基于51单片机的孵化环境温湿度监控系统设计

实现功能：

1、对孵化环境的温度、湿度进行监控
2、可以警报提示、修改温度、湿度上下限值
3、led灯指示报警温湿度信息、LCD显示相关信息

电路原理图：

 

部分程序：

#include<reg52.h>

#include "intrins.h"

typedef unsigned char uint8;

typedef unsigned int uint16;

sbit rs=P2^6;   // 数据命令选择

sbit rw=P2^5;  //读写选择

sbit e=P2^7;      //使能

sbit k1=P3^3; //模式

sbit k2=P2^1; //加

sbit k3=P2^2; //减

sbit DHT11_DQ_OUT=P3^2;

sbit led1=P3^6;

sbit led2=P3^7;

sbit dq=P2^0;

uint8 mode=0,xian;

char temph=50,templ=20;

char humih=80,humil=20;

uint8 temp,humi;

uint8 flag;          //设定报警标志

uint8 a,c,tempvalue;

uint8 code num[10]="0123456789";

uint8 code str1[]="Temp:";  //温度

uint8 code str2[]="Humi:";  //湿度

uint8 code str3[]="Error"; 

uint8 code str4[]="Success    ";

uint8 code str5[]="%RH";

uint8 code str6[]="TempH:";    //设定温度上限显示

uint8 code str7[]="TempL:";    //设定温度下限显示

uint8 code str8[]="HumiH:";     //设定湿度上限显示

uint8 code str9[]="HumiL:";      //设定湿度下限显示

void wrd(uint8 dat)   //写数据

{

         delay(1000);

         rs=1;

         rw=0;

         e=0;

         P0=dat;

         e=1;

         delay(10);

         e=0;

         rs=0;

}

void lcd_init()     // LCD1602初始化

{

         delay(1000);

         wrc(0x38);

         wrc(0x38);       //功能设置命令，选择8位总线，双行显示  5*7点阵字符

         wrc(0x38);

         wrc(0x06);       //光标和显示模式设置  光标右移  整屏不移动

         wrc(0x0c);       //显示开关控制  开显示  无光标 光标不闪烁

         wrc(0x01);       //清零指令  固定的

}

//复位DHT11

void DHT11_Rst()      

{                

    DHT11_DQ_OUT=0;      //拉低DQ

    delay_ms(20);             //拉低至少18ms

    DHT11_DQ_OUT=1;      //DQ=1

         delay(3);             //主机拉高20~40us

}

//等待DHT11的回应

//返回1:未检测到DHT11的存在

//返回0:存在

uint8 DHT11_Check()       

{  

         uint8 retry=0; 

    while (DHT11_DQ_OUT&&retry<100)//DHT11会拉低40~50us

         {

                  retry++;

                  _nop_();

         };     

         if(retry>=100)return 1;

         else retry=0;

    while (!DHT11_DQ_OUT&&retry<100)//DHT11拉低后会再次拉高40~50us

         {

                  retry++;

                  _nop_();

         };

         if(retry>=100)return 1;      

         return 0;

}

//DHT11初始化

//返回0：初始化成功，1：失败

uint8 DHT11_Init()

{

         DHT11_Rst();   

         return DHT11_Check(); 

}

//从DHT11读取一个位

//返回值：1/0

uint8 DHT11_Read_Bit(void)                           

{

        uint8 retry=0;

         while(DHT11_DQ_OUT&&retry<100)//等待变为低电平 12-14us 开始

         {

                  retry++;

                  _nop_();

         }

         retry=0;

         while((!DHT11_DQ_OUT)&&retry<100)//等待变高电平    26-28us表示0,116-118us表示1

         {

                  retry++;

                  _nop_();

         }

         delay(1);//等待40us

         if(DHT11_DQ_OUT)return 1;

         else return 0;             

}

//从DHT11读取一个字节

//返回值：读到的数据

uint8 DHT11_Read_Byte(void)   

{       

    uint8 i,dat=0;

         for (i=0;i<8;i++)

         {

              dat<<=1;

             dat|=DHT11_Read_Bit();

    }                                                      

    return dat;

}

//从DHT11读取一次数据

//temp:温度值(范围:0~50°)

//humi:湿度值(范围:20%~90%)

//返回值：0,正常;1,读取失败

uint8 DHT11_Read_Data(uint8 *temp,uint8 *humi)    

