这是一个学生信息管理系统的项目
功能
1.browse——浏览
将文件中的内容打印到终端上
2.search——搜索
学号搜索（输入想要搜索的学号，出现对应学号的学生的全部信息）
姓名搜索
3.insert——插入
插入一个同学的信息，输入一个同学的信息即可
4.delete——删除
输入需要被删除的同学的学号，删除相应同学的信息
5.create——创建
创建（初始化）一系列同学的信息（以链表形式）
6.revise——修改
输入需要被修改的同学的学号，然后选择需要被修改的信息
0.exit——退出
退出此系统
执行结果
终端会打印执行结果
文件的内容会显示执行结果
思路
总体思路：首先读取文件中的内容，将其转化为程序系统内的链表；接着，在程序系统内对链表进行相应修改；最后，在结束程序系统时，将链表内容打印到文件中（此时文件内容就包括其原本内容和你进行修改过的内容）
代码
详细代码如下：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define L sizeof(struct student)
FILE *fp;
struct birthday
{
int year;
int month;
int day;
};
struct student
{
long num;
char name[12];
char sex[2];
struct birthday date;
float score;
struct student *next;
};
struct student*del(struct student*head,long n)
{
struct student*p1,*p2;
if(head==NULL)
{
printf("A Wrong Operation\n");
return NULL;
}
p1=head;
while(n>p1->num&&p1->next!=NULL)
{
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
}
if(n<p1->num||n>p1->num) printf("Not found");
else if(p1==head) head=head->next;
else if(p1->next==NULL) p2->next=NULL;
else p2->next=p1->next;
return head;
}
struct student*insert(struct student*head,struct student*p)
{
struct student*p1,*p2=NULL;
p1=head;
while(p1!=NULL&&p->num>p1->num&&p1->next!=NULL)
{
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
}
if(head==NULL)
{
head=p;
}
else if(p1==head&&p1->next!=NULL)
{
p->next=p1;
head=p;
}
else if(p1->next==NULL&&p->num>p1->num&&p2==NULL)
{
p1->next=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
else if(p1->next==NULL&&p->num<p1->num&&p2==NULL)
{
p->next=p1;
head=p;
}
else if(p2!=NULL&&p->num>p1->num)
{
p1->next=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
else if(p2!=NULL&&p1->num>p->num)
{
p2->next=p;
p->next=p1;
}
return head;
}
struct student*create()
{
printf("Please enter student's information(学号=0 for exit)\n");
printf("\n");
int i=2;
struct student*p,*p1,*p2;
p=(struct student*)malloc(L);
printf("\n");
printf("请输入第1位同学的信息:\n");
printf("学号:");
scanf("%d",&p->num);
if(p->num==0)
{
printf("finish\n");
return NULL;
}
getchar();
printf("姓名:");
gets(p->name);
printf("性别(男/女):");
gets(p->sex);
printf("出生日期(xxxx.xx.xx):");
scanf("%d.%d.%d",&p->date.year,&p->date.month,&p->date.day);
p->next=NULL;
if(p->date.year>2100||p->date.year<1900||p->date.month>12||p->date.month<1||p->date.day>31||p->date.day<1)
{
printf("输入有误（出生年份在1900--2100间)\n");
return NULL;
}
printf("成绩:");
scanf("%f",&p->score);
if(p->score>100||p->score<0)
{
printf("输入超出范围(0--100)\n");
return NULL;
}
while(1)
{
p1=(struct student*)malloc(L);
printf("\n");
printf("请输入第%d位同学的信息:\n",i);
printf("学号:");
scanf("%d",&p1->num);
if(p1->num==0)
{
printf("finish\n");
break;
}
getchar();
printf("姓名:");
gets(p1->name);
printf("性别(男/女):");
gets(p1->sex);
printf("出生日期(xxxx.xx.xx):");
scanf("%d.%d.%d",&p1->date.year,&p1->date.month,&p1->date.day);
if(p1->date.year>2100||p1->date.year<1900||p1->date.month>12||p1->date.month<1||p1->date.day>31||p1->date.day<1)
{
printf("输入有误（出生年份在1900--2100间）");
return p;
}
printf("成绩:");
scanf("%f",&p1->score);
if(p->score>100||p->score<0)
{
printf("输入超出范围(0--100)\n");
return NULL;
}
p1->next=NULL;
i++;
p=insert(p,p1);
}
free(p1);
return p;
}
void print(struct student*p)
{
struct student *t;
if(p==NULL) printf("Maybe there's nothing here\n");
t=p;
while(t!=NULL)
{
printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d\t %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
}
struct student* browse(struct student *head)
{
int test=1;
struct student *t,*t1,*t2;
t=head;
if(t==NULL)
{
t=(struct student*)malloc(L);
if(fscanf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s%d.%d.%d%f",&t->num,t->name,&t->sex,&t->date.year,&t->date.month,&t->date.day,&t->score)<0)
{
free(t);
return NULL;
}
t->next=NULL;
t1=(struct student*)malloc(L);
while(fscanf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s%d.%d.%d%f",&t1->num,t1->name,&t1->sex,&t1->date.year,&t1->date.month,&t1->date.day,&t1->score)>0)
{
t1->next=NULL;
t=insert(t,t1);
t1=(struct student*)malloc(L);
}
free(t1);
head=t;
}
else
{
t2=(struct student*)malloc(L);
if(fscanf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s%d.%d.%d%f",&t2->num,t2->name,&t2->sex,&t2->date.year,&t2->date.month,&t2->date.day,&t2->score)<0)
{
free(t2);
return NULL;
}
t2->next=NULL;
t1=(struct student*)malloc(L);
while(fscanf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s%d.%d.%d%f",&t1->num,t1->name,&t1->sex,&t1->date.year,&t1->date.month,&t1->date.day,&t1->score)>0)
{
t1->next=NULL;
t2=insert(t2,t1);
t1=(struct student*)malloc(L);
}
free(t1);
head=t2;
}
return head;
}
int main()
{
int a,n,m,c,c1,d;
long b;
char name_revise[12];
struct student *p,*head,*t;
head=NULL;
printf("\t\t ********Welcome to the system********\n");
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","a");
if(fp==NULL)
{
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","w");
}
printf("1.browse 2.search 3.insert 4.delete 5.create 6.revise 0.exit\n");
scanf("%d",&a);
while(a)
{
if(a==1)
{
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","r");
rewind(fp);
printf("\n");
head=browse(head);
print(head);
t=head;
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","w");
