centos7挂载磁盘

1、磁盘挂载

1.1、查看已挂载的磁盘

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                  63G     0   63G    0% /dev
tmpfs                     63G     0   63G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     63G   11M   63G    1% /run
tmpfs                     63G     0   63G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G  4.6G   46G   10% /
/dev/sdb2               1014M  218M  797M   22% /boot
/dev/sdb1                200M   12M  189M    6% /boot/efi
/dev/sda1                2.0T   40G  1.9T    3% /data
/dev/mapper/centos-home  1.7T   40M  1.7T    1% /home
tmpfs                     13G   12K   13G    1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                     13G     0   13G    0% /run/user/0

1.2、取消挂载

[root@localhost ~]# fuser -k /data
[root@localhost ~]# fuser -k /dev/sda1
[root@localhost ~]# umount /data
umount: /data：目标忙。
        (有些情况下通过 lsof(8) 或 fuser(1) 可以
         找到有关使用该设备的进程的有用信息)
[root@localhost ~]# umount /data
umount: /data：目标忙。
        (有些情况下通过 lsof(8) 或 fuser(1) 可以
         找到有关使用该设备的进程的有用信息)
[root@localhost ~]# fuser -mv /data
                     用户     进程号 权限   命令
/data:               root     kernel mount /data
                     root       2457 F...m dockerd
[root@localhost ~]# kill -9 2457
[root@localhost ~]# fuser -mv /data
                     用户     进程号 权限   命令
/data:               root     kernel mount /data
                     root      10584 F...m dockerd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop docker
Warning: Stopping docker.service, but it can still be activated by:
  docker.socket
[root@localhost ~]# umount /data
[root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/sda1
umount: /dev/sda1：未挂载

1.3、挂载超过2T的磁盘（普通的用fdisk，超过2T的用parted）

磁盘分区：

[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sda
GNU Parted 3.1
使用 /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) mklabel
新的磁盘标签类型？ gpt
警告: The existing disk label on /dev/sda will be destroyed and all data on this disk will be lost. Do you want to continue?
是/Yes/否/No? yes
(parted) p
Model: 5350-8i LOGICAL VOLUME (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 64.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  标志
(parted) unit TB #设置单位为TB（也可设置为MB或者GB）
(parted) mkpart primary 1 15 #（创建第一个分区，单位是上面设置的TB）
(parted) p
Model: 5350-8i LOGICAL VOLUME (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 64.0TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name     标志
 1      1.00TB  15.0TB  14.0TB               primary
(parted) quit #( parted分区自动保存，不用手动保存 )

格式化分区：

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=64 blocks, Stripe width=256 blocks
427249664 inodes, 3417968896 blocks
170898444 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
104309 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
4096 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
        102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544, 1934917632,
        2560000000

Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成

挂载到/data目录：

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                  63G     0   63G    0% /dev
tmpfs                     63G     0   63G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     63G   11M   63G    1% /run
tmpfs                     63G     0   63G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G  4.6G   46G   10% /
/dev/sdb2               1014M  218M  797M   22% /boot
/dev/sdb1                200M   12M  189M    6% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/centos-home  1.7T   40M  1.7T    1% /home
tmpfs                     13G   12K   13G    1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                     13G     0   13G    0% /run/user/0
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sda1 /data
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                  63G     0   63G    0% /dev
tmpfs                     63G     0   63G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     63G   11M   63G    1% /run
tmpfs                     63G     0   63G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G  4.6G   46G   10% /
/dev/sdb2               1014M  218M  797M   22% /boot
/dev/sdb1                200M   12M  189M    6% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/centos-home  1.7T   40M  1.7T    1% /home
tmpfs                     13G   12K   13G    1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                     13G     0   13G    0% /run/user/0
/dev/sda1                 13T   40M   12T    1% /data

[root@localhost ~]#  echo “/dev/sda1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0” >>/etc/fstab #开机自动挂载