JavaWeb
(十五)、JavaBean
JavaBeans是Java中一种特殊的类,可以将多个对象封装到一个对象中。特点是:
可序列化,提供无参构造器,提供getter方法和setter方法访问对象的属性。一般用来和数据库的字段做映射 ORM。
ORM Objection-Relation-Mapping对象关系映射
- 表----》类
- 字段—》属性(变量)
- 行记录—》对象
class People{
private int id;
private String name;
private String password;
}
public static void main(){
new People(1,"李明","121788");
}
<%@ page import="com.Jsxs.pojo.Demo2" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--相当于 new Demo1();--%>
<jsp:useBean id="people" class="com.Jsxs.pojo.Demo2" scope="page"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="password" value="456"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="id" value="1"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="people" property="name" value="2222"/>
<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="id"/>
<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="name"/>
<jsp:getProperty name="people" property="password"/>
</body>
</html>
package com.Jsxs.pojo;
public class Demo1 {
private int id;
private String name;
private String password;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Demo1() {
}
public Demo1(int id, String name, String password) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Demo1{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
(十六)、MVC三层框架
1.什么是MVC三层框架: Model view Controller 模型视图控制器
1.早些年:
用户直接访问控制层: 控制层就可以直接操作数据库
servlet==CRUD==数据库
弊端: 程序十分臃肿,不利于维护。 servlet的代码中、响应、视图跳转、处理JDBC、
处理业务代码、处理逻辑代码。
架构: 没有什么是加一层解决不了的。 eg: JDBC包的架构
2.三层架构:
前期用户主要用的是: 利用命令的操作进行控制,后期利用MVC三层架构的方式,实现了三层架构
的方式进行了操作。
CURD 它代表创建(Create)、更新(Update)、读取(Read)和删除(Delete)操作。
Model:
(1).业务处理: 业务逻辑(Service)
(2).数据持久层: CRUD (Dao)
View:
(1).展示数据
(2).提供链接发起Servlet请求 (a,form,img...)
Controller
(1).接受用户的请求 : (req 参数或session)
(2).交给业务层处理对应的代码
(3).控制视图的跳转
eg:
点击登入==接受用户的请求====处理用户的请求(获取用户登入的参数: username,password)==
交给业务层处理登入业务(判断用户的名字和密码是否正确)===Dao查询数据库密码是否正确==数据库。
最后进行回滚的操作
(十七)、Filter(过滤器)
Filter: 过滤器,用来过滤网站的作用。
eg: 处理中文乱码 登入验证。。。。
1加入依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.基本步骤
1.基本步骤:
(1).导包
(2).继承过滤器
(3).编写方法
(4).配置web.xml过滤器
3.出现500错误的话
如果出现如下的错误: 请删除这一段
4.案列演示
1.首先我们要进行导入filter的包
2.然后我们要引入接口filter== 这个是java-servlt的包别整错了
3.我们设置一个实列类:编写一段中文编码,在我们不设置编码格式的情况下肯定
会乱码的,然后web.xml对这个类进行注册的设置。
4.然后我们在DEMO2这个类中进行继承接口,然后重新三个方法: 第一个是:初始化
第二个是: 写方法,第三个是: 销毁。
5.配置web.xml
chain : 链
1.过滤中的所有代码,在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行
2.必须要让过滤器继续同行,就是 chain.doFilter(request,response);
chain.doFilter(request,response); //链的意思: 主要作用就是开启过滤器,如果不写,程序就会被拦截停止。可以写多个过滤器
过滤器Demo1
package com.Jsxs.Filter;
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo1 implements Filter {
// web服务器启动的时候,他就开始初始化了
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("初始化的操作");
}
// chain
/*
1.过滤中的所有代码,在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行
2.必须要让过滤器继续同行,就是 chain.doFilter(request,response);
3.
