字符输出函数fputc(适用于所有输出流)
int fputc(int c, FILE *stream);
举例:
int main()
{
FILE*pf=fopen("test.txt","w");
if(pf==NULL)
{
printf("%s\n",strerror(errno));
}
fputc('b',pf);
fputc('i',pf);
fputc('t',pf);
fclose(pf);
pf=NULL;
return 0;
}
字符输入函数fgetc(适用于所有输入流)
int fgetc( FILE * stream );
举例:
int main()
{
FILE*pf=fopen("test.txt","r");
if(pf==NULL)
{
printf("%s\n",strerror(errno));
}
int ch=fgetc(pf);
printf("%c",ch);
ch=fgetc(pf);
printf("%c",ch);
ch=fgetc(pf);
printf("%c",ch);
fclose(pf);
pf=NULL;
return 0;
}
文本行输入函数fgets(适用于所有输入流)
char *fgets( char *string, int n, FILE *stream );
举例:
int main()
{
char buf[1024]={0};
FILE*pf=fopen("test.txt","r");
if(pf==NULL)
{
printf("%s\n",strerror(errno));
}
fgets(buf,1024,pf);
printf("%s",buf);
fclose(pf);
pf=NULL;
return 0;
}
文本行输出函数fputs(适用于所有输出流)
int fputs( const char * string, FILE *stream );
举例:
int main()
{
char buf[1024]={0};
FILE*pf=fopen("test.txt","w");
if(pf==NULL)
{
printf("%s\n",strerror(errno));
}
fputs("hello\n",pf);
fputs("world",pf);
fclose(pf);
pf=NULL;
return 0;
}
格式化输出函数fprintf(适用于所有输出流)
int fprintf( FILE *stream, const char *format [, argument ]…);
举例:
struct A
{
int n;
float m;
char arr[100];
};
int main()
{
struct A a={100,3.14,"bit"} ;
FILE*pf=fopen("test.txt","w");
if(pf==NULL)
{
printf("%s\n",strerror(errno));
}
fprintf(pf,"%d %f %s",a.n,a.m,a.arr);
pf=NULL;
return 0;
}
格式化输入函数fscanf(适用于所有输入流)
int fscanf( FILE *stream, const char *format [, argument ]… );
举例:
struct A
{
int n;
float m;
char arr[100];
};
int main()
{
struct A a={100,3.14,"bit"} ;
FILE*pf=fopen("test.txt","w");
if(pf==NULL)
{
printf("%s\n",strerror(errno));
}
fscanf(pf,"%d %f %s",&(a.n),&(a.m),a.arr);
printf("%d %f %s",a.n,a.m,a.arr);
pf=NULL;
return 0;
}
关于sscanf和sprintf的用法
int sscanf( const char *buffer, const char *format [, argument ] … );
int sprintf(char *buffer const char *format [, argument] … );
struct A
{
int n;
float m;
char arr[100];
};
int main()
{
struct A a={100,3.14,"bit"} ;
struct A tmp={0};
char buf[1024]={0};
FILE*pf=fopen("test.txt","w");
if(pf==NULL)
{
printf("%s\n",strerror(errno));
}
sprintf(buf,"%d %f %s",a.n,a.m,a.arr);
sscanf(buf,"%d %f %s",&(a.n),&(a.m),a.arr);
printf("%d %f %s\n",tmp.n,tmp.m,tmp.arr);
pf=NULL;
return 0;
}
曾经有一道面试题:
对比一组函数:
scanf/fscanf/sscanf
printf/fprintf/sprintf
答:
scanf/printf是针对标准输入流/标准输出流的格式化输入/输出语句
fscanf/fprintf 是针对所有输入流/所有输出流的格式化输入/输出语句
sscanf/sprintf :
sscanf是从字符串中读取格式化的数据
sprintf是把格式化数据输出成 (存储到)字符串