多表查询（表+基础+案例）

-- 部门管理
create table tb_dept(
                        id int unsigned primary key auto_increment comment '主键ID',
                        name varchar(10) not null unique comment '部门名称',
                        create_time datetime not null comment '创建时间',
                        update_time datetime not null comment '修改时间'
) comment '部门表';

insert into tb_dept (id, name, create_time, update_time) values(1,'学工部',now(),now()),(2,'教研部',now(),now()),(3,'咨询部',now(),now()), (4,'就业部',now(),now()),(5,'人事部',now(),now());



-- 员工管理
create table tb_emp (
                        id int unsigned primary key auto_increment comment 'ID',
                        username varchar(20) not null unique comment '用户名',
                        password varchar(32) default '123456' comment '密码',
                        name varchar(10) not null comment '姓名',
                        gender tinyint unsigned not null comment '性别, 说明: 1 男, 2 女',
                        image varchar(300) comment '图像',
                        job tinyint unsigned comment '职位, 说明: 1 班主任,2 讲师, 3 学工主管, 4 教研主管, 5 咨询师',
                        entrydate date comment '入职时间',
                        dept_id int unsigned comment '部门ID',
                        create_time datetime not null comment '创建时间',
                        update_time datetime not null comment '修改时间'
) comment '员工表';

INSERT INTO tb_emp
(id, username, password, name, gender, image, job, entrydate,dept_id, create_time, update_time) VALUES
                                                                                                    (1,'jinyong','123456','金庸',1,'1.jpg',4,'2000-01-01',2,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (2,'zhangwuji','123456','张无忌',1,'2.jpg',2,'2015-01-01',2,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (3,'yangxiao','123456','杨逍',1,'3.jpg',2,'2008-05-01',2,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (4,'weiyixiao','123456','韦一笑',1,'4.jpg',2,'2007-01-01',2,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (5,'changyuchun','123456','常遇春',1,'5.jpg',2,'2012-12-05',2,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (6,'xiaozhao','123456','小昭',2,'6.jpg',3,'2013-09-05',1,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (7,'jixiaofu','123456','纪晓芙',2,'7.jpg',1,'2005-08-01',1,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (8,'zhouzhiruo','123456','周芷若',2,'8.jpg',1,'2014-11-09',1,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (9,'dingminjun','123456','丁敏君',2,'9.jpg',1,'2011-03-11',1,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (10,'zhaomin','123456','赵敏',2,'10.jpg',1,'2013-09-05',1,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (11,'luzhangke','123456','鹿杖客',1,'11.jpg',5,'2007-02-01',3,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (12,'hebiweng','123456','鹤笔翁',1,'12.jpg',5,'2008-08-18',3,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (13,'fangdongbai','123456','方东白',1,'13.jpg',5,'2012-11-01',3,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (14,'zhangsanfeng','123456','张三丰',1,'14.jpg',2,'2002-08-01',2,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (15,'yulianzhou','123456','俞莲舟',1,'15.jpg',2,'2011-05-01',2,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (16,'songyuanqiao','123456','宋远桥',1,'16.jpg',2,'2007-01-01',2,now(),now()),
                                                                                                    (17,'chenyouliang','123456','陈友谅',1,'17.jpg',NULL,'2015-03-21',NULL,now(),now());
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#多表查询
#隐式内连接
select * from tb_emp,tb_dept where tb_emp.dept_id=tb_dept.id;
select a.name,b.name from tb_dept a, tb_emp b where b.dept_id=a.id;
#显式内连接
select tb_dept.name,tb_emp.name from tb_dept inner join tb_emp on tb_emp.dept_id=tb_dept.id;
#左外连接
select tb_emp.name,tb_dept.name from tb_emp left join tb_dept on tb_emp.dept_id=tb_dept.id;
#右外连接
select tb_emp.name,tb_dept.name from tb_emp right join tb_dept on tb_emp.dept_id=tb_dept.id;
#子查询
select *from tb_emp where dept_id=(select id from tb_dept where name='教研部');
select * from  tb_emp where entrydate>(select tb_emp.entrydate from tb_emp where name='方东白');
select * from tb_emp where dept_id=any(select id from tb_dept where name='教研部' or name='咨询部');
select * from tb_emp where dept_id in(select id from tb_dept where name='教研部' or name='咨询部');
select * from tb_emp where dept_id not in(select id from tb_dept where name='教研部' or name='咨询部');
select * from tb_emp where dept_id=some(select id from tb_dept where name='教研部' or name='咨询部');
select * from tb_emp where entrydate=(select tb_emp.entrydate from tb_emp where name='韦一笑')and job=(select tb_emp.job from tb_emp where name='韦一笑');
select * from tb_emp where (entrydate,job)=(select tb_emp.entrydate,tb_emp.job from tb_emp where name='韦一笑');
select c.*,d.name from (select * from tb_emp where entrydate>'2006-01-01')c,tb_dept d where c.dept_id=d.id;
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#案例
-- 分类表
create table category(
                         id int unsigned primary key auto_increment comment '主键ID',
                         name varchar(20) not null unique comment '分类名称',
                         type tinyint unsigned not null comment '类型 1 菜品分类 2 套餐分类',
                         sort tinyint unsigned not null comment '顺序',
                         status tinyint unsigned not null default 0 comment '状态 0 禁用，1 启用',
                         create_time datetime not null comment '创建时间',
                         update_time datetime not null comment '更新时间'
) comment '分类' ;

