yum的基本使用（命令+案列）

Yum（全称为 Yellow dog Updater, Modified）是一个在Fedora和RedHat以及CentOS中的Shell前端软件包管理器。基于RPM包管理，能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装，可以自动处理依赖性关系，并且一次安装所有依赖的软件包，无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装 

yum 提供了查找、安装、删除某一个、一组甚至全部软件包的命令，而且命令简洁。

一、普通一般安装vim

• ——卸载：

[root@localhost Packages]# 
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qa | grep vim ——列出已经安装过的vim包
vim-common-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
vim-filesystem-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
vim-enhanced-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
vim-minimal-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -e vim-enhanced ——卸载
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -e vim-common ——卸载
[root@localhost Packages]# 
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qa | grep vim ——查看卸载成功
vim-filesystem-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
vim-minimal-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]# 

• ——安装：

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh vim-common-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh vim-enhanced-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64.rpm

二、使用yum安装：

[root@localhost etc]# cd /run/media/poem/CentOS\ 7\ x86_64/
[root@localhost CentOS 7 x86_64]# ls
CentOS_BuildTag  GPL       LiveOS    RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EFI              images    Packages  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
EULA             isolinux  repodata  TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost CentOS 7 x86_64]# cd Packages/
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qa | grep vim
vim-filesystem-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
vim-common-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
vim-enhanced-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
vim-minimal-7.4.629-7.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo    CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo    CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo  CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv C* bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# touch dvd.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
bak  dvd.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim dvd.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat dvd.repo
[dvdrom]
name="yum dvd rom"
baseurl=file:/run/media/poem/CentOS 7 x86_64
gpgcheck=0
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd bak/
[root@localhost bak]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo    CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo    CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo  CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
[root@localhost bak]# vim CentOS-Media.repo
[root@localhost bak]# yum remove vim-common
[root@localhost bak]# yum install vim-enchanced