*/
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
System.out.println("过滤器执行前...");
chain.doFilter(request,response); //链的意思: 主要作用就是开启过滤器,如果不写,程序就会被拦截停止
System.out.println("过滤器执行后");
}
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("进行销毁");
}
}
Demo2演示的类
package Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo2 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// resp.setCharacterEncoding("gbk");
// req.setCharacterEncoding("gbk");
resp.getWriter().write("你好呀,世界!");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
web.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>demo2</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>Servlet.Demo2</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo2</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo2</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servletshow</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>demo1</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.Jsxs.Filter.Demo1</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>demo1</filter-name>
<!-- 如果是Servlet下的所有目录,都可以用 -->
<url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
(十八)、Listener(监听器)
1.利用监听实现在线人数的统计
1.实现一个监听器的接口: (有N种)
2.重载方法
3.配置web.xml文件
package com.Jsxs.Http;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;
public class Demo2 implements HttpSessionListener {
@Override
public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
HttpSession session = se.getSession();
// 为什么要使用servletContext? 因为能共享
ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext();
System.out.println(session.getId());
// 为什么使用Integer? 因为可以判断是否为空,而且可以直接设置
Integer count = (Integer) servletContext.getAttribute("Sum");
if(count==null){
// 赋值的操作
count=new Integer(1);
}else {
// 转换
int i = count.intValue();
count = new Integer(i + 1);
}
servletContext.setAttribute("Sum",count);
}
@Override
public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {
}
}
WEB.XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>demo1</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.Jsxs.Http.Demo1</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo1</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/demo1</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>com.Jsxs.Http.Demo2</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
JSP
<%@ page import="java.util.Date" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<div style="color: #073636">在线人数为<span><%=pageContext.findAttribute("Sum")%></span>人</div>
<%
%>
<%-- GMT时间--%>
<%=new Date()%>>
</body>
</html>
(十九)、小结对18之前的
package com.Jsxs.Http;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
public class Demo1 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 1.如果想要输出的数据是gbk,那么只需要resp响应头即可,可以不用设置rep。
resp.setCharacterEncoding("gbk");
req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
resp.getWriter().write(resp.getCharacterEncoding());
resp.getWriter().write("你好,我是getWriter()!");
// 2.进行设置响应界面的设置,什么界面以及编码格式
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
resp.getWriter().write(resp.getContentType());
// 3.getOutputStream和getWriter这两个方法互相排斥,调用了其中的任何一个方法后,就不能再调用另一方法。
// ServletOutputStream outputStream = resp.getOutputStream();
// outputStream.println(12123);
// 4.是为了解决相对路径的问题,可返回站点的根路径。
resp.getWriter().write(req.getContextPath());
resp.getWriter().write("你好");
//===========================================================================
// ServletContext
ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
// 1.存servlet和取servlet.
servletContext.setAttribute("name","吉士先生");
String name = (String) servletContext.getAttribute("name");
resp.getWriter().write(name);
// 2.是为了解决相对路径的问题,可返回站点的根路径。
String contextPath = servletContext.getContextPath();
resp.getWriter().write(contextPath);
// 3.请求转发....
// RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = servletContext.getRequestDispatcher("/Demo2");
// requestDispatcher.forward(req,resp);
// 4.获取资源
InputStream is = servletContext.getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.load(is);
String username = properties.getProperty("username");
String password = properties.getProperty("password");
resp.getWriter().write(URLDecoder.decode(username,"gbk"));
resp.getWriter().write(password);
//===========================================================================
//COOKIE
/* Cookie cookie=new Cookie("Secrity","121788");
resp.addCookie(cookie);
Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
if (cookies==null){
resp.getWriter().write("没有cookie");
}else {
for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
Cookie cookie1 = cookies[i];
if (cookie1.getName().equals("Secrity")) {
cookie1.setSecure(true);
cookie1.setComment("这是您的密码");
resp.getWriter().write(cookie1.getValue()+" "+cookie1.getName()+" "+cookie1.getComment()
+" "+cookie1.getPath()+" "+cookie1.getMaxAge()+" "+cookie1.getSecure()+" "+cookie1.getVersion());
}
}
}
*/
//=====================================================================
// Session
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
// 1.设置session并且取session
session.setAttribute("GOODS","密码是:12456");
String goods = (String) session.getAttribute("GOODS");
resp.getWriter().write(goods);
// 2.注销指定的session
// resp.getWriter().write("结束了");
// session.invalidate();
// session.removeAttribute("GOODS");
// resp.getWriter().write(goods);
// 3.获取session创建的时间: 会返回一个时间戳
long creationTime = session.getCreationTime();
resp.getWriter().write(creationTime+"");
Date date = new Date(creationTime);
resp.getWriter().write(date.toString());
// 4.设置和获取session的有效时间.
