Python Qt账本（后端）

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前言

和朋友一起开元了一个账本项目。
他做前端，我做后端，想学习前端的同学点击这里：链接
@GoodCoder666负责制作的前端

目标功能

1. 打开已经保存的账本文件
2. 保存文件
3. 在给定数据中查找文件
4. 按照事件、时间统计收支
5. 统计总收支

还是比较简单的

实现

打开文件

需要一个参数：文件名
打开相应文件名，依次读入：时间，事件，金额， 备注
并append到列表中，最后return之

def openFile(filename):
    '''
    Open file.
    File format: 4 lines per record for date, event type, money delta, and note.
    Such as:
    (file.example, encoding=utf-8)
      (Record 1)
        (ln 1) date1
        (ln 2) event_type1
        (ln 3) money_delta1
        (ln 4) note1
      (Record 2)
        (ln 5) date2
        (ln 6) event_type2
        (ln 7) money_delta2
        (ln 8) note2
    @param filename: File name.
    Returns: data in the format [[date1, event_type1, money_delta1, note1], ...]
    '''
    with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        res = []
        while date := f.readline():
            if (etype := f.readline()) and (mdelta := f.readline()) and (note := f.readline()):
                res.append([date.rstrip('\n'), etype.rstrip('\n'), mdelta.rstrip('\n'), note.rstrip('\n')])
            else:
                raise ApiError('Unexpected EOF at ' + filename)
        return res

保存文件

和打开类似
两个参数：文件名、数据（二维数组）
遍历数据，每次将一维数组print到文件中即可

def saveFile(filename, data): # Save
    '''
    Save with the same format mentioned in openFile().
    @param filename: File name.
    @param data: Data with the same format returned in openFile().
    '''
    with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        for line in data:
            print(*line, sep='\n', file=f)

查询文件

两个参数：数据、关键字
遍历数据，并将包含关键字数据 的复制到另一个列表中，返回该列表

def query(data, key):
    return [record for record in data if any(key in x for x in record)] if key else data

综合统计

一个参数：数据
遍历所有数据，统计收支，并return即可

def total(data):
    in_total = out_total = 0
    for _, _, mdelta, _ in data:
        mdelta = int(mdelta)
        if mdelta < 0:
            out_total -= mdelta
        else:
            in_total += mdelta
    return in_total, out_total

事件/时间统计

一个参数：数据
统计数据中每一个不同事件/时间的收支，并返回list即可

def totalByEvent(data):
    cnt = defaultdict(lambda: [0, 0])
    for _, event, mdelta, _ in data:
        mdelta = int(mdelta)
        if mdelta < 0:
            cnt[event][1] -= mdelta
        else:
            cnt[event][0] += mdelta
    return cnt

def totalByDate(data):
    cnt = defaultdict(lambda: [0, 0])
    for date, _, mdelta, _ in data:
        mdelta = int(mdelta)
        if mdelta < 0:
            cnt[date][1] -= mdelta
        else:
            cnt[date][0] += mdelta
    return cnt

总代码

from collections import defaultdict

class ApiError(RuntimeError):
    pass

def openFile(filename):
    '''
    Open file.
    File format: 4 lines per record for date, event type, money delta, and note.
    Such as:
    (file.example, encoding=utf-8)
      (Record 1)
        (ln 1) date1
        (ln 2) event_type1
        (ln 3) money_delta1
        (ln 4) note1
      (Record 2)
        (ln 5) date2
        (ln 6) event_type2
        (ln 7) money_delta2
        (ln 8) note2
    @param filename: File name.
    Returns: data in the format [[date1, event_type1, money_delta1, note1], ...]
    '''
    with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        res = []
        while date := f.readline():
            if (etype := f.readline()) and (mdelta := f.readline()) and (note := f.readline()):
                res.append([date.rstrip('\n'), etype.rstrip('\n'), mdelta.rstrip('\n'), note.rstrip('\n')])
            else:
                raise ApiError('Unexpected EOF at ' + filename)
        return res

def saveFile(filename, data): # Save
    '''
    Save with the same format mentioned in openFile().
    @param filename: File name.
    @param data: Data with the same format returned in openFile().
    '''
    with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        for line in data:
            print(*line, sep='\n', file=f)

def query(data, key):
    return [record for record in data if any(key in x for x in record)] if key else data

def total(data):
    in_total = out_total = 0
    for _, _, mdelta, _ in data:
        mdelta = int(mdelta)
        if mdelta < 0:
            out_total -= mdelta
        else:
            in_total += mdelta
    return in_total, out_total

def totalByEvent(data):
    cnt = defaultdict(lambda: [0, 0])
    for _, event, mdelta, _ in data:
        mdelta = int(mdelta)
        if mdelta < 0:
            cnt[event][1] -= mdelta
        else:
            cnt[event][0] += mdelta
    return cnt

def totalByDate(data):
    cnt = defaultdict(lambda: [0, 0])
    for date, _, mdelta, _ in data:
        mdelta = int(mdelta)
        if mdelta < 0:
            cnt[date][1] -= mdelta
        else:
            cnt[date][0] += mdelta
    return cnt

尾声

下一个项目正在开发中
搞好了会写文章的