DB2错误代码(SQL error codes)说明：解析与解决

🥕摘要

本文将深入探讨DB2数据库中的常见错误代码，解释它们的含义，并提供相应的解决方法。通过理解这些错误代码，您将能够更有效地诊断和解决问题，提升数据库管理的效率。

🥕引言

作为一款强大且广泛应用的数据库管理系统，IBM DB2在为企业级应用提供可靠数据存储解决方案的同时，也不可避免地会遇到各种错误。错误代码是DB2在出现问题时提供的关键信息，理解并正确解读这些代码是迅速定位、解决问题的关键。接下来，我们将详细解读一些常见的DB2错误代码。

🥕常见DB2错误代码解析

🫛SQLCODE -104

该错误表示在字符串或数据转换过程中发生了异常。通常是由于数据类型不匹配或数据溢出引起的。解决方法包括检查数据类型是否正确、调整数据长度等。

🫛SQLCODE -204

此错误指示在执行SQL语句时，发生了除法零错误。这通常是由于在数学运算中使用了零作为除数导致的。解决这个问题的方法包括验证数据完整性，避免零作为除数等。

🫛SQLCODE -305

指定的数据类型不匹配。这表示您尝试将一个不兼容的数据类型分配给一个变量或列。

🫛SQLCODE -501

参数数量不正确。这表示您尝试调用一个存储过程或函数时传递的参数数量与定义的参数数量不匹配。

🫛SQLCODE -551

无权限。这表示您尝试对某个对象执行操作，但是当前用户没有足够的权限来执行该操作。

🫛SQLCODE -668

通常表示由于有另一个程序正在访问同一数据库表而导致的资源忙错误。

🫛SQLCODE -803

这是一个连接错误，表示应用程序无法连接到DB2数据库。可能的原因包括网络故障、数据库不可用等。解决这个问题的方法包括检查网络连接、确认数据库状态等。

🫛SQLCODE -805

对象不存在或无效。这通常表示对表、视图、存储过程或其他数据库对象的引用不存在或无效。

🫛SQLCODE -818

计算失败。这表示计算失败，可能是因为您尝试执行一个二进制转换或算术运算失败。

🫛SQLCODE -904

这是一个授权错误，表示用户没有足够的权限来执行某个操作。解决这个问题的方法是检查用户的权限设置，确保用户拥有执行所需操作的适当权限。

🫛SQLCODE -911

这个错误指示所指定的对象（如表、视图或索引）不存在。可能是因为对象名拼写错误、对象尚未创建或者对象已被删除。解决方法包括检查对象名的拼写、确认对象是否已经创建以及检查对象是否被意外删除。

🫛SQLCODE -913

尝试超出表空间限制。这表示在尝试将数据添加到表空间时，已经到达或超过了该表空间的最大大小限制。

🫛SQLCODE -922

更改出错。这表示在执行ALTER TABLE语句时发生了错误，可能是由于无效的语法、指定无效的列或其他问题。

🫛SQLCODE -952

这是一个事务处理错误，表示事务被中断或回滚。这可能是由于死锁、存储空间不足或其他事务冲突引起的。解决方法包括检查并解决死锁情况、确保足够的存储空间以及调整事务的冲突解决策略。

🥕解决策略与最佳实践

在面临这些错误时，首先，我们需要理解并准确解读错误代码。其次，根据错误代码提示，我们可以采取相应的解决措施，例如修改SQL语句、调整数据类型、检查网络连接等。最后，预防总是优于治疗。因此，避免错误的最佳实践包括定期维护数据库、确保数据类型的一致性、执行SQL语句前进行充分测试等。

🥕结论

总的来说，熟悉并理解DB2的错误代码对于数据库管理员和开发人员都是至关重要的。通过对常见错误代码的深入了解，我们可以快速诊断并解决问题，提高数据库的运营效率和稳定性。同时，我们也应该注意采取预防措施，尽可能地避免错误的发生，以保障数据库的稳定运行。

