实战samba服务搭建

该文章详细记录了在CentOS系统上安装Samba服务的过程,包括通过yum安装,开启服务并设置开机启动,关闭防火墙,创建共享目录,添加用户及用户组,配置Samba共享权限,并修改smb.conf配置文件以允许特定用户访问。最后,文章提到了如何从Windows系统访问共享目录。
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samba服务搭建

一:安装samba.service服务

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install samba
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base                                           | 3.6 kB     00:00     
extras                                         | 2.9 kB     00:00     
updates                                        | 2.9 kB     00:00     
(1/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                | 249 kB   00:00     
(2/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                    | 153 kB   00:00     
(3/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                  | 6.1 MB   00:03     
updates/7/x86_64/primary_db    FAILED                                          
http://mirrors.njupt.edu.cn/centos/7.9.2009/updates/x86_64/repodata/1ef0fd1d33c5486f04c87531f4368d851b5c3bd7d70fd3b9f60507768f96695e-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] curl#18 - "transfer closed with 18970007 bytes remaining to read"
Trying other mirror.
(4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db               |  19 MB   00:03     
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package samba.x86_64 0:4.10.16-20.el7_9 will be installed
......
Dependencies Resolved

======================================================================
 Package               Arch      Version             Repository  Size
======================================================================
Installing:
 samba                 x86_64    4.10.16-20.el7_9    updates    720 k
Installing for dependencies:
 cups-libs             x86_64    1:1.6.3-51.el7      base       359 k
 libldb                x86_64    1.5.4-2.el7         updates    149 k
 libtalloc             x86_64    2.1.16-1.el7        base        33 k
 libtdb                x86_64    1.3.18-1.el7        base        49 k
 libtevent             x86_64    0.9.39-1.el7        base        41 k
 libwbclient           x86_64    4.10.16-20.el7_9    updates    117 k
 pyldb                 x86_64    1.5.4-2.el7         updates     49 k
 pytalloc              x86_64    2.1.16-1.el7        base        18 k
 python-tdb            x86_64    1.3.18-1.el7        base        20 k
 samba-client-libs     x86_64    4.10.16-20.el7_9    updates    5.0 M
 samba-common          noarch    4.10.16-20.el7_9    updates    216 k
 samba-common-libs     x86_64    4.10.16-20.el7_9    updates    183 k
 samba-common-tools    x86_64    4.10.16-20.el7_9    updates    467 k
 samba-libs            x86_64    4.10.16-20.el7_9    updates    271 k
Updating for dependencies:
 dbus                  x86_64    1:1.10.24-15.el7    base       245 k
 dbus-libs             x86_64    1:1.10.24-15.el7    base       169 k
 krb5-libs             x86_64    1.15.1-55.el7_9     updates    810 k

Transaction Summary
======================================================================
Install  1 Package  (+14 Dependent packages)
Upgrade             (  3 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 8.8 M
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/dbus-libs-1.10.24-15.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for dbus-libs-1.10.24-15.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/18): dbus-libs-1.10.24-15.el7.x86_64.rpm      | 169 kB   00:00     
(2/18): libtalloc-2.1.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        |  33 kB   00:00     
(3/18): libtdb-1.3.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm           |  49 kB   00:00     
(4/18): cups-libs-1.6.3-51.el7.x86_64.rpm        | 359 kB   00:00     
(5/18): libtevent-0.9.39-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        |  41 kB   00:00     
Public key for libldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(6/18): libldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64.rpm            | 149 kB   00:00     
(7/18): krb5-libs-1.15.1-55.el7_9.x86_64.rpm     | 810 kB   00:00     
(8/18): pytalloc-2.1.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm         |  18 kB   00:00     
(9/18): python-tdb-1.3.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm       |  20 kB   00:00     
(10/18): libwbclient-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 117 kB   00:00     
(11/18): pyldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64.rpm            |  49 kB   00:00     
(12/18): samba-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64.rpm       | 720 kB   00:00     
(13/18): samba-common-4.10.16-20.el7_9.noarch.rp | 216 kB   00:00     
(14/18): samba-libs-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64.rpm  | 271 kB   00:00     
(15/18): samba-common-tools-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86 | 467 kB   00:00     
(16/18): samba-common-libs-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_ | 183 kB   00:00     
(17/18): samba-client-libs-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_ | 5.0 MB   00:00     
(18/18): dbus-1.10.24-15.el7.x86_64.rpm          | 245 kB   00:01     
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                    6.0 MB/s | 8.8 MB  00:01     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
 Userid     : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
 Package    : centos-release-7-2.1511.el7.centos.2.10.x86_64 (@anaconda)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : libtalloc-2.1.16-1.el7.x86_64                     1/21 
  Installing : libtdb-1.3.18-1.el7.x86_64                        2/21 
  Installing : libtevent-0.9.39-1.el7.x86_64                     3/21 
  Installing : libldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64                         4/21 
  Updating   : krb5-libs-1.15.1-55.el7_9.x86_64                  5/21 
  Installing : 1:cups-libs-1.6.3-51.el7.x86_64                   6/21 
  Installing : samba-common-4.10.16-20.el7_9.noarch              7/21 
  Installing : libwbclient-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64               8/21 
  Installing : samba-common-libs-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64         9/21 
  Installing : samba-client-libs-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64        10/21 
  Updating   : 1:dbus-libs-1.10.24-15.el7.x86_64                11/21 
  Installing : python-tdb-1.3.18-1.el7.x86_64                   12/21 
  Installing : pyldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64                         13/21 
  Installing : pytalloc-2.1.16-1.el7.x86_64                     14/21 
  Installing : samba-libs-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64               15/21 
  Installing : samba-common-tools-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64       16/21 
  Installing : samba-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64                    17/21 
  Updating   : 1:dbus-1.10.24-15.el7.x86_64                     18/21 
  Cleanup    : 1:dbus-1.6.12-13.el7.x86_64                      19/21 
  Cleanup    : 1:dbus-libs-1.6.12-13.el7.x86_64                 20/21 
  Cleanup    : krb5-libs-1.13.2-10.el7.x86_64                   21/21 
  Verifying  : 1:cups-libs-1.6.3-51.el7.x86_64                   1/21 
  Verifying  : 1:dbus-1.10.24-15.el7.x86_64                      2/21 
  Verifying  : libldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64                         3/21 
  Verifying  : libtevent-0.9.39-1.el7.x86_64                     4/21 
  Verifying  : libwbclient-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64               5/21 
  Verifying  : samba-libs-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64                6/21 
  Verifying  : samba-common-libs-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64         7/21 
  Verifying  : python-tdb-1.3.18-1.el7.x86_64                    8/21 
  Verifying  : pyldb-1.5.4-2.el7.x86_64                          9/21 
  Verifying  : samba-common-tools-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64       10/21 
  Verifying  : libtdb-1.3.18-1.el7.x86_64                       11/21 
  Verifying  : samba-common-4.10.16-20.el7_9.noarch             12/21 
  Verifying  : krb5-libs-1.15.1-55.el7_9.x86_64                 13/21 
  Verifying  : libtalloc-2.1.16-1.el7.x86_64                    14/21 
  Verifying  : pytalloc-2.1.16-1.el7.x86_64                     15/21 
  Verifying  : 1:dbus-libs-1.10.24-15.el7.x86_64                16/21 
  Verifying  : samba-client-libs-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64        17/21 
  Verifying  : samba-4.10.16-20.el7_9.x86_64                    18/21 
  Verifying  : krb5-libs-1.13.2-10.el7.x86_64                   19/21 
  Verifying  : 1:dbus-1.6.12-13.el7.x86_64                      20/21 
  Verifying  : 1:dbus-libs-1.6.12-13.el7.x86_64                 21/21 