// session.setMaxInactiveInterval(10);
// resp.getWriter().write(session.getMaxInactiveInterval());
//
// 5.设置ServletContext的属性,以及获取。不能获取不是ServletContext创建的属性
resp.getWriter().write("你好");
ServletContext servletContext1 = session.getServletContext();
servletContext1.setAttribute("he","吉士先生");
String goods1 = (String) servletContext1.getAttribute("he");
resp.getWriter().write(goods1);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
(二十)、过滤器、监听器常见应用
1.过滤器注册和注销操作
用户登入之后就可以进入主页,注销之后就不能进入主页
1.创建 login.jsp.里面有一个表单,表单提交后转向LoginServlet.java这个类
的映射。
2.然后映射再找对应的LoginServlet.java,进行判断。再进行重定向。
succes.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>主页</h1>
<p><a href="Servlete/logout" >注销</a></p>
</body>
</html>
login.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>吉士先生登入界面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="demo4 " method="get">
用户名<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="请输入您的账号">
密码<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入您的密码">
<input type="submit" name="login">
<input type="reset" name="reset">
</form>
</body>
</html>
error.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>您输入的信息有误</h1>
<p><a href="http://localhost/Maven_Filter_war_exploded/login.jsp" >返回首页</a></p>
</body>
</html>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>demo2</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>Servlet.Demo2</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo2</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo2</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servletshow</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>demo1</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.Jsxs.Filter.Demo1</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>demo1</filter-name>
<!-- 如果是Servlet下的所有目录,都可以用 -->
<url-pattern>/succes.jsp</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 注册监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>Listener.OnionCount</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>Servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/demo4</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>logout</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>Servlet.LogOut</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>logout</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/Servlete/logout</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
log.java
package Servlet;
import util.Constanta;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
public class LogOut extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
if (session!=null){
session.removeAttribute(Constanta.USER_SESSION);
System.out.println("注销成功");
resp.sendRedirect("http://localhost/Maven_Filter_war_exploded/login.jsp");
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
logout.java
package Servlet;
import util.Constanta;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
public class LogOut extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
if (session!=null){
session.removeAttribute(Constanta.USER_SESSION);
System.out.println("注销成功");
resp.sendRedirect("http://localhost/Maven_Filter_war_exploded/login.jsp");
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
过滤器
package com.Jsxs.Filter;
import util.Constanta;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Demo1 implements Filter {
// web服务器启动的时候,他就开始初始化了
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("初始化的操作");
}
// chain
/*
1.过滤中的所有代码,在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行
2.必须要让过滤器继续同行,就是 chain.doFilter(request,response);
3.
*/
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 进行强制转换
HttpServletRequest request1 = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpServletResponse response1 = (HttpServletResponse) response;
// 经过过滤器进行操作
Object user_session = request1.getSession().getAttribute(Constanta.USER_SESSION);
if(user_session==null){
response1.sendRedirect("http://localhost/Maven_Filter_war_exploded/login.jsp");
}
chain.doFilter(request,response); //链的意思: 主要作用就是开启过滤器,如果不写,程序就会被拦截停止
System.out.println("过滤器正在监听...");
}
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("过滤器已进行销毁");
}
}
常量
package util;
public class Constanta {
public final static String USER_SESSION="USER_SESSION";
}
(二十一)、Junit依赖的作用:
1.依赖
可以在不加main方法的基础上,进行测试输出
junit依赖:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
junit的附属依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
使用junit的时候,上面要加上注解才能生效
package com.Jsxs;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
public class Test_Junit {
@Test
public void test(){
System.out.println("hello");
}
}
(二十三)、SMBMS项目搭建
1.模块图
2.项目搭建
1.搭建一个模板项目,然后进行补充和更新目录:,以及Tomcat.
2.测试服务器是否能打开
3.导入项目中会遇到的jar包: servlet, servlet-jsp, mysql,stl,standard
4.建文件目录
4.编写实体类: 实现ORM映射
5.设置数据库配置文件
4.设置过滤器,并且进行配置
6.导入静态数据资源
7.设置首页
8.编写dao层用户登入的接口
9.编写dao接口的实现类
(二十四)、密码使用的Ajax
1.阿里巴巴的: fastjson
2.MAVEN
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.61</version>
</dependency>