while(t!=NULL)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
fclose(fp);
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","a");
}
if(a==2)
{
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","r");
rewind(fp);
printf("\n");
head=browse(head);
t=head;
printf("1.按学号查询\t2.按姓名查询\n");
scanf("%d",&m);
if(m==1)
{
printf("请输入学号:");
scanf("%d",&b);
while(t!=NULL&&t->num!=b) t=t->next;
if(t!=NULL) printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d\t %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
else printf("Not Found\n");
}
if(m==2)
{
char name_search[12];
printf("请输入姓名:");
scanf("%s",name_search);
while(t!=NULL&&strcmp(name_search,t->name)!=0) t=t->next;
if(t!=NULL) printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d\t %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
else printf("Not Found\n");
}
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","a");
}
if(a==3)
{
p=(struct student*)malloc(L);
printf("\n");
printf("请输入同学的信息:\n");
printf("学号:");
scanf("%d",&p->num);
if(p->num==0)
{
printf("finish\n");
continue;
}
getchar();
printf("姓名:");
gets(p->name);
printf("性别(男/女):");
gets(p->sex);
printf("出生日期(xxxx.xx.xx):");
scanf("%d.%d.%d",&p->date.year,&p->date.month,&p->date.day);
p->next=NULL;
if(p->date.year>2100||p->date.year<1900||p->date.month>12||p->date.month<1||p->date.day>31||p->date.day<1)
{
printf("输入有误（出生年份在1900--2100间）");
continue;
}
printf("成绩:");
scanf("%f",&p->score);
if(p->score>100||p->score<0)
{
printf("输入超出范围(0--100)\n");
continue ;
}
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","r");
rewind(fp);
printf("\n");
head=browse(head);
head=insert(head,p);
t=head;
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","w");
while(t!=NULL)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
fclose(fp);
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","a");
}
if(a==4)
{
printf("请输入需被删除学生的学号\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","r");
rewind(fp);
printf("\n");
head=browse(head);
head=del(head,n);
t=head;
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","w");
while(t!=NULL)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
fclose(fp);
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","a");
}
if(a==5)
{
printf("\n");
head=create();
t=head;
while(t!=NULL)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
fclose(fp);
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","a");
}
if(a==6)
{
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","r");
rewind(fp);
printf("\n");
head=browse(head);
t=head;
printf("输入需被修改的学生的学号:");
scanf("%d",&c);
while(t!=NULL&&t->num!=c) t=t->next;
if(t!=NULL) printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d\t %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
else
{
printf("Not Found\n");
continue;
}
printf("1.学号 2.姓名 3.性别 4.生日 5.成绩\n");
scanf("%d",&c1);
if(c1==1)
{
printf("请输入新的学号:");
scanf("%d",&d);
t->num=d;
printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d\t %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=head;
head=browse(head);
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","w");
while(t!=NULL)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
if(c1==2)
{
printf("请输入新的姓名:");
scanf("%s",name_revise);
strcpy(t->name,name_revise);
printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d\t %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=head;
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","w");
while(t!=NULL)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
if(c1==3)
{
char sex_revise[2];
printf("请输入新的性别:");
scanf("%s",&sex_revise);
strcpy(t->sex,sex_revise);
printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d\t %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","w");
while(t!=NULL)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
if(c1==4)
{
struct birthday revise;
printf("请输入新的生日:");
scanf("%d.%d.%d",&revise.year,&revise.month,&revise.day);
if(revise.year>2100||revise.year<1900||revise.month>12||revise.month<1||revise.day>31||revise.day<1)
{
printf("输入有误（出生年份在1900--2100间）");
continue;
}
t->date.year=revise.year;
t->date.month=revise.month;
t->date.day=revise.day;
printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d\t %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","w");
while(t!=NULL)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
if(c1==5)
{
float score_revise;
printf("请输入新的成绩:");
scanf("%f",&score_revise);
if(score_revise>100||score_revise<0)
{
printf("输入超出范围(0--100)\n");
continue;
}
t->score=score_revise;
printf("%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d\t %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","w");
while(t!=NULL)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%s\t%s\t%d.%d.%d %.2f\n",t->num,t->name,t->sex,t->date.year,t->date.month,t->date.day,t->score);
t=t->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
fp=fopen("学生信息.dat","a");
}
printf("1.browse 2.search 3.insert 4.delete 5.create 6.revise 0.exit\n");
scanf("%d",&a);
}
fclose(fp);
} 其实我的代码有一些冗余，读者根据自己理解简化即可
4317
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