除此之外还有很多SQL error codes，请参照官网

🥕官网SQLCODE 如下

-007
STATEMENT CONTAINS THE ILLEGAL CHARACTER invalid-character
-010
THE STRING CONSTANT BEGINNING string IS NOT TERMINATED
-011
COMMENT NOT CLOSED
-029
INTO CLAUSE REQUIRED
-051
identifier-name (sql-type) WAS PREVIOUSLY DECLARED OR REFERENCED
-056
AN SQLSTATE OR SQLCODE VARIABLE DECLARATION IS IN A NESTED COMPOUND STATEMENT
-057
THE RETURN STATEMENT IN AN SQL FUNCTION MUST RETURN A VALUE.
-058
VALUE SPECIFIED ON RETURN STATEMENT MUST BE AN INTEGER
-060
INVALID specification-type SPECIFICATION : specification-value
-078
PARAMETER NAMES MUST BE SPECIFIED FOR ROUTINE routine-name
-079
QUALIFIER FOR OBJECT name WAS SPECIFIED AS qualifier1 but qualifier2 IS REQUIRED
-084
UNACCEPTABLE SQL STATEMENT
-087
A NULL VALUE WAS SPECIFIED IN A CONTEXT WHERE A NULL IS NOT ALLOWED
-096
VARIABLE variable-name DOES NOT EXIST OR IS NOT SUPPORTED BY THE SERVER AND A DEFAULT VALUE WAS NOT PROVIDED
-097
THE USE OF LONG VARCHAR OR LONG VARGRAPHIC IS NOT ALLOWED IN THIS CONTEXT
-101
THE STATEMENT IS TOO LONG OR TOO COMPLEX
-102
STRING CONSTANT IS TOO LONG. STRING BEGINS string
-103
constant IS AN INVALID NUMERIC CONSTANT
-104
ILLEGAL SYMBOL "token". SOME SYMBOLS THAT MIGHT BE LEGAL ARE: token-list
-105
INVALID STRING
-107
THE NAME name-value IS TOO LONG. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SIZE IS maximum-size
-108
THE NAME name IS QUALIFIED INCORRECTLY
-109
clause-type CLAUSE IS NOT PERMITTED
-110
INVALID HEXADECIMAL CONSTANT BEGINNING constant
-111
AN AGGREGATE FUNCTION DOES NOT INCLUDE A COLUMN NAME
-112
THE OPERAND OF AN AGGREGATE FUNCTION INCLUDES AN AGGREGATE FUNCTION, AN OLAP SPECIFICATION, OR A SCALAR FULLSELECT
-113
INVALID CHARACTER FOUND IN: string, REASON CODE nnn
-114
THE LOCATION NAME location DOES NOT MATCH THE CURRENT SERVER
-115
A PREDICATE IS INVALID BECAUSE THE COMPARISON OPERATOR operator IS FOLLOWED BY A PARENTHESIZED LIST OR BY ANY OR ALL WITHOUT A SUBQUERY
-117
THE NUMBER OF VALUES ASSIGNED IS NOT THE SAME AS THE NUMBER OF SPECIFIED OR IMPLIED COLUMNS
-118
THE OBJECT TABLE OR VIEW OF THE DELETE OR UPDATE STATEMENT IS ALSO IDENTIFIED IN A FROM CLAUSE
-119
A COLUMN OR EXPRESSION IN A HAVING CLAUSE IS NOT VALID
-120
AN AGGREGATE FUNCTION OR OLAP SPECIFICATION IS NOT VALID IN THE CONTEXT IN WHICH IT WAS INVOKED
-121
THE TARGET name IS IDENTIFIED MORE THAN ONCE FOR ASSIGNMENT IN THE SAME SQL STATEMENT
-122
COLUMN OR EXPRESSION IN THE SELECT LIST IS NOT VALID
-123
THE PARAMETER IN POSITION n IN THE FUNCTION name MUST BE A CONSTANT OR KEYWORD
-125
AN INTEGER IN THE ORDER BY CLAUSE DOES NOT IDENTIFY A COLUMN OF THE RESULT