-- 菜品表
create table dish(
                     id int unsigned primary key auto_increment comment '主键ID',
                     name varchar(20) not null unique comment '菜品名称',
                     category_id int unsigned not null comment '菜品分类ID',
                     price decimal(8, 2) not null comment '菜品价格',
                     image varchar(300) not null comment '菜品图片',
                     description varchar(200) comment '描述信息',
                     status tinyint unsigned not null default 0 comment '状态, 0 停售 1 起售',
                     create_time datetime not null comment '创建时间',
                     update_time datetime not null comment '更新时间'
) comment '菜品';

-- 套餐表
create table setmeal(
                        id int unsigned primary key auto_increment comment '主键ID',
                        name varchar(20) not null unique comment '套餐名称',
                        category_id int unsigned not null comment '分类id',
                        price decimal(8, 2) not null comment '套餐价格',
                        image varchar(300) not null comment '图片',
                        description varchar(200) comment '描述信息',
                        status tinyint unsigned not null default 0 comment '状态 0:停用 1:启用',
                        create_time datetime not null comment '创建时间',
                        update_time datetime not null comment '更新时间'
)comment '套餐' ;

-- 套餐菜品关联表
create table setmeal_dish(
                             id int unsigned primary key auto_increment comment '主键ID',
                             setmeal_id int unsigned not null comment '套餐id ',
                             dish_id int unsigned not null comment '菜品id',
                             copies tinyint unsigned not null comment '份数'
)comment '套餐菜品中间表';

-- ================================== 导入测试数据 ====================================
-- category
insert into category (id, type, name, sort, status, create_time, update_time) values (1, 1, '酒水饮料', 10, 1, '2022-08-09 22:09:18', '2022-08-09 22:09:18');
insert into category (id, type, name, sort, status, create_time, update_time) values (2, 1, '传统主食', 9, 1, '2022-08-09 22:09:32', '2022-08-09 22:18:53');
insert into category (id, type, name, sort, status, create_time, update_time) values (3, 2, '人气套餐', 12, 1, '2022-08-09 22:11:38', '2022-08-10 11:04:40');
insert into category (id, type, name, sort, status, create_time, update_time) values (4, 2, '商务套餐', 13, 1, '2022-08-09 22:14:10', '2022-08-10 11:04:48');
insert into category (id, type, name, sort, status, create_time, update_time) values (5, 1, '经典川菜', 6, 1, '2022-08-09 22:17:42', '2022-08-09 22:17:42');
insert into category (id, type, name, sort, status, create_time, update_time) values (6, 1, '新鲜时蔬', 7, 1, '2022-08-09 22:18:12', '2022-08-09 22:18:28');
insert into category (id, type, name, sort, status, create_time, update_time) values (7, 1, '汤类', 11, 1, '2022-08-10 10:51:47', '2022-08-10 10:51:47');

