首先我们大概了解下图书系统的需求
1.要有两种身份 管理员和普通用户。普通用户和管理员分别对应的功能不一样，需要分开实现
2. 图书系统肯定要有图书，和存放图书的地方，存放就用数组来实现
3.实现对应用户的功能
接下来我们第一步：
首先创建一个book的包，里面存放图书类和存放图书的列表
在图书类中我们要有图书的属性，我们这边简易版只有图书名，作者，类型，价格和图书状态（借出，未被借出）
因为是自己使用，为了安全性使用private修饰，然后构造get，set方法来进行set值和get值，在构造一个toString方法，方便后面来打印，还有一个带参数的构造方法，方便后面进行新建图书
接下来实现存放图书
首先需要创建一个数组来存放书，还需要记录当前书的数量，然后我们可以给数组一个默认的长度，和初始化图书，在初始化时就有几本默认的书，我们需要一个通过下标获取到数组中的书
图书的定义初始化和存放做完后，我们来实现用户
用户分为管理员用户和普通用户，管理员用户和普通用户都是用户，我们就可以定义一个父类User类，然后字类AdminUser和NormalUser来继承父类中共有的方法
父类中定义姓名，然后创建一个User的构造方法，doOperation方法后面会讲到
现在我们要创建我们要实现功能的类，因为每个类都要使用work(BookList bookList)的方法，我们封装一个接口给其他功能类使用
然后逐次创建，继承IOPeration接口，创建完后我们来实现主函数
主函数里要定义一个登陆方法，然后返回用户给系统
因为登陆函数返回了用户，我们主函数调用登陆方法，第一步知道是进入哪个用户，然后通过choice来决定调用的是哪个方法，doOperation这个方法在上面已经实现，传入choice和书的列表，choice则是通过在普通用户类和管理员用户类中的menu()方法，然后输入，通过choice来接收，传给了doOperation方法，根据choice选择对应的方法
接下来我们挨个实现展示图书，查找图书，新增图书，归还图书，借阅图书，退出图书系统，删除图书的各项功能。
展示图书：
查找图书：
新增图书：
借阅图书：
删除图书：
退出系统：
归还图书：
接下来我给完整版代码：
Book类：
package book;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 21:49
*/
public class Book {
private String name;
private String author;
private String type;
private int price;
private boolean isBorrowed;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", price=" + price +'\''+
((isBorrowed == true) ? "已经借出" : "未被借出")+
'}';
}
public Book(String name, String author, String type, int price) {
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.type = type;
this.price = price;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public boolean isBorrowed() {
return isBorrowed;
}
public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
isBorrowed = borrowed;
}
}
BookList类：
package book;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 21:49
*/
public class BookList {
private Book[] books; //数组来存放书
private int usedSize; //记录当前书架上 实际存放的书的数量
//默认容量
private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;
public BookList(){
this.books = new Book[DEFAULT_CAPACITY];
//放好书
this.books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中","小说",10);
this.books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩","小说",120);
this.books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹","小说",110);
this.books[3] = new Book("斗破苍穹","天蚕土豆","小说",20);
this.usedSize = 4;
}
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
//获取数组某一个下标的书
public Book getBook(int pos){
// if (pos >= 0){
// return books[pos];
// } else {
// System.out.println("下标错误");
// //return new Exception();
// //throw new Exception("下标错误"); //抛出异常
// }
return books[pos];
}
//通过数组的下标的位置来放书
public void setBooks(int pos,Book book){
books[pos] = book;
}
public Book[] getBooks() {
return books;
}
}
User类：
package user;
import book.BookList;
import operation.IOPeration;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:12
*/
public abstract class User {
protected String name;
//定义一个存放方法的数组
protected IOPeration[] ioPerations;
public User(String name){
this.name = name;
}
public abstract int menu();
//通过传入choice来判断调用的方法
public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) {
ioPerations[choice].work(bookList);
}
}
AdminUser类：
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:14
*/
public class AdminUser extends User{
public AdminUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.ioPerations = new IOPeration[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new AddOperation(),
new DelOperation(),
new ShowOperation()
};
}
public int menu(){
System.out.println("******管理员用户*******");
System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
System.out.println("2. 新增图书");
System.out.println("3. 删除图书");
System.out.println("4. 显示图书");
System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
System.out.println("*************");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你的操作");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
NormalUser类：
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:14
*/
public class NormalUser extends User {
public NormalUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.ioPerations = new IOPeration[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new BorrowOperation(),
new ReturnOperation()
};
}
public int menu(){
System.out.println("*****普通用户********");
System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
System.out.println("2. 借阅图书");
System.out.println("3. 归还图书");
System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
System.out.println("*************");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你的操作");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
主函数：
import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 23:18
*/
public class Main {
public static User login(){
System.out.println("请输入用户名");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入你的身份： 1 管理员 2 普通用户");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
if (choice == 1){
