Linux基础命令
文章目录
一.ls命令用于查看目录的内容
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- ls -l //长格式
[root@192 ~]# ls -l`
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jun 29 21:04 a
-rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Jun 28 11:43 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jun 29 21:04 b
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jun 29 21:04 c
[root@192 ~]# cd
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- ls -d //目录文件
[root@192 ~]# ls -d
.
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- ls -b //块设备文件
[root@192 ~]# ls -b
a abc abd anaconda-ks.cfg b c obj
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- ls -c //字符设备文件
[root@192 ~]# ls -c
abd abc obj a b c anaconda-ks.cfg
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- ls -p //命令管道
[root@192 ~]# ls -p
a/ abc abd/ anaconda-ks.cfg b/ c/ obj
- 6 .ls -s //套接字文件
[root@192 ~]# ls -s
total 4
0 a 0 abc 0 abd 4 anaconda-ks.cfg 0 b 0 c 0 obj
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7.文件权限, 文件硬链接的次数,文件的属主,文件的属组,文件大小,时间戳(timestamp),最近一次被修改的时间
[root@192 ~]# ll total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jun 29 21:04 a -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jun 29 21:14 abc drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 33 Jun 29 21:16 abd -rw-------. 1 root root 1092 Jun 28 11:43 anaconda-ks.cfg drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jun 29 21:04 b drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jun 29 21:04 c -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jun 29 21:14 obj
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8.ls -a //显示以.开头的隐藏文件
[root@192 ~]# ls -a . .. .bash_history .bash_logout .bash_profile .bashrc .config .cshrc .tcshrc .viminfo a abc abd anaconda-ks.cfg b c obj
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9.ls -R //递归(recursive)显示
[root@192 ~]# ls -R .: a abc abd anaconda-ks.cfg b c obj ./a: ./abd: b c d ./abd/b: '[1..100]' hehe hh './abd/b/[1..100]': ./abd/b/hehe: ./abd/b/hh: dd ./abd/b/hh/dd: ./abd/c: meimei ./abd/c/meimei: ./abd/d: didi ./abd/d/didi: ./b: ./c:
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ls -r //逆序显示
[root@192 local]# ls -r src share sbin lx2001 libexec lib64 lib include games etc bin abd
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二,cd l//改变当前工作目录
[root@192 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@192 local]# ls
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src
[root@192 local]# cd src
[root@192 src]#
三,pwd /打印当前工作目录路径
[root@192 ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@192 local]# ls
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src
[root@192 local]# cd src
[root@192 src]# pwd
/usr/local/src
四,mkdir - p
//创建目录
-p //创建目录时若父目录不存在则自动创建
[root@192 ~]# mkdir -p abd/{b/{hehe,hh/dd},c/meimei,d/didi,}
[root@192 ~]# ls
a abc abd anaconda-ks.cfg b c obj
[root@192 ~]# tree abd
abd
|-- b
| |-- hehe
| `-- hh
| `-- dd
|-- c
| `-- meimei
`-- d
`-- didi
五,tree //查看目录树
[root@192 ~]# tree abd
abd
|-- b
| |-- hehe
| `-- hh
| `-- dd
|-- c
| `-- meimei
`-- d
`-- didi
六,touch //无中生有、万象更新 创建文件
[root@192 ~]# touch lx 1 234
[root@192 ~]# ls
1 234 a abc abd anaconda-ks.cfg b c lx obj
七,stat //显示文件或文件系统的状态
[root@192 ~]# stat abd
File: abd
Size: 33 Blocks: 0 IO Block: 4096 directory
Device: fd00h/64768d Inode: 67630809 Links: 5
Access: (0755/drwxr-xr-x) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0
Access: 2022-06-29 21:16:22.206344439 +0800
Modify: 2022-06-29 21:16:03.019343386 +0800
Change: 2022-06-29 21:16:03.019343386 +0800
Birth: 2022-06-29 21:16:03.018343386 +0800
八,rm -rf 递归删除所有文件
[root@192 ~]# rm -rf 234
[root@192 ~]# ls
1 a abc abd anaconda-ks.cfg b c lx obj
九,cp
//复制文件,一个文件到一个文件,多个文件到一个目录
-a //归档复制,常用于备份
-r //递归拷贝,拷贝目录时必须使用此选项
[root@192 ~]# cp -r a abd
[root@192 ~]# cd abd
[root@192 abd]# ls
a b c d
十,mv 移动文件 和重命名
[root@192 ~]# touch 1234
[root@192 ~]# mv 1234 /usr/local/
[root@192 ~]# ls /usr/local/
1234 abd bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src
[root@192 ~]#
[root@192 local]# mv 1234 lx2001
[root@192 local]# ls
abd bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec lx2001 sbin share src
[root@192 local]#
/local/
1234 abd bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src
[root@192 ~]#
[root@192 local]# mv 1234 lx2001
[root@192 local]# ls
abd bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec lx2001 sbin share src
[root@192 local]#