{       

        uint8 buf[5];

         uint8 i;

         DHT11_Rst();

         if(DHT11_Check()==0)

         {

                  for(i=0;i<5;i++)//读取40位数据

                  {

                          buf[i]=DHT11_Read_Byte();

                  }

                  if((buf[0]+buf[1]+buf[2]+buf[3])==buf[4])

                  {

                          *humi=buf[0];

                          *temp=buf[2];

                  }

                 

         }else return 1;

         return 0;     

}

void ds18b20init()            //18b20的初始化

{

         dq=1;

         delay(1);

         dq=0;

         delay(80);

         dq=1;

         delay(5);

         dq=0;

         delay(20);

         dq=1;

         delay(35);

}

void ds18b20wr(uint8 dat)       //18b20写数据

{

         uint8 i;

         for(i=0;i<8;i++)

         {

                  dq=0;

                  dq=dat&0x01;

                  dat>>=1;

                  delay(8);//在时序上只有这一块对时序要求最准确，他的时间必须大于15us

                  dq=1;

                  delay(1);

         }      

}

uint8 ds18b20rd()              //18b20读数据

{

         uint8 value,i;

         for(i=0;i<8;i++)       

         {

                  dq=0;

                  value>>=1;

                  dq=1;

                  if(dq==1)value|=0x80;

                  delay(8);//在这一块也对时间要求特别准确，整段程序必须大于60us                

         }

         return value;

}

uint8 readtemp()                        //读取温度内需要复位的

{

         uint8 b;

         ds18b20init();          //初始化

         ds18b20wr(0xcc);   //发送忽略ROM指令

         ds18b20wr(0x44);   //发送温度转换指令

         delay(100);

         ds18b20init();     //初始化

         ds18b20wr(0xcc);   //发送忽略ROM指令

         ds18b20wr(0xbe);   //发读暂存器指令

         a=ds18b20rd();        //温度的低八位

         b=ds18b20rd();        //温度的高八位

         b<<=4;                       //ssss s***；s为标志位s=0表示温度值为正数，s=1温度值为负数

         c=b&0x80;                //温度正负标志位确认

         b+=(a&0xf0)>>4;

         a=a&0x0f;         //温度的小数部分

         return b;

}

void key_pros()  //按键处理函数

{

         if(k1==0)

         {

                  delay(1000);

                  if(k1==0)

                  {

                          mode++;

                          if(mode==5)mode=0;

                          wrc(0x01);

                  }

                  while(!k1);

         }

         if(mode==1)               //对温度上限设定

         {

                  if(k2==0)            //加

                  {

                          delay(1000);

                          if(k2==0)

                          {

                                   temph++;

                                   if(temph>=80)temph=80;

                          }

                          while(!k2);

                  }

                  if(k3==0)     //减

                  {

                          delay(1000);

                          if(k3==0)

                          {

                                    temph--;

                                   if(temph<=0)temph=0;

                          }

                          while(!k3);

                  }

         }

         if(mode==2)               //对温度下限设定

         {

                  if(k2==0)            //加

                  {

                          delay(1000);

                          if(k2==0)

                          {

                                   templ++;

                                   if(templ>=80)templ=80;

                          }

                          while(!k2);

                  }

                  if(k3==0)     //减

                  {

                          delay(1000);

                          if(k3==0)

                          {

                                   templ--;

                                   if(templ<=0)templ=0;

                          }

                          while(!k3);

                  }

         }

         if(mode==3)               //对湿度上限设定

         {

                  if(k2==0)            //加

                  {

                          delay(1000);

                          if(k2==0)

                          {

                                   humih++;

                                   if(humih>=80)humih=80;

                          }

                          while(!k2);

                  }

                  if(k3==0)     //减

                  {

                          delay(1000);

                          if(k3==0)

                          {

                                   humih--;

                                   if(humih<=0)humih=0;

                          }

                          while(!k3);

                  }

         }

         if(mode==4)               //对湿度下限设定

         {

                  if(k2==0)            //加

                  {

                          delay(1000);

                          if(k2==0)

                          {

                                   humil++;

                                   if(humil>=80)humil=80;

                          }

                          while(!k2);

                  }

                  if(k3==0)     //减

                  {

                          delay(1000);

                          if(k3==0)

                          {

                                   humil--;

                                   if(humil<=0)humil=0;

                          }

                          while(!k3);

                  }

         }

}

资料包括：

 

 

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