-126
THE SELECT STATEMENT CONTAINS BOTH AN UPDATE CLAUSE AND AN ORDER BY CLAUSE
-127
DISTINCT IS SPECIFIED MORE THAN ONCE IN A SUBSELECT
-128
INVALID USE OF NULL IN A PREDICATE
-129
THE STATEMENT CONTAINS TOO MANY TABLE NAMES
-130
THE ESCAPE CLAUSE CONSISTS OF MORE THAN ONE CHARACTER, OR THE STRING PATTERN CONTAINS AN INVALID OCCURRENCE OF THE ESCAPE CHARACTER
-131
STATEMENT WITH LIKE PREDICATE HAS INCOMPATIBLE DATA TYPES
-132
AN OPERAND OF value IS NOT VALID
-133
AN AGGREGATE FUNCTION IN A SUBQUERY OF A HAVING CLAUSE IS INVALID BECAUSE ALL COLUMN REFERENCES IN ITS ARGUMENT ARE NOT CORRELATED TO THE GROUP BY RESULT THAT THE HAVING CLAUSE IS APPLIED TO
-134
IMPROPER USE OF A STRING, LOB, XML, OR ARRAY VALUE
-136
SORT CANNOT BE EXECUTED BECAUSE THE SORT KEY LENGTH TOO LONG
-137
THE LENGTH RESULTING FROM operation IS GREATER THAN maximum-length
-138
THE SECOND OR THIRD ARGUMENT OF THE SUBSTR OR SUBSTRING FUNCTION IS OUT OF RANGE
-142
THE SQL STATEMENT IS NOT SUPPORTED
-144
INVALID SECTION NUMBER number
-147
ALTER FUNCTION function-name FAILED BECAUSE SOURCE FUNCTIONS OR SPATIAL FUNCTIONS CANNOT BE ALTERED
-148
THE SOURCE TABLE OR TABLESPACE source-name CANNOT BE ALTERED, REASON reason-code
-150
THE OBJECT OF THE INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE, MERGE, OR TRUNCATE STATEMENT IS A VIEW, SYSTEM-MAINTAINED MATERIALIZED QUERY TABLE, OR TRANSITION TABLE FOR WHICH THE REQUESTED OPERATION IS NOT PERMITTED
-151
THE UPDATE OPERATION IS INVALID BECAUSE THE CATALOG DESCRIPTION OF COLUMN column-name INDICATES THAT IT CANNOT BE UPDATED
-152
THE DROP clause CLAUSE IN THE ALTER STATEMENT IS INVALID BECAUSE constraint-name IS A constraint-type
-153
THE STATEMENT IS INVALID BECAUSE THE VIEW OR TABLE DEFINITION DOES NOT INCLUDE A UNIQUE NAME FOR EACH COLUMN
-154
THE STATEMENT FAILED BECAUSE VIEW OR TABLE DEFINITION IS NOT VALID
-156
THE STATEMENT DOES NOT IDENTIFY A TABLE
-157
ONLY A TABLE NAME CAN BE SPECIFIED IN A FOREIGN KEY CLAUSE. object-name IS NOT THE NAME OF A TABLE.
-158
THE NUMBER OF COLUMNS OR ARGUMENTS SPECIFIED FOR name IS NOT THE SAME AS THE NUMBER OF COLUMNS IN THE RESULT TABLE.
-159
THE STATEMENT REFERENCES object-name WHICH IDENTIFIES AN actual-type RATHER THAN AN expected-type
-160
THE WITH CHECK OPTION CLAUSE IS NOT VALID FOR THE SPECIFIED VIEW
-161
THE INSERT OR UPDATE IS NOT ALLOWED BECAUSE A RESULTING ROW DOES NOT SATISFY THE VIEW DEFINITION
-164
authorization-id DOES NOT HAVE THE PRIVILEGE TO CREATE A VIEW WITH QUALIFICATION qualifier-name
-170
THE NUMBER OF ARGUMENTS SPECIFIED FOR function-name IS INVALID
