【一文】带你简单学习JavaScript
学习知识点:
1.JavaScript基础结构
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>JavaScript基础结构</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
alert("Hello World")
</script>
</body>
</html>
2.JavaScript的应用
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>JavaScript的应用</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
document.write("大湖名城,创新高地");
document.write("<h2>大湖名城,科教基地</h2>");
</script>
</html>
3.JavaScript使用方式一:在HTML标签中使用
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>在HTML标签中使用</title>
</head>
<body>
<!--
在HTML标签中使用JavaScript有两种形式
1)使用JavaScript:js代码
2)结合事件属性来使用
-->
<a href="javascript:alert('你点我干什么')">点我一下</a>
<a href="javascript:alert('你点我干什么')">再点我一下</a>
<button onclick="alert('搞什么飞机!!')">你也点我一下</button>
</body>
</html>
4.JavaScript使用方式二:内部JavaScript
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>内部JavaScript</title>
<script>
function showInfo(){
alert('你点我干什么');
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button onclick="showInfo()">点我一下</button>
<p ondblclick="showInfo()">你也点我一下</p>
</body>
</html>
5.JavaScript使用方式三:外部JavaScript的使用
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>外部JavaScript</title>
<script src="js/myJavaScript.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<button onclick="printInfo()">点我一下</button>
</body>
</html>
6.变量
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>变量</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var num;
num = 100;
document.write(num+"</br>");
document.write(typeof num+"</br>");
num="qwert"
document.write(num+"</br>");
document.write(typeof num+"</br>");
var num2 = "asdfg";
document.write(num2+"</br>");
name = "张三";
document.write(name+"</br>")
</script>
</html>
7.数据类型
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>数据类型</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var num1;
document.write("num1="+num1+"</br>");
document.write(typeof num1+"</br>");
var num2 = 100;
document.write("num2="+num2+"</br>");
document.write(typeof num2+"</br>")
var num3 = 99.99;
document.write("num3="+num3+"</br>");
document.write(typeof num3+"</br>")
var num4 = true;
document.write("num4="+num4+"</br>");
document.write(typeof num4+"</br>");
var num5 = 'qwert';
document.write("num5="+num5+"</br>");
document.write(typeof num5+"</br>");
</script>
</html>
8.赋值运算符
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>赋值运算符</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var num1 = 100;
var num2 = 200;
document.write("num1="+num1+"</br>");
document.write("num2="+num2+"</br>");
var sum = num1+num2;
document.write("sum="+sum+"</br>");
</script>
</html>
9.算术运算符
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>算术运算符</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var num1 = 20;
var num2 = 3;
console.log("num1+num2="+(num1+num2));
console.log("num1-num2="+(num1-num2));
console.log("num1*num2="+(num1*num2));
console.log("num1/num2="+(num1/num2));
console.log("num1%num2="+(num1%num2));
var a = 10;
console.log("a="+a);
a++;
console.log("a="+a);
++a;
console.log("a="+a);
var b = 10;
console.log("b="+b);
b--;
console.log("b="+b);
--b;
console.log("b="+b);
var c = 100;
console.log("c="+c);
var d = c++;
console.log("c="+c)
console.log("d="+d);
var m =100;
console.log("m="+m);
var n = ++m;
console.log("m="+m);
console.log("n="+n);
</script>
</html
10.比较运算符
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>比较运算符</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var num1 = 100;
var num2 = 200;
var num3 = 200;
var num4 = "200";
console.log("num1>num2:"+(num1>num2));
console.log("num2>=num3:"+(num2>=num3));
console.log("num1<num2:"+(num1<num2));
console.log("num1<=num2:"+(num1<=num2));
console.log("num1==num2:"+(num1==num2));
console.log("num2==num3:"+(num2==num3));
console.log("num2==num4:"+(num2==num4));
console.log("num2===num4:"+(num2===num4));
console.log("num1!=num2:"+(num1!=num2));
</script>
</html>
11.逻辑运算符
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>逻辑运算符</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var b1 = true;
var b2 = true;
var b3 = false;
var b4 = false;
console.log("true&&true:"+(b1&&b2));
console.log("true&&false:"+(b1&&b3));
console.log("false&&true:"+(b3&&b2));
console.log("false&&false:"+(b3&&b4));
console.log("true&&true:"+(b1||b2));
console.log("true&&false:"+(b1||b3));
console.log("false&&true:"+(b3||b2));
console.log("false&&false:"+(b3||b4));
console.log("b1:"+b1);
console.log("!b1:"+(!b1));
console.log("!b3:"+(!b3));
</script>
</html>
12.三目运算符
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>三目运算符</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var num1 = 100;
var num2 = 200;
var result = num1>num2?num1:num2;
console.log("两个数中的最大值是:"+result);
</script>
</html>
13.注释
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>注释</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
</script>
</html>
14.单分支if选择结构
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>单分支if选择结构</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var score = 7;
if(score>=60){
console.log("及格");
}
console.log("好好学习,天天向上");
</script>
</html>
15.获取键盘输入数据
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>获取键盘输入数据</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var score = prompt("请输入一个成绩:",120);
console.log("你输入的成绩是:"+score);
console.log(typeof score);
</script>
</html>
16.双分支if选择结构
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>双分支if选择结构</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var score = prompt("请输入学生成绩:");
if(score>=60){
console.log("及格了");
}else{
console.log("很遗憾,不及格");
}
console.log("好好学习,天天向上");
</script>
</html>
17.多分支if选择结构
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>多分支if选择结构</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var score = 83;
if(score>=95){
console.log("优秀");
}else if(score>=80){
console.log("良好");
}else if(score>=60){
console.log("一般");
}else{
console.log("差");
}
console.log("好好学习,天天向上");
</script>
</html>
18.嵌套if选择结构
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>嵌套if选择结构</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var num1 = 100;
var num2 = 300;
var num3 = 200;
var max;
if(num1>num2){
if(num1>num3){
max=num1;
}else{
max=num3;
}
}else{
if(num2>num3){
max=num2;
}else{
max=num3;
}
}
console.log(max);
console.log("-----------------------")
var max = num1>num2?(num1>num3?num1:num3):(num2>num3?num2:num3);
console.log(max);
</script>
</html>
19.switch选择结构
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>switch选择结构</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var mingCi = 2;
switch(mingCi){
case 1:
console.log("奖励100元");
break;
case 2:
console.log("奖励50元");
break;
case 3:
console.log("奖励10元");
break;
default:
console.log("没有奖励");
break;
}
console.log("good good study,day day up!!")
</script>
</html>
20.switch选择结构练习-输出星期
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>输出星期</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<script>
var date = new Date();
var day = date.getDay();
console.log(day);
switch(day){
case 0:
console.log("星期日");
break;
case 1:
console.log("星期一");
break;
case 2:
console.log("星期二");
break;
case 3:
console.log("星期三");
break;
case 4:
console.log("星期四");
break;
case 5:
console.log("星期五");
break;
case 6:
console.log("星期六");
break;
}
</script>
</html>