Installed:
  samba.x86_64 0:4.10.16-20.el7_9                                     

Dependency Installed:
  cups-libs.x86_64 1:1.6.3-51.el7                                     
  libldb.x86_64 0:1.5.4-2.el7                                         
  libtalloc.x86_64 0:2.1.16-1.el7                                     
  libtdb.x86_64 0:1.3.18-1.el7                                        
  libtevent.x86_64 0:0.9.39-1.el7                                     
  libwbclient.x86_64 0:4.10.16-20.el7_9                               
  pyldb.x86_64 0:1.5.4-2.el7                                          
  pytalloc.x86_64 0:2.1.16-1.el7                                      
  python-tdb.x86_64 0:1.3.18-1.el7                                    
  samba-client-libs.x86_64 0:4.10.16-20.el7_9                         
  samba-common.noarch 0:4.10.16-20.el7_9                              
  samba-common-libs.x86_64 0:4.10.16-20.el7_9                         
  samba-common-tools.x86_64 0:4.10.16-20.el7_9                        
  samba-libs.x86_64 0:4.10.16-20.el7_9                                

Dependency Updated:
  dbus.x86_64 1:1.10.24-15.el7                                        
  dbus-libs.x86_64 1:1.10.24-15.el7                                   
  krb5-libs.x86_64 0:1.15.1-55.el7_9                                  

Complete!

二:开启samba服务,设置开机自启动,关闭防火墙自启动

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start smb.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable smb.service 
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service 
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.

[root@localhost ~]# init 6
Last login: Thu Feb 23 07:14:17 2023 from 192.168.33.1

三:创建共享/data目录,用户组samba和用户tony,并配置smaba文件共享目录用户tony的密码

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd samba
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g samba tony
[root@localhost ~]# smbpasswd -a tony
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Added user tony.

四:重启samba服务,修改samba的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart smb.service 
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 777 /data/

添加以下内容到最后一行:

[data]
comment = data
valid users = @samba
read only = no
path = /data
hosts allow = 192.168.
writeable = yes
write list = tony

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf
# See smb.conf.example for a more detailed config file or
# read the smb.conf manpage.
# Run 'testparm' to verify the config is correct after
# you modified it.

[global]
        workgroup = SAMBA
        security = user

        passdb backend = tdbsam

        printing = cups
        printcap name = cups
        load printers = yes
        cups options = raw

[homes]
        comment = Home Directories
        valid users = %S, %D%w%S
        browseable = No
        read only = No
        inherit acls = Yes

[printers]
        comment = All Printers
        path = /var/tmp
        printable = Yes
        create mask = 0600
        browseable = No

[print$]
        comment = Printer Drivers
        path = /var/lib/samba/drivers
        write list = @printadmin root
        force group = @printadmin
        create mask = 0664
        directory mask = 0775
[data]
        comment = data
        ##共享目录为/data
        valid users = @samba
        ##有效用户为samba
        read only = no
       	##目录权限不为只读
        path = /data
        ##路径为/data
        hosts allow = 192.168.
        ##允许的主机地址网段
        writeable = yes
        ##是否能进行编辑
        write list = tony

五:重启服务

systemctl restart smb.service

六:使用windows输入“win+R”打开快捷命令提示框,输入:\IP地址

即可进入到samba的共享目录下,可以通过修改配置文件,对权限进行修改。


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