-171
THE DATA TYPE, LENGTH, OR VALUE OF ARGUMENT argument-position OF function-name IS INVALID
-173
UR IS SPECIFIED ON THE WITH CLAUSE BUT THE CURSOR IS NOT READ-ONLY
-180
THE DATE, TIME, OR TIMESTAMP VALUE value IS INVALID
-181
THE STRING REPRESENTATION OF A DATETIME VALUE IS NOT A VALID DATETIME VALUE
-182
AN ARITHMETIC EXPRESSION WITH A DATETIME VALUE IS INVALID
-183
AN ARITHMETIC OPERATION ON A DATE OR TIMESTAMP HAS A RESULT THAT IS NOT WITHIN THE VALID RANGE OF DATES
-184
AN ARITHMETIC EXPRESSION WITH A DATETIME VALUE CONTAINS A PARAMETER MARKER
-185
THE LOCAL FORMAT OPTION HAS BEEN USED WITH A DATE OR TIME AND NO LOCAL EXIT HAS BEEN INSTALLED
-186
THE LOCAL DATE LENGTH OR LOCAL TIME LENGTH HAS BEEN INCREASED AND EXECUTING PROGRAM RELIES ON THE OLD LENGTH
-187
A REFERENCE TO A CURRENT DATETIME SPECIAL REGISTER IS INVALID BECAUSE THE MVS TOD CLOCK IS BAD OR THE MVS PARMTZ IS OUT OF RANGE
-188
THE STRING REPRESENTATION OF A NAME IS INVALID
-189
CCSID ccsid IS INVALID
-190
THE ATTRIBUTES SPECIFIED FOR THE COLUMN table-name.column-name ARE NOT COMPATIBLE WITH THE EXISTING COLUMN DEFINITION
-191
A STRING CANNOT BE USED BECAUSE IT IS INVALID MIXED DATA
-195
LAST COLUMN OF table-name CANNOT BE DROPPED
-196
COLUMN table-name.column-name CANNOT BE DROPPED. REASON = reason-code.
-197
A QUALIFIED COLUMN NAME IS NOT ALLOWED IN THE ORDER BY CLAUSE WHEN A SET OPERATOR IS ALSO SPECIFIED
-198
THE OPERAND OF THE PREPARE OR EXECUTE IMMEDIATE STATEMENT IS BLANK OR EMPTY
-199
ILLEGAL USE OF KEYWORD keyword. TOKEN token-list WAS EXPECTED
-203
A REFERENCE TO COLUMN column-name IS AMBIGUOUS
-204
name IS AN UNDEFINED NAME
-205
column-name IS NOT A COLUMN OF TABLE table-name
-206
object-name IS NOT VALID IN THE CONTEXT WHERE IT IS USED
-208
THE ORDER BY CLAUSE IS INVALID BECAUSE COLUMN column-name IS NOT PART OF THE RESULT TABLE
-212
name IS SPECIFIED MORE THAN ONCE IN THE REFERENCING CLAUSE OF A TRIGGER DEFINITION
-214
AN EXPRESSION IN THE FOLLOWING POSITION, OR STARTING WITH position-or-expression-start IN THE clause-type CLAUSE IS NOT VALID. REASON CODE = reason-code
-216
THE NUMBER OF ELEMENTS ON EACH SIDE OF A PREDICATE OPERATOR DOES NOT MATCH. PREDICATE OPERATOR IS operator.
-219
THE REQUIRED EXPLANATION TABLE table-name DOES NOT EXIST
-220
THE COLUMN column-name IN EXPLANATION TABLE table-name IS NOT DEFINED PROPERLY
-221
“SET OF OPTIONAL COLUMNS” IN EXPLANATION TABLE table-name IS INCOMPLETE. OPTIONAL COLUMN column-name IS MISSING
-222
AN UPDATE OR DELETE OPERATION WAS ATTEMPTED AGAINST A HOLE USING CURSOR cursor-name
-224
