相量法(用复数表达…)
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- 复数
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|F|cos\theta+|F|jsin\theta
∣F∣cosθ+∣F∣jsinθ
- ∣ F ∣ ( c o s θ + j s i n θ ) |F|(cos\theta+jsin\theta) ∣F∣(cosθ+jsinθ)
- ∣ F ∣ e θ j |F|e^{\theta j} ∣F∣eθj
- ∣ F ∣ ∠ θ |F|∠\theta ∣F∣∠θ
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- R e [ F ] Re[F] Re[F](后面简化用的)
- 实部
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- I m [ F ] Im[F] Im[F]
- 虚部
∣ F ∣ c o s θ + ∣ F ∣ j s i n θ \qquad\qquad\qquad\mid F\mid cos\theta+\mid F\mid jsin\theta ∣F∣cosθ+∣F∣jsinθ |
令 ∣ F ∣ = 2 I \mid F\mid =\sqrt {2}I ∣F∣=2I, θ = ω t + φ \theta=\omega t+φ θ=ωt+φ , , , |
∣ F ∣ \mid F\mid ∣F∣ → \to → 2 I c o s θ + 2 I j s i n θ \sqrt{2}Icos\theta+\sqrt{2}Ijsin\theta 2Icosθ+2Ijsinθ |
∣ θ ∣ \large\mid \theta\mid ∣θ∣ → \to → 2 I c o s ( ω t + φ ) + 2 I j s i n ( ω t + φ ) \sqrt{2}Icos(\omega t+φ)+\sqrt{2}Ijsin(\omega t+φ) 2Icos(ωt+φ)+2Ijsin(ωt+φ) |
⇒ \Large\Rightarrow ⇒ 2 I c o s ( ω t + φ ) ‾ + 2 I j s i n ( ω t + φ ) \qquad\underline{\sqrt{2}Icos(\omega t+φ)}+\sqrt{2}Ijsin(\omega t+φ) 2Icos(ωt+φ)+2Ijsin(ωt+φ) |
⇓ \Big\Downarrow ⇓ ‖ ∵ 2 I c o s ( w t + φ ) ‾ = R e [ . . . ] = i ( t ) i ( t ) 为实部 \because\underline{\sqrt{2}Icos(wt+φ)}=Re[...]=i(t)\qquad i(t)为实部 ∵2Icos(wt+φ)=Re[...]=i(t)i(t)为实部 |
复数形式 复数形式 复数形式 | L e t ∣ F ∣ = 2 I Let\mid\! F\!\mid=\sqrt {2}I Let∣F∣=2I, θ = ω t + φ \theta=\omega t+φ θ=ωt+φ | 实部表达 i ( t ) 实部表达i(t) 实部表达i(t) |
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∣ F ∣ c o s θ + ∣ F ∣ j s i n θ \mid \!F\!\mid cos\theta+\mid \!F\!\mid jsin\theta ∣F∣cosθ+∣F∣jsinθ | 2 I c o s ( ω t + φ ) + 2 I j s i n ( ω t + φ ) {\sqrt{2}Icos(\omega t+φ)}+\sqrt{2}Ijsin(\omega t+φ) 2Icos(ωt+φ)+2Ijsin(ωt+φ) | R e [ . . . ] Re[...] Re[...] |
∣ F ∣ ( c o s θ + j s i n θ ) \mid \!F\!\mid(cos\theta+jsin\theta) ∣F∣(cosθ+jsinθ) | 2 I ( c o s ( ω t + φ ) + j s i n ( ω t + φ ) ) \sqrt{2}I\big(cos(\omega t+φ)+jsin(\omega t+φ)\big) 2I(cos(ωt+φ)+jsin(ωt+φ)) | R e [ . . . ] Re[...] Re[...] |
∣ F ∣ e θ j \mid\!F\!\mid e^{\theta j} ∣F∣eθj | 2 I e ( w t + φ ) j \sqrt{2}Ie^{(wt+φ)j} 2Ie(wt+φ)j | R e [ 2 I e ( w t + φ ) j ] Re[\sqrt{2}Ie^{(wt+φ)j}] Re[2Ie(wt+φ)j] |
. . . | 2 I e w t j e φ j \sqrt{2}Ie^{wt\!j}e^{φj} 2Iewtjeφj | R e [ 2 I e w t j e φ j ] Re[\sqrt{2}Ie^{wt\!j}e^{φj}] Re[2Iewtjeφj] |
∣ F ∣ ∠ θ \mid\!F\!\mid ∠\theta ∣F∣∠θ |
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- I e φ j Ie^{φj} Ieφj
- I ∠ φ I\angleφ I∠φ
- 相量
- 为什么要命他两?
