shell第二次作业

一．编写脚本for1.sh,使用for循环创建20账户，账户名前缀由用户从键盘输入，账户初始密码由用户输入，例如: test1、 test2、 test3、.....、test10
1. vim for1.sh

#!bin/bash
read -p "请输入用户名：" prefix

read -p "请输入用户的密码" passwd

for ((i=1;i<=20;i++))
        do
                user=$prefix$i
                if id $user &> /dev/null
                then
                        echo "$user已存在"
                else
                        useradd $user
                        if [ $? -eq 0 ]
                        then
                                echo "$passwd | passwd --stdin $user" &> /dev/null
                        else
                                echo "用户创建失败"
                                exit
                        fi
                fi
        done

 2.测试  bash for1.sh

 二．编写脚本for2.sh,使用for循环,通过ping命令测试网段的主机连通性，IP前3段由用户输入，如:输入192.168.48 ,则ping 192.168.48.125 - 192.168.48.135，将可以ping通的主机IP地址写入到/tmp/host_up.txt文件中，不能ping通的主机IP地址写入到:/tmp/host_down.txt文件中
1.vim for2.sh

#! bin/bash

read -p "请输入网段：" ip
for ((i=125;i<=135;i++))
do
        IP="$ip"."$i"
        if ping -c 2 -w 3 $IP &> /dev/null
        then
                echo "$IP is up" >> /tmp/host_up.txt
        else
                echo "$IP is down" >> /tmp/host_down.txt
        fi
done

echo "up ip:"

cat /tmp/host_up.txt
echo

echo "down ip:"

cat /tmp/host_down.txt

2. 测试 bash for2.sh

三．使用for循环实现批量主机root密码的修改
(1)打开多台主机
(2)使用ssh-keygen命令建立密钥对
(3)多台主机间通过ssh-copy-id进行免密登录
(4)编写脚本for3.sh,通过for循环登录主机修改对方root账户密码
1.

vim ip.txt
192.168.220.129
192.168.220.130

2. 建立sshd免密登录

[root@server ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): /root/.ssh/id_rsa already exists.
Overwrite (y/n)? y
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:38w2Iuzy54Tn74zEpdOq+Te/zrJVza92j9VZFX6Hs/I root@server
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|               . |
|              ...|
|              o.+|
|               +=|
|        S   o . =|
|       . + B o .=|
|        + X B E.+|
|      .. B.B++.+.|
|       o==*+=BBoo|
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id  root@192.168.48.131  
[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id  root@192.168.48.132 

3.vim for3.sh

#! /bin/bash


read -p "输入密码" passwd
for i in $(cat ip.txt)
do
        ssh $i "echo '$passwd' | passwd --stdin root"
done
                                                                                                                         

4.测试  bash for3.sh