oracle19c数据库操作与入门使用(笔记1)

oracle数据库关闭

sqlplus  "/as sysdba"

shutdown immediate;

exit;

lsnrctl stop

oracle数据库启动

sqlplus "/as sysdba"
startup;
exit;（回到命令行）
lsnrctl start（开启监听）
lsnrctl status（查看监听状态）

日志路径

select*from v$diag_info；
 

重点看Diag Tracert文件

数据库的警告和一些输出信息日志文件

oracle表空间创建

create tablespace fgedu datafile '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/itpuxdb/fgedu01.dbf' size 10m;

oracle用户创建

create user fgedu identified by fgedu123 default tablespace fgedu;
grant dba to fgedu; 

链接数据库

sqlplus "/as sysdba"

conn fgedu/fgedu123;

创建表

create table itpuxt1(id number(12) primary key, name varchar(20));

oracle数据库插入

insert into itpuxt1 values(1,'fgedu01');

insert into itpuxt1 values(2,'fgedu02');

commit;

Oracle数据查询

select * from itpuxt1;

oracle数据库卸载

su - oracle

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin

$ ./dbca

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin

root:

# yum -y remove oracle-dadabase-ee-19c 

Oracle数据库表空间的路径

select name from v$datafile;

Oracle表空间的创建

create tablespace fgedu datafile '+DATA' size 10m;

Oracle用户创建

create user fgedu identified by fgedu123 default tablespace fgedu;

grant dba to fgedu;

linux上oralce19c环境参数配置

配置hosts

vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

192.168.1.1                fgedu1

192.168.1.2                fgedu2

10.10.10.1                fgedu1prv

10.10.10.2                fgedu2prv

192.168.1.11                fgedu1vip

192.168.1.12                fgedu2vip

192.168.1.65                fgeduscan

关闭SELINX、防火墙

echo "SELINUX=disabled" > /etc/selinux/config

echo "#SELINUXTYPE=targeted" >> /etc/selinux/config

setenforce 1

systemctl stop filewalld.service

systemctl disable filewalld.service

禁止NTP

systemctl stop ntpd

systemctl disabled ntpd

systemctl stop chronyd.service

systemctl disable chronyd.service

rm -f /etc/chrony.conf

配置yum环境

mkdir /mnt/linux

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/linux

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

mkdir br

mv *.repo bk/

echo "[EL]" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo

echo "name = Linux 7.x DVD" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo

echo "baseurl=file:///mnt/linux" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo

echo "gpgcheck=0" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo

echo "enabled=1" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo

cat /etc/yum.repos.d/itpux.repo

准备预先安装的包

cd /mnt/hgfs/soft/

rpm -ivh oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.e17.x86_64.rpm

根据提示安装所需要的包

yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33 ksh libaio-devel

创建用户与组

userdel -r oracle

userdel -r grid

groupdel oisntall

groupdel dba

groupdel -g 5001 oinstall

groupdel -g 5002 dba

groupdel -g 5003 asmdba

groupdel -g 5004 asmoper

groupdel -g 5005 asmadmin

useradd -u 6001 -g oinstall -G asmdmin,asmdba,asmoper grid

useradd -y 6002 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin oracle

passwd

手工创建目录并授权

mkdir /opt/oracle

mkdir -p /opt/oracle/app/grid

mkdir -p /opt/oracle/app/19c/grid

chown -R grid:oinstall /opt/oracle

mkdir -p /pot/oracle/app/oraInventory

chown -R grif:oinstall /op/oracle/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p /opt/oracle/apploracle/product/19c/dbhome_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle/app/oracle

chown -R 775 /opt/oracle

环境变量配置：

节点一为：ASM1

其他节点自己改

su - grid

vi ~/.bash_profile

umask 002

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

export ORACEL_BASE=/opt/oralce/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oralce/app/19c/grid

export PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

source ~ /.bash_profile

env |grep ORACLE

itpuxdb1是自己设置的

su - oralce

vi ~/.bash_profiel

umask 022

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOEM=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19c/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=itpuxdb

export ORACLE_SID=itpuxdb1

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

exoprt PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME:/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

source ~/.bash_profile

env |grep ORACLE

 配置NFS共享存储

ip：

配置ASM目录

NFS server配置

vi /etc/exports

/asm *(rw,sync,no_wdelay,insecure,no_root_squash)

systemctl restart nfs-server.service

showmount -e

exportfs -v

echo "SELINUX=disabled" > /etc/selinux/config

echo "#SELINXU=targeted " >> /etc/selinux/config\

cat /etc/selinux/config

systemctl stop firewalled.service

systemctl disable firewalled.service

RAC主机设置

mdkir /asm

vi /etc/fstab

192.168.0.0:/asm        /asm        nfs

rw,bg,hard,nointr,tcp,vers=3,timeo=600,rsize32768,wsize=32768,actime=0 0 0 

moiunt -a 

chown -R grid:asmadmin /asm

ASM共享磁盘组创建

mkdir -p /asm/oracleam/disks

dd if=/dev/zero of=/asm/oracleasm/disk/asm1 bs=8192k count=1280

dd if=/dev/zero of=/asm/oracleasm/disk/asm2 bs=8192k count=1280

dd if=/dev/zero of=/asm/oracleasm/disk/asm3 bs=8192k count=1280

dd if=/dev/zero of=/asm/oracleasm/disk/asm4 bs=8192k count=1280

dd if=/dev/zero of=/asm/oracleasm/disk/asm5 bs=8192k count=1280

dd if=/dev/zero of=/asm/oracleasm/disk/asm6 bs=8192k count=1280

dd if=/dev/zero of=/asm/oracleasm/disk/asm7 bs=8192k count=1280

chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm1

chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm2

chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm3

chown grid:asmadmin /asm/oracleasm/disks/asm4

安装GRID集群软件

用grid用户解压文件到grid_home目录

su - grid 

cd $ORACLE_HOME

unzip /mnt/hgfs/soft/LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip

root(两台机子都装)

rpm -Uvh /opt/oracle/app/19c/grid/cv/rpm/cvuqdisk*

用虚拟机启动安装

grid:

cd $ORACLE_HOME
./gridSetup.sh

数据库创建

oracle：

dbca

集群的启动与关闭

root：

/opt/oracle/app/19c/grid/bin/crsctl/ stop crs

/opt/oracle/app/19c/grid/bin/crsctl/ start crs