-- dish
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (1,'王老吉', 1, 6.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/41bfcacf-7ad4-4927-8b26-df366553a94c.png', '', 1, '2022-06-09 22:40:47', '2022-06-09 22:40:47');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (2,'北冰洋', 1, 4.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/4451d4be-89a2-4939-9c69-3a87151cb979.png', '还是小时候的味道', 1, '2022-06-10 09:18:49', '2022-06-10 09:18:49');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (3,'雪花啤酒', 1, 4.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/bf8cbfc1-04d2-40e8-9826-061ee41ab87c.png', '', 1, '2022-06-10 09:22:54', '2022-06-10 09:22:54');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (4,'米饭', 2, 2.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/76752350-2121-44d2-b477-10791c23a8ec.png', '精选五常大米', 1, '2022-06-10 09:30:17', '2022-06-10 09:30:17');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (5,'馒头', 2, 1.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/475cc599-8661-4899-8f9e-121dd8ef7d02.png', '优质面粉', 1, '2022-06-10 09:34:28', '2022-06-10 09:34:28');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (6,'老坛酸菜鱼', 5, 56.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/4a9cefba-6a74-467e-9fde-6e687ea725d7.png', '原料：汤，草鱼，酸菜', 1, '2022-06-10 09:40:51', '2022-06-10 09:40:51');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (7,'经典酸菜鮰鱼', 5, 66.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/5260ff39-986c-4a97-8850-2ec8c7583efc.png', '原料：酸菜，江团，鮰鱼', 1, '2022-06-10 09:46:02', '2022-06-10 09:46:02');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (8,'蜀味水煮草鱼', 5, 38.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/a6953d5a-4c18-4b30-9319-4926ee77261f.png', '原料：草鱼，汤', 1, '2022-06-10 09:48:37', '2022-06-10 09:48:37');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (9,'清炒小油菜', 6, 18.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/3613d38e-5614-41c2-90ed-ff175bf50716.png', '原料：小油菜', 1, '2022-06-10 09:51:46', '2022-06-10 09:51:46');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (10,'蒜蓉娃娃菜', 6, 18.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/4879ed66-3860-4b28-ba14-306ac025fdec.png', '原料：蒜，娃娃菜', 1, '2022-06-10 09:53:37', '2022-06-10 09:53:37');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (11,'清炒西兰花', 6, 18.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/e9ec4ba4-4b22-4fc8-9be0-4946e6aeb937.png', '原料：西兰花', 1, '2022-06-10 09:55:44', '2022-06-10 09:55:44');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (12,'炝炒圆白菜', 6, 18.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/22f59feb-0d44-430e-a6cd-6a49f27453ca.png', '原料：圆白菜', 1, '2022-06-10 09:58:35', '2022-06-10 09:58:35');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (13,'清蒸鲈鱼', 5, 98.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/c18b5c67-3b71-466c-a75a-e63c6449f21c.png', '原料：鲈鱼', 1, '2022-06-10 10:12:28', '2022-06-10 10:12:28');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (14,'东坡肘子', 5, 138.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/a80a4b8c-c93e-4f43-ac8a-856b0d5cc451.png', '原料：猪肘棒', 1, '2022-06-10 10:24:03', '2022-06-10 10:24:03');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (15,'梅菜扣肉', 5, 58.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/6080b118-e30a-4577-aab4-45042e3f88be.png', '原料：猪肉，梅菜', 1, '2022-06-10 10:26:03', '2022-06-10 10:26:03');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (16,'剁椒鱼头', 5, 66.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/13da832f-ef2c-484d-8370-5934a1045a06.png', '原料：鲢鱼，剁椒', 1, '2022-06-10 10:28:54', '2022-06-10 10:28:54');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (17,'馋嘴牛蛙', 5, 98.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/7a55b845-1f2b-41fa-9486-76d187ee9ee1.png', '配料：鲜活牛蛙，丝瓜，黄豆芽', 1, '2022-06-10 10:37:52', '2022-06-10 10:37:52');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (18,'鸡蛋汤', 7, 4.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/c09a0ee8-9d19-428d-81b9-746221824113.png', '配料：鸡蛋，紫菜', 1, '2022-06-10 10:54:25', '2022-06-10 10:54:25');
insert into dish (id, name, category_id, price, image, description, status, create_time, update_time) values (19,'平菇豆腐汤', 7, 6.00, 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/16d0a3d6-2253-4cfc-9b49-bf7bd9eb2ad2.png', '配料：豆腐，平菇', 1, '2022-06-10 10:55:02', '2022-06-10 10:55:02');

