2021-08-18 Mybatis的初步使用方法

问题描述：使用mybatis初步实现对数据库的数据操作！

1. 导入需要的的包：
   – 数据库驱动：
   – mybatis依赖：

 <!--mybatis的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql的驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.11</version>
        </dependency>

2.配置mybatis的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--    setting :控制mybatis全局行为-->
    <settings>
        <!--        设置日志-->
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>


    <!--环境配置：数据库的连接信息默认的连接数据库-->
    <environments default="mydev">
        <!--environment：一个数据库的配置，环境
        ID：自定义的一个唯一值，表示环境的名称-->
        <environment id="mydev">
            <!--数据库的事物级别-->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <!--这些是数据库的属性值 ，type="POOLED"标识连接池-->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!--spl映射文件，指定sql映射文件的位置：可以设置多个！-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/hyc/dao/StudentDao.xml"/>
<!--        <mapper resource="com/hyc/dao/StudentDao.xml"/>-->
<!--        <mapper resource="com/hyc/dao/StudentDao.xml"/>-->
    </mappers>
</configuration>


        <!--mybatis 得主配置文件，约束和配置的参数
约束：mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd








-->

3. 需要一个domain的实体类-- student

package com.hyc.domain;

public class Student {

  // 定义属性，
  private Integer id;
  private String name;
  private String email;
  private Integer age;

  public Student() {}

  public Student(Integer id, String name, String email, Integer age) {
    this.id = id;
    this.name = name;
    this.email = email;
    this.age = age;
  }

  public Integer getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }

  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  public String getEmail() {
    return email;
  }

  public void setEmail(String email) {
    this.email = email;
  }

  public Integer getAge() {
    return age;
  }

  public void setAge(Integer age) {
    this.age = age;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "Student{"
        + "id="
        + id
        + ", name='"
        + name
        + '\''
        + ", email='"
        + email
        + '\''
        + ", age="
        + age
        + '}';
  }
}

4. 创建dao层，创建一个StudentDao和一个StudentDao.xml

package com.hyc.dao;

import com.hyc.domain.Student;
import com.hyc.vo.QueryParam;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentDao {
  // 一个简单类型的 参数，mybatis把java的基本数据类型和String都叫简单类型
  // 在mapper文件中的获取简单的数据类型 #{参数}
  // 查询学生根据学生ID
  public Student selectStudent(Integer id);
  // 插入一个学生方法
  public int insertStudent(Student student);
  // 1⃣️、传多个参数，这种是分别列出所有的参数
  public List<Student> selectMulitParam(@Param("MyName") String name,
                                        @Param("MyAge") Integer age);

  // 2⃣️、多个参数，使用java对象为参数，这个是很常用的一种方式！
  List<Student> selectMulitObject(QueryParam queryParam);

  List<Student> selectMulitStudent(Student student);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.hyc.dao.StudentDao">
    <!--  parameterType:用来表示接口中参数的类型，


          注意：这个不是强制的

        -->
    <select id="selectStudent" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultType="com.hyc.domain.Student">
        select id, name, email, age
        from student
        where id = #{id}

    </select>
    <insert id="insertStudent">
        insert into student
        values (#{id}, #{name}, #{email}, #{age});

    </insert>

    <select id="selectMulitParam" resultType="com.hyc.domain.Student">
        select id, name, email, age
        from student
        where name = #{MyName}
           or age = #{MyAge}


    </select>
    <!--
    多个参数，使用java对象的属性值，作为参数的实际值
    使用对象语法，#{属性名，javaType=类型名称，javaType=数据类型}
    -->
    <!--    使用java对象为参数-->
    <select id="selectMulitObject" resultType="com.hyc.domain.Student">
        select id, name, email, age
        from student
        where name = #{paramName}
           or age = #{paramAge}
    </select>
    <select id="selectMulitStudent" resultType="com.hyc.domain.Student">
        select id, name, email, age
        from student
        where name = #{name}
           or age = #{age}
    </select>
</mapper>

5. 这里需要用到一个工具类Utils

package com.hyc.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class MyBatisUtils {
  private static SqlSessionFactory factoryBuilder = null;

  static {
    String config = "mybatis.xml"; // 和你项目中的文件一样
    try {
      InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream(config);
      factoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);

    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
  // 获取SqlSession的方法
  public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
    SqlSession sqlSession = null;
    if (factoryBuilder != null) {
      sqlSession = factoryBuilder.openSession(true);
    }
    return sqlSession;
  }
}

6. 测试

package com.hyc;

import com.hyc.dao.StudentDao;
import com.hyc.domain.Student;
import com.hyc.utils.MyBatisUtils;
import com.hyc.vo.QueryParam;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class TestMybatis {
  @Test
  public void selectStudent() {
    // 1 获取sqlsesion
    SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    StudentDao dao = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentDao.class);
    Student student = dao.selectStudent(1001);
    System.out.println(student);
  }

  @Test
  public void insertStudent() {
    SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    StudentDao dao = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentDao.class);
    int n = dao.insertStudent(new Student(1007, "张三", "zhangsan@qq.com", 23));
    System.out.println(n);
  }

  @Test
  public void testMulitParam() {
    SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    StudentDao dao = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentDao.class);
    List<Student> students = dao.selectMulitParam("张飞", 20);
    students.forEach(student -> System.out.println(student));
  }

  @Test
  public void testMulitObject() {
    SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    StudentDao dao = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentDao.class);
    QueryParam queryParam = new QueryParam("张三", 20);
    List<Student> students = dao.selectMulitObject(queryParam);
    students.forEach(student -> System.out.println(student));
  }

  @Test
  public void testMulitStudent() {
    SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    StudentDao dao = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentDao.class);
    Student student1 = new Student(null, "张三", null, 20);
    List<Student> students = dao.selectMulitStudent(student1);
    students.forEach(student -> System.out.println(student));
  }
}