【Windows系统编程】07.进程通信与线程同步

进程通信

邮槽

进程一：

// Process1.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//

#include <iostream>
#include <Windows.h>

int main()
{
    //创建邮槽
    HANDLE hMailslot = CreateMailslot(
        L"\\\\.\\mailslot\\Communication",    //mailslot的名称，需要符合一定的格式
        0,                                    //指定可以写入mailslot的单个邮件的最大大小 
        MAILSLOT_WAIT_FOREVER,                //等待时间
        NULL                                  //安全属性
    );
    char szBuffer[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
    DWORD dwReadSize = 0;
    if (!ReadFile(hMailslot, szBuffer, MAX_PATH, &dwReadSize, NULL)) {
        CloseHandle(hMailslot);
        return -1;
    }
    else {
        std::cout << szBuffer << std::endl;
        CloseHandle(hMailslot);
    }
    system("pause");
    return -1;
}

进程二：

// Process2.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//

#include <iostream>
#include <Windows.h>

int main()
{
    char szBuffer[] = "Hello";
    HANDLE hMailslot = CreateFile(L"\\\\.\\mailslot\\Communication", GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING
        , FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
    DWORD dwWriteSize = 0;
    WriteFile(hMailslot, szBuffer, strlen(szBuffer) + 1, &dwWriteSize, NULL);
    CloseHandle(hMailslot);
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

通信测试：

先运行进程一，再运行进程二

通信成功：

剪切板

进程一：

// Process1.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <Windows.h>

int main()
{
    const char* pStr = "This is a string";

    //打开剪切板进行检查
    if (OpenClipboard(NULL)) {
        //清空剪切板并释放剪切板中的数据句柄
        EmptyClipboard();
        //全局内存块句柄
        //从堆中分配指定字节数
        HGLOBAL hGlobalClipboard = GlobalAlloc(GHND, strlen(pStr) + 1);
        //锁定全局对下那个并放回该对象内存块的第一个字节指针
        char* szBuffer = NULL;
        szBuffer = (char*)GlobalLock(hGlobalClipboard);
         strcpy(szBuffer, pStr);
        //取消锁定
        GlobalUnlock(hGlobalClipboard);
        //以指定的剪贴板格式将数据放在剪贴板上
        SetClipboardData(CF_TEXT, hGlobalClipboard);
        CloseClipboard();
    }

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

进程二：

// Process2.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//

#include <iostream>
#include <Windows.h>

int main()
{
    if (OpenClipboard(NULL)) {
        if (IsClipboardFormatAvailable(CF_TEXT)) {
            HGLOBAL hGlobalClip = GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT);
            char* szBuffer = NULL;
            szBuffer = (char*)GlobalLock(hGlobalClip);
            GlobalUnlock(hGlobalClip);
            std::cout << szBuffer << std::endl;
            CloseHandle(hGlobalClip);
        }
    }
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

通信测试：

先运行进程一，在运行进程二

通信成功：

线程同步

线程同步之前发布过两篇文章讲解了，都是非常详细，这里可以直接移步【Windows线程开发】Windows线程同步技术（这一篇当时荣登微软技术领域榜top18），【线程安全问题】线程互斥与线程同步技术。

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

int g_value = 0;

DWORD ThreadCallBack(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
  for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  return 0;
}

DWORD ThreadCallBack1(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
    for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  return 0;
}

int main(){
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack,NULL,NULL);
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack1,NULL,NULL);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread1,INFNITE);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread2,INFNITE);
  std::cout<<g_value<<std:endl;
  system("pause"):
  return 0;
}

原子操作

InterlockesAdd((LONG volatile*)&g_value,1);

InterlockedExchangeAdd((volatile long*)&g_value,1);

临界区

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

int g_value = 0;
CRITICAL_SECTION g_Cs; 

DWORD ThreadCallBack(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
  EnterCricalSection(g_Cs);
  for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  LeaveCriticalSection(&g_Cs);
  return 0;
}

DWORD ThreadCallBack1(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
  EnterCricalSection(g_Cs);
    for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  LeaveCriticalSection(&g_Cs);
  return 0;
}

int main(){
  InitializeCriticalSection(&g_Cs);
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack,NULL,NULL);
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack1,NULL,NULL);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread1,INFNITE);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread2,INFNITE);
  std::cout<<g_value<<std:endl;
  DeleteCriticalSection(&g_Cs);
  system("pause"):
  return 0;
}

事件

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

int g_value = 0;
HANDLE hEvent;

DWORD ThreadCallBack(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
  WatiForSingleObject(g_Event,INFINITE);
  ResetEvent(g_ESvent);
  for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  SetEVent(g_Event);
  return 0;
}

DWORD ThreadCallBack1(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
  WatiForSingleObject(g_Event,INFINITE);
  ResetEvent(g_ESvent);
    for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  SetEVent(g_Event);
  return 0;
}

int main(){
  g_Event = CreateEvent(NULL,TRUE,TRUE,L"Event1");
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack,NULL,NULL);
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack1,NULL,NULL);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread1,INFNITE);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread2,INFNITE);
  std::cout<<g_value<<std:endl;
  system("pause"):
  return 0;
}

信号量

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

int g_value = 0;
HANDLE g_Semaphore;

DWORD ThreadCallBack(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
  WaitForSingleObjectEx(g_Semaphore,INFINITE,TRUE);
  for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  ReleaseSemaphore(g_Semaphore,1,NULL);
  return 0;
}

DWORD ThreadCallBack1(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
  WaitForSingleObjectEx(g_Semaphore,INFINITE,TRUE);
    for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  ReleaseSemaphore(g_Semaphore,1,NULL);
  return 0;
}

int main(){
  g_Semephore = CreateSemaphore(NULL,1,2,L"RSemaphore");
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack,NULL,NULL);
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack1,NULL,NULL);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread1,INFNITE);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread2,INFNITE);
  std::cout<<g_value<<std:endl;
  system("pause"):
  return 0;
}

互斥体

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

int g_value = 0;
HANDLE g_Mutex;

DWORD ThreadCallBack(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
  WaitForSingleObjectEx(g_Mutex,INFINITE,TRUE);
  for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  ReleaseMutex(g_Mutex);
  return 0;
}

DWORD ThreadCallBack1(LPVOID lpThreadParameter){
  WaitForSingleObjectEx(g_Mutex,INFINITE,TRUE);
    for(int i = 0;i<200000;i++){
    g_value++;
  }
  ReleaseMutex(g_Mutex);
  return 0;
}

int main(){
  g_Mutex = CreateMutex(NULL,FALSE,L"Mutex");
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack,NULL,NULL);
  HANDLE hThread1 = CreateThead(NULL,NULL,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadCallBack1,NULL,NULL);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread1,INFNITE);
  WaitSingleObject(hThread2,INFNITE);
  std::cout<<g_value<<std:endl;
  system("pause"):
  return 0;
}