THE RESULT TABLE DOES NOT AGREE WITH THE BASE TABLE USING cursor-name
-225
FETCH STATEMENT FOR cursor-name IS NOT VALID FOR THE DECLARATION OF THE CURSOR
-227
FETCH fetch-orientation IS NOT ALLOWED, BECAUSE CURSOR cursor-name HAS AN UNKNOWN POSITION (sqlcode,sqlstate)
-228
FOR UPDATE CLAUSE SPECIFIED FOR READ-ONLY CURSOR cursor-name
-229
THE LOCALE locale SPECIFIED IN A SET LC_CTYPE OR OTHER STATEMENT THAT IS LOCALE SENSITIVE WAS NOT FOUND
-240
THE PARTITION CLAUSE OF A LOCK TABLE STATEMENT IS INVALID
-242
THE OBJECT NAMED object-name OF TYPE object-type WAS SPECIFIED MORE THAN ONCE IN THE LIST OF OBJECTS, OR THE NAME IS THE SAME AS AN EXISTING OBJECT
-243
SENSITIVE CURSOR cursor-name CANNOT BE DEFINED FOR THE SPECIFIED SELECT STATEMENT
-244
SENSITIVITY sensitivity SPECIFIED ON THE FETCH IS NOT VALID FOR CURSOR cursor-name
-245
THE INVOCATION OF FUNCTION routine-name IS AMBIGUOUS
-246
STATEMENT USING CURSOR cursor-name SPECIFIED NUMBER OF ROWS num-rows WHICH IS NOT VALID WITH dimension
-247
A HOLE WAS DETECTED ON A MULTIPLE ROW FETCH STATEMENT USING CURSOR cursor-name, BUT INDICATOR VARIABLES WERE NOT PROVIDED TO DETECT THE CONDITION
-248
A POSITIONED DELETE OR UPDATE STATEMENT FOR CURSOR cursor-name SPECIFIED ROW n OF A ROWSET, BUT THE ROW IS NOT CONTAINED WITHIN THE CURRENT ROWSET
-249
DEFINITION OF ROWSET ACCESS FOR CURSOR cursor-name IS INCONSISTENT WITH THE FETCH ORIENTATION CLAUSE clause SPECIFIED
-250
THE LOCAL LOCATION NAME IS NOT DEFINED WHEN PROCESSING A THREE-PART OBJECT NAME
-251
TOKEN name IS NOT VALID
-253
A NON-ATOMIC statement STATEMENT SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETED FOR SOME OF THE REQUESTED ROWS, POSSIBLY WITH WARNINGS, AND ONE OR MORE ERRORS
-254
A NON-ATOMIC statement STATEMENT ATTEMPTED TO PROCESS MULTIPLE ROWS OF DATA, BUT ERRORS OCCURRED
-270
FUNCTION NOT SUPPORTED
-300
THE STRING CONTAINED IN HOST VARIABLE OR PARAMETER position-number IS NOT NUL-TERMINATED
-301
THE VALUE OF INPUT VARIABLE OR ARGUMENT NUMBER position-number CANNOT BE USED AS SPECIFIED BECAUSE OF ITS DATA TYPE
-302
THE VALUE OF INPUT VARIABLE OR PARAMETER NUMBER position-number IS INVALID OR TOO LARGE FOR THE TARGET COLUMN OR THE TARGET VALUE
-303
A VALUE CANNOT BE ASSIGNED TO VARIABLE NUMBER position-number BECAUSE THE DATA TYPES ARE NOT COMPATIBLE
-304
A VALUE WITH DATA TYPE data-type1 CANNOT BE ASSIGNED TO A HOST VARIABLE BECAUSE THE VALUE IS NOT WITHIN THE RANGE OF THE HOST VARIABLE IN POSITION position-number WITH DATA TYPE data-type2
-305
THE NULL VALUE CANNOT BE ASSIGNED TO OUTPUT HOST VARIABLE NUMBER position-number BECAUSE NO INDICATOR VARIABLE IS SPECIFIED
