbies.length > 0) {
            for (String hobby : hobbies) {
                System.out.println(hobby);
            }
        }
​
​
    }
}
​

package com.example.servlet01;
​
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
​
@WebServlet("/s01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//只针对post请求
​
        //获取请求的参数
        //获取指定名称的参数值,返回字符串
        String uname = req.getParameter("uname");
        String upwd = req.getParameter("upwd");
        System.out.println("uname:" + uname + ",upwd" + upwd);
        String name = new String(req.getParameter("uname").getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "UTF-8"));
//用于乱码
        //获取指定名称的参数的所有参数值,返回字符串(用于复选框传值)
        String[] hobbies = req.getParameterValues("hobby");
        //判断数组是否为空
        if (hobbies != null && hobbies.length > 0) {
            for (String hobby : hobbies) {
                System.out.println(hobby);
            }
        }
    }
}
​

请求转发

​
@WebServlet("/s01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //接收客户请求的参数
        String uname = req.getParameter("uname");
        System.out.println(uname);
​
        //请求转发跳转到s02
        req.getRequestDispatcher("s02").forward(req, res);
    }
}
​
​
​
​

​
@WebServlet("/s02")
public class Servlet01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置域对象内容
        req.setAttribute("name", "admin");
        req.setAttribute("age", 18);
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("aaa");
        list.add("bbb");
        req.setAttribute("list", list);
​
        //请求跳转到Servlet
        req.getRequestDispatcher("s01").forward(req, res);
​
​
    }
}
​

​
@WebServlet("/s01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
       //获取对象
        String name= (String) req.getAttribute("name");
        System.out.println(name);
        Integer age= (Integer) req.getAttribute("age");
        System.out.println(age);
        List<String> list=(List<String>)req.getAttribute("list");
        System.out.println(list);
    }
}
​

​
@WebServlet("/s01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
//      响应数据
//getwriter()输出字符串(字符输出流)
//        PrintWriter writer = res.getWriter();
//        输出数据
//        writer.write("hell0");
//getOutPutStream()字节输出流,输出一切数据
        ServletOutputStream outputStream=res.getOutputStream();
    outputStream.write("HI".getBytes())
    }
}

//字符流或者字节流
//解决乱码需要设置客户端和服务端的编码格式
        res.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//服务端
        res.setHeader("content-type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        //或者
        res.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

​
​
@WebServlet("/s01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
//重定向:服务端指导,客户端行为
//存在两次请求,地址栏会发生改变,数据不共享
        System.out.println("s01");
        //重定向跳转到s02
        res.sendRedirect("s02");
​
    }
}
​
​
​

​
@WebServlet("/s02")
public class Servlet01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
​
        System.out.println("s02");
​
    }
}
​

​
@WebServlet("/s01")
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
​
        //创建cookie对象
        Cookie cookie=new Cookie("name","admin");
        res.addCookie(cookie);
​
​
​
    }
}
​
​
​

​
@WebServlet("/s02")
public class Servlet01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取cookie数组对象
        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
        if (cookies != null && cookies.length > 1) {
            for (Cookie co : cookies) {
                String name = co.getName();
                String value = co.getValue();
                System.out.println(name + value);
            }
        }
    }
}

//设置cookie的存活时间
//        方法一,默认-1,存在浏览器内存中,关闭浏览器会失效
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("name", "asdjin");
        cookie.setMaxAge(-1);
//        方法二,设置正整数,会一直保存在电脑硬盘里
        cookie.setMaxAge(100);
//            方法三,0,删除cookie
        cookie.setMaxAge(0);

//cookie的路径
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("name", "zhangsan1");
//        当前服务器下任何项目的任意资源都可以获取cookie,只需要设置cookie的路径是/
        cookie.setPath("/");
        res.addCookie(cookie);
//        不设置的话是当前的
//        指定项目
        cookie.setPath("/s01");
//        指定项目
        cookie.setPath("/s01/servlet01");
​

package com.example.servlet01;
​
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
​
​
​
@WebServlet("/s02")
public class Servlet01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
     HttpSession httpSession=req.getSession();//获取session对象,存在则获取,不存在则创建
        String id=httpSession.getId();//获取session的会话标识符
        System.out.println(httpSession.getCreationTime());//获取session的创建时间
        System.out.println(httpSession.getLastAccessedTime());//获取最后一次的访问时间
        System.out.println(httpSession.isNew());//判断是否有新的session对象
//设置域对象
        httpSession.setAttribute("name","admin");
//        移除域对象
        httpSession.removeAttribute("name");
//        设置时间:默认30分钟,需要在Tomcat的conf目录修改
//        或者自己定义
        httpSession.setMaxInactiveInterval(15);//15秒失效
//        立即销毁
        httpSession.invalidate();//每次都会立即销毁
//        关闭浏览器就失效,因为session对象依赖于cookie对象,所以只要关闭浏览器就会失效
//        关闭服务器也会失效
​
​
    }
}
​

//文件上传
package com.example.servlet01;
​
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.MultipartConfig;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.Part;
import java.io.IOException;
​
@WebServlet("/s01")
@MultipartConfig//如果要上传文件,必须要设置注解
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
​
//     设置编码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//        获取普通表单项
        String uname=req.getParameter("uname");
//        获取part对象(Servlet将multipart/form.data的post请求封装成part对象
        Part part=req.getPart("myfile");//表单中file文件的name属性值
//      通过part对象读取到上传的文件名
        String filename= part.getSubmittedFileName();
//        得到文件存放的路径
        String filepath=req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
​
//  上传到指定目录
        part.write(filepath+"/"+filename);
    }
}

//文件下载
package com.example.servlet01;
​
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.MultipartConfig;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
​
@WebServlet("/s01")
@MultipartConfig//如果要上传文件,必须要设置注解
public class Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        后台下载
//        设置请求的编码格式
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UFF-8");
//        获取参数
        String filename = req.getParameter("filename");
//        参数的非空判断
        if (filename == null || "".equals(filename.trim())) {
            res.getWriter().write("请输入要下载的文件名");
            res.getWriter()
                    .close();
            return;
        }
//      找到存放路径
        String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/download/");
//        通过路径得到file对象
        File file = new File(path + filename);
//        判断文件是否存在并且是一个标准资源
        if (file.exists() && file.isFile()) {
//            设置响应类型
            res.setContentType("application/x-msdownload");
//            设置响应头
            res.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);
//            得到输入流
            InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
//            得到输出流
            ServletOutputStream out = res.getOutputStream():
//            定义byte数组
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
​
//            定义长度
            int len = 0;
//            循环输出
            while ((len = in.read(bytes)) != -1) {
//                输出内容
                out.write(bytes, 0, len);
            }
            out.close();
            in.close();
        } else {
            res.getWriter().write("文件不存在,请重试");
            res.getWriter().close();
        }
    }
}
​
========================================================================
​
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<!--文件上传
1.准备表单
2.设置表单的提交类型为post请求,method="post"
3.设置表单类型为文件上传表单entype="multipart/form-data"
4.设置文件提交的地址
5.准备表单元素
    1.普通的表单项 type="text"
    2.文件项 type="file"
6.设置表单元素的name属性(一定要设置name)
-->
<form action="" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="posthtml">
    姓名<input name="uname" type="text"><br>
    文件<input name="myfile" type="file"><br>
    <button>提交</button>
​
​
</form>
​
​
​
​
</body>
</html>
​