三角函数，反三角函数

B - Counterclockwise Rotation (atcoder.jp)

Time Limit: 2 sec / Memory Limit: 1024 MB

Problem Statement

In an xy-coordinate plane whose xx-axis is oriented to the right and whose y-axis is oriented upwards, rotate a point (a, b) around the origin  d degrees counterclockwise and find the new coordinates of the point.

Constraints

• −1000≤a,b≤1000
• 1≤d≤360
• All values in input are integers.

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Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

a b d

Output

Let the new coordinates of the point be (a′,b′). Print a'and b' in this order, with a space in between.
Your output will be considered correct when, for each value printed, the absolute or relative error from the answer is at most 10^{-6}

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Sample Input 1 Copy

Copy

2 2 180

Sample Output 1 Copy

Copy

-2 -2

When (2,2) is rotated around the origin 180 degrees counterclockwise, it becomes the symmetric point of (2,2) with respect to the origin, which is (-2, -2)

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Sample Input 2 Copy

Copy

5 0 120

Sample Output 2 Copy

Copy

-2.49999999999999911182 4.33012701892219364908

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Sample Input 3 Copy

Copy

0 0 11

Sample Output 3 Copy

Copy

0.00000000000000000000 0.00000000000000000000

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Sample Input 4 Copy

Copy

15 5 360

Sample Output 4 Copy

Copy

15.00000000000000177636 4.99999999999999555911

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Sample Input 5 Copy

Copy

-505 191 278

Sample Output 5 Copy

Copy

118.85878514480690171240 526.66743699786547949770

题意：给一个坐标（x,y）和一个角度d,求（x,y）以原点（0,0）为中心逆时针旋转d°后的坐标。

AC代码：

#include<bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;


int main() {

  double x,y,d;
  cin>>x>>y>>d;
  const double pi=acos(-1.0);
  double len=sqrt(x*x+y*y);
  //double len = hypot(x,y);
  double ang=atan2(y,x);
  ang+=d/180.0*acos(-1.0);

  double xx=len*cos(ang);
  double yy=len*sin(ang);
  printf("%10lf %10lf",xx,yy);

    return 0;
}

1：acos 是cos的反函数，cos(π）=  -1 ，所以acos（-1）= π；

2：hypot函数头文件math.h或cmath

      hypot(a,b)的返回值为double类型，相当于sqrt(a*a+b*b)

3：C 语言里 double atan2(double y,double x) 返回的是原点至点(x,y)的方位角，即与 x 轴的夹            角。返回值的单位为弧度，取值范围为（-π, π]。结果为正表示从 X 轴逆时针旋转的角度，结        果为负表示从 X 轴顺时针旋转的角度。若要用度表示反正切值，请将结果再乘以 180/π。另         外要注意的是，函数atan2(y,x)中参数的顺序是倒置的，atan2(y,x)计算的值相当于点(x,y)的角         度值。

4：题目中给我们的d是度数（角度制），我们要把它转换成π（弧度制）才能带入三角函数计算。

      d/180*π转换成有多少π

5：最后知道旋转后点到原点的距离和与x轴的角度，就可以利用三角函数sin，cos求得旋转后点的坐标x和y。