//管理员
return new AdminUser(name);
} else{
//普通用户
return new NormalUser(name);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookList bookList = new BookList();
//user 指向哪个对象，看返回值是什么？
User user = login();
while (true){
int choice = user.menu();
//System.out.println("choice: " + choice);
//根据choice的选择来决定调用的是哪个方法
user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
}
}
}
接口
IOPeration：
package operation;
import book.BookList;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:06
*/
public interface IOPeration {
void work(BookList bookList);
}
功能实现类：
AddOperation：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:02
*/
public class AddOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
//System.out.println("新增图书！");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要添加的书名");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输书名的作者");
String author = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入要添加书的类型");
String type = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入书的价格");
int price = scanner.nextInt();
Book book = new Book(name,author,type,price);
//检查数组当中有没有这本书
int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
Book book1 = bookList.getBook(i);
if (book1.getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("有相同的书了，不进行存放");
return;
}
}
if (currentSize == bookList.getBooks().length){
System.out.println("图书已经被放满，不能放了");
} else {
//将书放在下标的最后一个位置
bookList.setBooks(currentSize,book);
//将书的数量加1
bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);
}
System.out.println("新增成功");
}
}
BorrowOperation：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:04
*/
public class BorrowOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
//System.out.println("借阅图书！");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的书名");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int curredSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for (; i < curredSize; i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
if (book.getName().equals(name)){
if (book.isBorrowed() == false){
book.setBorrowed(true);
System.out.println("借阅成功");
System.out.println(book);
return;
} else {
System.out.println("图书已被借阅，不能再次借出");
return;
}
}
}
System.out.println("你借阅的图书不存在");
}
}
DelOperation：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:02
*/
public class DelOperation implements IOPeration {
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
//System.out.println("删除图书！");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要删除的书名");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int pos = -1;
int i = 0;
int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
for (; i < currentSize; i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
if (book.getName().equals(name)){
pos = i;
break;
}
}
if (i == currentSize){
System.out.println("没有你要删除的图书！");
return;
}
//开始删除
int j = pos;
for (; j < currentSize-1 ; j++) {
Book book = bookList.getBook(j+1);
bookList.setBooks(j,book);
}
//将j置为空
bookList.setBooks(j,null);
//将书的数量减1
bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);
System.out.println("删除成功");
}
}
ExitOperation：
package operation;
import book.BookList;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:03
*/
public class ExitOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("退出图书系统！");
System.exit(0);
}
}
FindOperation：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:02
*/
public class FindOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
//System.out.println("查找图书！");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要查找的书！");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
if (book.getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("找到了这本书，信息如下");
System.out.println(book);
return;
}
}
System.out.println("没有找到这本书");
}
}
ReturnOperation：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:04
*/
public class ReturnOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
//System.out.println("归还图书！");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要归还的书名");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
int curredSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
int i = 0;
for (; i < curredSize; i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
if (book.getName().equals(name)){
if (book.isBorrowed() == true){
book.setBorrowed(false);
System.out.println("归还成功");
System.out.println(book);
return;
} else {
System.out.println("该图书没有被借出，无需归还");
return;
}
}
}
System.out.println("你归还的图书不存在");
}
}
ShowOperation：
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
/**
* @author xiaofan
* @version 1.0
* @date 2023/11/14 22:03
*/
public class ShowOperation implements IOPeration{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
//System.out.println("展示图书！");
int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
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