第七章-3·异常

异常（Excoption）

分类

• Throwable
  • 错误Error(不可处理)
    • VirtuMachineError
    • AWTError
  • 异常Exception（可以处理）
    • IOException：
    • RuntimeException：

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异常处理（try,catch,finally,throw,throws）

捕获异常

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格式

try{
    异常语句
}catch(Exception e){
}finally{
    一定会执行的代码
}

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例子

package ooday05;
//异常捕获
public class Demo {
   /* public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a=1;
        int b=0;
        System.out.println(a/b);//异常：Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException:
    }*/
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       int a=1;
       int b=0;
       try {//监控区域
           System.out.println(a/b);
       }catch (ArithmeticException e){//捕获异常    ArithmeticException：捕获的异常类型
           System.out.println("程序程序异常，变量不能为0");
       }finally {//处理善后工作
           System.out.println("finally");
       }

   }
}

package ooday05;
//异常捕获
public class Demo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a=1;
        int b=0;
        try {
            System.out.println(a/b);//快捷键：ctrl+alt+T
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.exit(1);//结束运行
            e.printStackTrace();//打印错误的栈信息
        } finally {
            System.out.println("finally");
        }
    }

}

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抛出异常

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throws关键字

package ooday05;
//抛出异常
public class Demo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        try {
            n();
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        } finally {
            System.out.println("finally");
        }

    }
   public static void n() throws ArithmeticException{
       int a=1;
       int b=0;
       System.out.println(a/b);
    }
}

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throw关键字

package ooday05;
//抛出异常 throw
public class Demo03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            throw new Exception("实例化异常对象");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }
}

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自定义异常

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直接继承Exception就可以来完成自定义异常类

package ooday05;

class MyException extends Exception{
    public MyException(String msg){
        super(msg);
    }
}

public class Demo04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            throw new MyException("自定义异常");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }
}