C++学生信息管理系统

基本功能: 定义学生(student)类，其中包括姓名、性别、学号、班级和联系电话。
1、设计菜单实现功能选择;

2、输入功能:输入学生信息，并保存到文件中;

3、能按照学生的学号排序

4、能根据学号修改学生信息

5、能根据学号删除学生信息
6、查询功能:
1)能够根据学号查询学生信息; 2)能够根据姓名、学号、班级等查询学生信息 3)按照班级统计学生人数。

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 运行结果我只截取了一个代码如下：需要请自取

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;



// 学生信息管理类
class StudentManager {
public:
    // 将学生信息写入文件中
    void writeStudentToFile(const vector<Student> &students, const string &filename) {
        ofstream fout(filename);
        for (auto &s : students) {
            fout << s << endl;
        }
        fout.close();
    }
    
    // 从文件中读取学生信息
    vector<Student> readStudentsFromFile(const string &filename) {
        vector<Student> students;
        ifstream fin(filename);
        string line;
        while (getline(fin, line)) {
            Student s;
            sscanf(line.c_str(), "%s %s %s %s %s", s.name.c_str(),
                s.gender.c_str(), s.ID.c_str(), s.classname.c_str(), s.phone.c_str());
            students.push_back(s);
        }
        fin.close();
        return students;
    }
    
    // 添加学生信息
    void addStudent(vector<Student> &students) {
        Student s;
        cout << "请输入学生姓名：";
        cin >> s.name;
        cout << "请输入学生性别：";
        cin >> s.gender;
        cout << "请输入学生学号：";
        cin >> s.ID;
        cout << "请输入学生班级：";
        cin >> s.classname;
        cout << "请输入学生联系电话：";
        cin >> s.phone;
        students.push_back(s);
    }
    
    // 按照学号排序学生信息
    void sortStudentsByID(vector<Student> &students) {
        sort(students.begin(), students.end());
    }
    
    // 根据学号修改学生信息
    void modifyStudentByID(vector<Student> &students, const string &ID) {
        auto it = find(students.begin(), students.end(), Student{ "", "", ID, "", "" });
        if (it != students.end()) {
            Student &s = *it;
            cout << "请输入学生姓名：";
            cin >> s.name;
            cout << "请输入学生性别：";
            cin >> s.gender;
            cout << "请输入学生班级：";
            cin >> s.classname;
            cout << "请输入学生联系电话：";
            cin >> s.phone;
        } else {
            cout << "找不到该学生！" << endl;
        }
    }
    
    // 根据学号删除学生信息
    void deleteStudentByID(vector<Student> &students, const string &ID) {
        auto it = find(students.begin(), students.end(), Student{ "", "", ID, "", "" });
        if (it != students.end()) {
            students.erase(it);
        } else {
            cout << "找不到该学生！" << endl;
        }
    }
    
    // 根据学号查询学生信息
    void findStudentByID(const vector<Student> &students, const string &ID) {
        auto it = find(students.begin(), students.end(), Student{ "", "", ID, "", "" });
        if (it != students.end()) {
            cout << "找到该学生：" << *it << endl;
        } else {
            cout << "找不到该学生！" << endl;
        }
    }
    
    // 根据姓名、学号、班级等查询学生信息
    void findStudents(const vector<Student> &students) {
        int option;
        cout << "请选择查询方式：1.按姓名查询 2.按学号查询 3.按班级查询" << endl;
        cin >> option;
        switch (option) {
        case 1:
            cout << "请输入学生姓名：";
            break;
        case 2:
            cout << "请输入学生学号：";
            break;
        case 3:
            cout << "请输入学生班级：";
            break;
        default:
            cout << "无效的选项！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        string keyword;
        cin >> keyword;
        bool found = false;
        for (auto &s : students) {
            if ((option == 1 && s.name == keyword) ||
                (option == 2 && s.ID == keyword) ||
                (option == 3 && s.classname == keyword)) {
                cout << s << endl;
                found = true;
            }
        }
        if (!found) {
            cout << "找不到匹配的学生！" << endl;
        }
    }
    
    // 按照班级统计学生人数
    void countStudentsByClass(const vector<Student> &students) {
        string classname;
        cout << "请输入班级：";
        cin >> classname;
        int count = 0;
        for (auto &s : students) {
            if (s.classname == classname) {
                count++;
            }
        }
        cout << "该班级共有" << count << "名学生。" << endl;
    }
    
public:
    const string DATA_FILENAME = "students.txt";
};

// 显示菜单
void showMenu() {
    cout << "=====================" << endl;
    cout << "= 学生信息管理系统  =" << endl;
    cout << "=====================" << endl;
    cout << "1.新增学生信息" << endl;
    cout << "2.按学号排序" << endl;
    cout << "3.根据学号修改学生信息" << endl;
    cout << "4.根据学号删除学生信息" << endl;
    cout << "5.根据学号查询学生信息" << endl;
    cout << "6.查询学生信息" << endl;
    cout << "7.按班级统计学生人数" << endl;
    cout << "0.退出系统" << endl;
    cout << "=====================" << endl;
}

// 主函数
int main() {
    StudentManager manager;
    vector<Student> students = manager.readStudentsFromFile(manager.DATA_FILENAME);
    
    while (true) {
        showMenu();
        int option;
        cout << "请选择功能：";
        cin >> option;
        switch (option) {
        case 0:
            manager.writeStudentToFile(students, manager.DATA_FILENAME);
            cout << "再见！" << endl;
            return 0;
        case 1:
            manager.addStudent(students);
            cout << "添加成功！" << endl;
            break;
        case 2:
            manager.sortStudentsByID(students);
            cout << "排序完成！" << endl;
            break;
            case 3: {
                string ID;
                cout << "请输入要修改的学生的学号：";
                cin >> ID;
                manager.modifyStudentByID(students, ID);
                break;
            }
            case 4: {
                string ID;
                cout << "请输入要删除的学生的学号：";
                cin >> ID;
                manager.deleteStudentByID(students, ID);
                break;
            }
            case 5: {
                string ID;
                cout << "请输入要查询的学生的学号：";
                cin >> ID;
                manager.findStudentByID(students, ID);
                break;
            }
        case 6:
            manager.findStudents(students);
            break;
        case 7:
            manager.countStudentsByClass(students);
            break;
        default:
            cout << "无效的选项！" << endl;
            break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

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