-309
A PREDICATE IS INVALID BECAUSE A REFERENCED HOST VARIABLE HAS THE NULL VALUE
-310
DECIMAL HOST VARIABLE OR PARAMETER number CONTAINS NON-DECIMAL DATA
-311
THE LENGTH OF INPUT HOST VARIABLE NUMBER position-number IS NEGATIVE OR GREATER THAN THE MAXIMUM
-312
VARIABLE variable-name IS NOT DEFINED OR NOT USABLE
-313
THE NUMBER OF HOST VARIABLES SPECIFIED IS NOT EQUAL TO THE NUMBER OF PARAMETER MARKERS
-314
THE STATEMENT CONTAINS AN AMBIGUOUS HOST VARIABLE REFERENCE
-327
THE ROW CANNOT BE INSERTED BECAUSE IT IS OUTSIDE THE BOUND OF THE PARTITION RANGE FOR THE LAST PARTITION
-330
A STRING CANNOT BE USED BECAUSE IT CANNOT BE PROCESSED. REASON reason-code, CHARACTER code-point, HOST VARIABLE position-number
-331
CHARACTER CONVERSION CANNOT BE PERFORMED BECAUSE A STRING, POSITION position-number, CANNOT BE CONVERTED FROM source-ccsid TO target-ccsid, REASON reason-code
-332
CHARACTER CONVERSION BETWEEN CCSID from-ccsid TO to-ccsid REQUESTED BY reason-code IS NOT SUPPORTED
-333
THE SUBTYPE OF A STRING VARIABLE IS NOT THE SAME AS THE SUBTYPE KNOWN AT BIND TIME AND THE DIFFERENCE CANNOT BE RESOLVED BY CHARACTER CONVERSION
-336
THE SCALE OF THE DECIMAL NUMBER MUST BE ZERO
-338
AN ON CLAUSE IS INVALID
-340
THE COMMON TABLE EXPRESSION name HAS THE SAME IDENTIFIER AS ANOTHER OCCURRENCE OF A COMMON TABLE EXPRESSION DEFINITION WITHIN THE SAME STATEMENT
-341
A CYCLIC REFERENCE EXISTS BETWEEN THE COMMON TABLE EXPRESSIONS name1 AND name2
-342
THE COMMON TABLE EXPRESSION name MUST NOT USE SELECT DISTINCT AND MUST USE UNION ALL BECAUSE IT IS RECURSIVE
-343
THE COLUMN NAMES ARE REQUIRED FOR THE RECURSIVE COMMON TABLE EXPRESSION name
-344
THE RECURSIVE COMMON TABLE EXPRESSION name HAS MISMATCHED DATA TYPES OR LENGTHS OR CODE PAGE FOR COLUMN column-name
-345
THE FULLSELECT OF THE RECURSIVE COMMON TABLE EXPRESSION name MUST BE A UNION ALL AND MUST NOT INCLUDE AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS, GROUP BY CLAUSE, HAVING CLAUSE, OR AN EXPLICIT JOIN INCLUDING AN ON CLAUSE
-346
AN INVALID REFERENCE TO COMMON TABLE EXPRESSION name OCCURS IN THE FIRST FULLSELECT, AS A SECOND OCCURRENCE IN THE SAME FROM CLAUSE, OR IN THE FROM CLAUSE OF A SUBQUERY
-348
sequence-expression CANNOT BE SPECIFIED IN THIS CONTEXT
-350
column-name WAS IMPLICITLY OR EXPLICITLY REFERENCED IN A CONTEXT IN WHICH IT CANNOT BE USED
-351
AN UNSUPPORTED SQLTYPE WAS ENCOUNTERED IN POSITION position-number OF THE SELECT-LIST
-352
AN UNSUPPORTED SQLTYPE WAS ENCOUNTERED IN POSITION position-number OF THE INPUT-LIST
-353
FETCH IS NOT ALLOWED, BECAUSE CURSOR cursor-name HAS AN UNKNOWN POSITION
-354