! \Large ! ! e π 2 j = ∠ 9 0 o = j e − π 2 j = ∠ − 9 0 o = − j = 1 j e ± π 2 j = ∠ ± 18 0 o = − 1 \qquad e^{{\pi\over2}\!{j}}=\angle90^o=j\\ \qquad e^{-{\pi\over2}\!{j}}=\angle\!\!-\!90^o=-j={1\over j}\\ \qquad e^{\pm{\pi\over2}\!{j}}=\angle\!\pm\!\!180^o=-1 e2πj=∠90o=je−2πj=∠−90o=−j=j1e±2πj=∠±180o=−1
后用相量法,及C、L性质
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\ i_c\to\stackrel{.}{I_c}\qquad u_c\to\stackrel{.}{U_c}
ic→Ic.uc→Uc.
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\ u_L\to\stackrel{.}{U}\qquad i_L\to\stackrel{.}{I_L}
uL→U.iL→IL.
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give-the-result-as-follows
give−the−result−as−follows
U L . = w j L I L . \large\stackrel{.}{U_L}=wjL\!\!\stackrel{.}{I_L} UL.=wjLIL.
I c . = w j C U c . \large\stackrel{.}{I_c}=wjC\!\!\stackrel{.}{U_c} Ic.=wjCUc.
I \large I I ∠ φ \large\angleφ ∠φ = I e φ j = I L . \large=Ie^{φj}=\stackrel{.}{I_L} =Ieφj=IL. = \large= = U L . w j L {\large\stackrel{.}{U_L}}\over\large{wjL} wjLUL. = = = U ∠ φ u j w L {\large U\!\angleφ_u}\over \large jwL jwLU∠φu
i ( t ) = 2 I c o s ( w t + φ i ) \large i(t)=\sqrt{2}Icos(wt+φ_i) i(t)=2Icos(wt+φi)
- 电容元件
- i c i_c ic u c u_c uc R c R_c Rc P c P_c Pc
- I c . \stackrel{.}{I_c} Ic. U c . \stackrel{.}{U_c} Uc. 1 w C 1\over wC wC1 1 w C j 1\over wCj wCj1
- 电容量
- C C C
- q u q\over u uq
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- 容抗
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- 电容阻抗
- 电感元件
- i L i_L iL u L u_L uL R L R_L RL P L P_L PL
- I L . \stackrel{.}{I_L} IL. U L . \stackrel{.}{U_L} UL. w L w\!L wL w L j w\!L\!j wLj
- 电感
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- ψ i L \psi\over i_L iLψ \ w L i L w_L\over i_L iLwL
- 磁通量和功什么关系
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- 感抗
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- 电感阻抗
- 阻抗
阻抗 Z ⊃ R 、 − w C j ⏟ 负容 、 w L j ⏟ 正感 阻抗Z\supset R、\!\underbrace{-\!wC\!j}_{负容}、\underbrace{wLj}_{正感} 阻抗Z⊃R、负容 −wCj、正感 wLj
( Z 是一个复数 ) (Z是一个复数) (Z是一个复数) 虚部 正呈感性 , 负呈容性 ‾ 虚部\underline{正呈感性,负呈容性} 虚部正呈感性,负呈容性
- 阻抗的串联/并联
- 电阻的串联/并联
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- 导纳
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- I U I\over U UI ∠ ( φ i − φ u ) ∠(φ_i-φ_u) ∠(φi−φu)
- ∣ Y ∣ ∠ φ y |Y|∠φ_y ∣Y∣∠φy
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- 导纳模
阻抗的倒数 - 导纳
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- I U I\over U UI ∠ ( φ i − φ u ) ∠(φ_i-φ_u) ∠(φi−φu)
- ∣ Y ∣ ∠ φ y |Y|∠φ_y ∣Y∣∠φy
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- 导纳模