-- setmeal
insert into setmeal (id, category_id, name, price, status, description, image, create_time, update_time) values (1, 4, '商务套餐A', 20.00, 1, '', 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/21a5ed3a-97f6-447a-af9d-53deabfb5661.png', '2022-06-10 10:58:09', '2022-06-10 10:58:09');
insert into setmeal (id, category_id, name, price, status, description, image, create_time, update_time) values (2, 4, '商务套餐B', 22.00, 1, '', 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/8d0075f8-9008-4390-94ca-2ca631440304.png', '2022-06-10 11:00:13', '2022-06-10 11:11:37');
insert into setmeal (id, category_id, name, price, status, description, image, create_time, update_time) values (3, 3, '人气套餐A', 49.00, 1, '', 'https://reggie-itcast.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/8979566b-0e17-462b-81d8-8dbace4138f4.png', '2022-06-10 11:11:23', '2022-06-10 11:11:23');

-- setmeal_dish
insert into setmeal_dish (id, setmeal_id, dish_id, copies) values (1, 1, 1, 1);
insert into setmeal_dish (id, setmeal_id, dish_id, copies) values (2, 1, 4, 1);
insert into setmeal_dish (id, setmeal_id, dish_id, copies) values (3, 1, 11, 1);
insert into setmeal_dish (id, setmeal_id, dish_id, copies) values (4, 2, 2, 1);
insert into setmeal_dish (id, setmeal_id, dish_id, copies) values (5, 2, 4, 1);
insert into setmeal_dish (id, setmeal_id, dish_id, copies) values (6, 2, 9, 1);
insert into setmeal_dish (id, setmeal_id, dish_id, copies) values (7, 3, 2, 1);
insert into setmeal_dish (id, setmeal_id, dish_id, copies) values (8, 3, 6, 1);
insert into setmeal_dish (id, setmeal_id, dish_id, copies) values (9, 3, 5, 1);
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-- 1. 查询价格低于 10元 的菜品的名称 、价格 及其 菜品的分类名称 .
select dish.category_id,name,price from dish where price<10;
select a.name,b.name,b.price from category a,dish b where b.category_id=a.id and b.price<10;

-- 2. 查询所有价格在 10元(含)到50元(含)之间 且 状态为'起售'的菜品名称、价格 及其 菜品的分类名称 (即使菜品没有分类 , 也需要将菜品查询出来).
select name,price,category_id from dish where price>10 and price<50 and status=1;
select a.name,b.name,b.price from category a  left join dish b on a.id=b.category_id
                             where b.price>10 and b.price<50 and b.status=1;

-- 3. 查询每个分类下最贵的菜品, 展示出分类的名称、最贵的菜品的价格 .
select b.name,max(a.price) from dish a ,category b where a.category_id=b.id group by b.name;


-- 4. 查询各个分类下 状态为 '起售' , 并且 该分类下菜品总数量大于等于3 的 分类名称 .
select a.name,count(*) from category a,dish b
                       where a.id=b.category_id and b.status=1 group by a.name having count(*)>=3;


-- 5. 查询出 "商务套餐A" 中包含了哪些菜品 （展示出套餐名称、价格, 包含的菜品名称、价格、份数）.
select s.name,s.price,d.name,d.price,sd.copies  from setmeal s,setmeal_dish sd,dish d
                                                where s.id=sd.setmeal_id and sd.dish_id=d.id and s.name='商务套餐A';


-- 6. 查询出低于菜品平均价格的菜品信息 (展示出菜品名称、菜品价格).
select avg(dish.price) from dish;
select * from dish where price<(select avg(dish.price) from dish);