js轮播图的实现

三池丶

已于 2023-01-11 20:24:36 修改

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文章标签： javascript css 前端

于 2023-01-11 09:45:26 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_72343101/article/details/128639192

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原理：
- html和css：先通过定位使所有图片重叠在一个位置，然后利用z-index让图片展示，把左右箭头和圆点的z-index设置的比图片高，这样不会被图片所覆盖，通过伪类的方式将左右按钮隐藏和展示
- js：用classsName会覆盖class的特性来清除和添加z-index属性，使图片展示，通过间隔计时器添加z-index从而实现轮播图的功能

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <style> 
        *{
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }
        .wrap {
            margin: 0 auto;
            width: 800px;
            height: 400px;
            position: relative;
        }
 
        .list {
            width: 800px;
            height: 400px;
            position: relative;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
 
        .item {
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            list-style: none;
            position: absolute;
            left: 0;
        }
 
        .item:nth-child(1) {
            background-color: gold;
        }
 
        .item:nth-child(2) {
            background-color: red;
        }
 
        .item:nth-child(3) {
            background-color: yellow;
        }
 
        .item:nth-child(4) {
            background-color: blue;
        }
 
        .item:nth-child(5) {
            background-color: orange;
        }
 
        .item.active {
            z-index: 10;
        }
 
        .btn {
            width: 60px;
            height: 100px;
            z-index: 100;
            top: 150px;
            position: absolute;
            display: none;/*隐藏按钮*/
        }
        .wrap:hover .btn{
            display: block;/*显示按钮*/
        }
 
        #leftbtn {
            left: 0px;
        }
 
        #rightbtn {
            right: 0px;
        }
 
        .pointList {
            list-style: none;
            padding-left: 0px;
            position: absolute;
            right: 20px;
            bottom: 20px;
            z-index: 200;
        }
 
        .point {
            width: 10px;
            height: 10px;
            background-color: antiquewhite;
            border-radius: 100%;
            float: left;
            margin-right: 8px;
            border-style: solid;
            border-width: 2px;
            border-color: slategray;
            cursor: pointer;  
        }
 
        .point.active{
            background-color: cadetblue;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="wrap">
        <ul class="list">
            <li class="item active">0</li>
            <li class="item">1</li>
            <li class="item">2</li>
            <li class="item">3</li>
            <li class="item">4</li>
        </ul>
        <ul class="pointList">
            <li class="point active" data-index = 0></li>
            <li class="point" data-index = 1></li>
            <li class="point" data-index = 2></li>
            <li class="point" data-index = 3></li>
            <li class="point" data-index = 4></li>
        </ul>
        <button class="btn" id="leftbtn"> < </button> 
        <button class="btn" id="rightbtn"> > </button>
    </div>
    <script>
        var items = document.querySelectorAll(".item");
        //图片绑定
        var points = document.querySelectorAll(".point")
        //点绑定
        var left = document.getElementById("leftbtn");
        var right = document.getElementById("rightbtn");
        //左右按钮绑定
        var all = document.querySelector(".wrap")
        //外部盒子绑定
        var index = 0;
        var time = 0;
        //定时器参数初始化
        
        //清除active方法，用classsName会覆盖class的特性来清除active
        var clearActive = function () {
            for (i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
                items[i].className = 'item';
            }
            for (j = 0; j < points.length; j++) {
                points[j].className = 'point';
            }
        }
 
        //改变active方法，给想要展示的图片和圆点同时加上'item active'
        var goIndex = function () {
            clearActive();
            items[index].className = 'item active';
            points[index].className = 'point active'
        }

        //通过按钮事件来使图片和圆点同时切换
        //左按钮事件
        var goLeft = function () {
            if (index == 0) {
                index = 4;
            } else {
                index--;
            }
            goIndex();
        }
 
        //右按钮事件
        var goRight = function () {
            if (index < 4) {
                index++;
            } else {
                index = 0;
            }
            goIndex();
        }
        
        //绑定点击事件监听，点击后计时器跳转清零
        left.addEventListener('click', function () {
            goLeft();
            time = 0;
        })
 
        right.addEventListener('click', function () {
            goRight();
            time = 0;
        })
 
        for(i = 0;i < points.length;i++){
            points[i].addEventListener('click',function(){
                var pointIndex = this.getAttribute('data-index')
                index = pointIndex;//在这里给index赋值
                goIndex();//使用goIndex，使需要展示的图片展示出来
                time = 0;//计时器清零
            })
        }

        //间隔计时器
        var timer;
        function play(){
         timer = setInterval(function(){
            time ++;
            if(time == 10 ){
                goRight();
                time = 0;
            }    
        },100)
    }

        play();
        //移入清除计时器,实现鼠标移入图片静止
        all.onmousemove = function(){
            clearInterval(timer)
        }

       //移出启动计时器，鼠标滑出图片开始轮播
        all.onmouseleave = function(){
            play();
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>