题目

二进制
666：1010011010
888：1101111000

varint：
666：1001101000000101
888：1111100000000110

ZiaZag
using System;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
class Program
{
static int[] HexNum = {0x268cb43, 0x7ff, 0x2b7b, 0x123a, 0xf6, 0x282};

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        foreach (int nNum in HexNum)
        {
            int nValue = Convert.ToInt32(nNum);
            int nOut = (nValue >> 1) ^ -(nValue & 1);

            Console.WriteLine(nOut);
        }
    }
}

}

穿越峡谷

解题思路：
贪心算法，从第1位开始：每个位置都计算自己能达到的最远距离，同时每个位置要判断自己是否可达，
也就是本位置需要在当前最远能到达的距离中。最终计算出来能到达的最远距离，与数组长度比较即可。

using System;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(“输入数字数组(包含中括号)：”);
string strRead = Console.ReadLine().Trim();
string[] arrStrNum = null;
int[] arrIntNum = null;
bool bCanJump = false;

        strRead = strRead.Substring(1, strRead.Length - 2);
        arrStrNum = strRead.Split(",");
        arrIntNum = new int[arrStrNum.Length];

        for (int i = 0; i < arrStrNum.Length; i++)
        {
            arrIntNum[i] = Convert.ToInt32(arrStrNum[i]);
        }

        bCanJump = CanJump(arrIntNum);
        Console.WriteLine(bCanJump.ToString().ToLower());
    }

    /*
    解题思路：
        贪心算法，从第1位开始：每个位置都计算自己能达到的最远距离，同时每个位置要判断自己是否可达，
        也就是本位置需要在当前最远能到达的距离中。最终计算出来能到达的最远距离，与数组长度比较即可。
    */
    static bool CanJump(int[] arrNum)
    {
        int nLen = arrNum.Length;

        if (nLen == 1)
        {
            return true;
        }

        // 覆盖范围
        int nCoverRange = arrNum[0];

        for (int i = 1; i <= nCoverRange; i++)
        {
            // 更新下：当前位置能达到的最远位置
            nCoverRange = Math.Max(nCoverRange, i + arrNum[i]);

            // 如果最远位置达到最后一位，则能通过
            if (nCoverRange >= nLen - 1)
            {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }
}

}

C求P
using System;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(“输入C（百分比）：”);
string strRead = Console.ReadLine().Trim();
double dReadNum = 0d;
string strResult = null;

        strRead = strRead.Substring(0, strRead.Length - 1);
        dReadNum = Convert.ToDouble(strRead);
        strResult = GetP(dReadNum).ToString() + "%";

        Console.WriteLine(strResult);
    }

    static int GetP(double dC)
    {
        int nCount = (int)Math.Ceiling(100.0d / dC);

        if (nCount == 1)
        {
            return 100;
        }

        double dNum;
        double dSum = 0;
        double dResult = 0;

        for (int i = 0; i < nCount; i++)
        {
            double dKey = Math.Min(100, (dC * (i + 1)));
            
            dNum = (1 - dSum / 100) * dKey;
            dSum = dSum + dNum;
            dResult = dResult + dNum * (i + 1);
        }
        return (int)Math.Round(10000 / dResult);
    }
}

}

P求C
using System;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(“输入P（百分比）：”);
string strRead = Console.ReadLine().Trim();
int nReadNum = 0;
string strResult = null;

        strRead = strRead.Substring(0, strRead.Length - 1);
        nReadNum = (int)Convert.ToDouble(strRead);
        strResult = GetC(nReadNum).ToString() + "%";

        Console.WriteLine(strResult);
    }

    static int GetP(double dC)
    {
        int nCount = (int)Math.Ceiling(100.0d / dC);

        if (nCount == 1)
        {
            return 100;
        }

        double dNum = 0;
        double dSum = 0;
        double dResult = 0;

        for (int i = 0; i < nCount; i++)
        {
            double dKey = Math.Min(100, (dC * (i + 1)));
            
            dNum = (1 - dSum / 100) * dKey;
            dSum = dSum + dNum;
            dResult = dResult + dNum * (i + 1);
        }
        return (int)Math.Round(10000 / dResult);
    }

    static int GetC(int nP)
    {
        double dLow = 0.0d;
        double dHigh = 100.0d;
        int nResult = 0;

        while (dLow <= dHigh)
        {
            double dMid = (dLow + dHigh) / 2;
            int nResultP = GetP(dMid);

            if (nResultP == nP)
            {
                nResult = (int)Math.Round(dMid);

                break;
            }
            if (nResultP < nP)
            {
                dLow = dMid + 1;
            }
            else
            {
                dHigh = dMid - 1;
            }
        }

        return nResult;
    }
}

}

UTF8
using System;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(“输入数据：”);
string strRead = Console.ReadLine().Trim();
string[] arrStrUTF8 = strRead.Split(","); ;
byte[] arrByteUTF8 = new byte[arrStrUTF8.Length];

        for(int i = 0; i < arrStrUTF8.Length; i++)
        {
            arrByteUTF8[i] = Convert.ToByte(arrStrUTF8[i], 16);
        }

        Console.WriteLine(ValidUTF8(arrByteUTF8) ? 1 : 0);
    }

    static bool ValidUTF8(byte[] arrUTF8)
    {
        int n = 0;

        for (int i = 0; i < arrUTF8.Length; i++)
        {

            byte b = arrUTF8[i];

            if (n > 0)
            {
                if (b >> 6 != 0b10) return false;
                n--;
            }
            else if (b >> 7 == 0)
            {
                n = 0;
            }
            else if (b >> 5 == 0b110)
            {
                n = 1;
            }
            else if (b >> 4 == 0b1110)
            {
                n = 2;
            }
            else if (b >> 3 == 0b11110)
            {
                n = 3;
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return n == 0;
    }
}

}

Unicode
using System;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(“输入数据：”);
string strRead = Console.ReadLine().Trim();
string[] arrStrUTF8 = strRead.Split(","); ;
byte[] arrByteUTF8 = new byte[arrStrUTF8.Length];

        for (int i = 0; i < arrStrUTF8.Length; i++)
        {
            arrByteUTF8[i] = Convert.ToByte(arrStrUTF8[i], 16);
        }

        Console.WriteLine(GetUnicodeCount(arrByteUTF8));
    }

    static int GetUnicodeCount(byte[] arrUTF8)
    {
        int n = 0;
        int nCount = 0;

        for (int i = 0; i < arrUTF8.Length; i++)
        {

            byte b = arrUTF8[i];

            if (n > 0)
            {
                if (b >> 6 != 0b10) return 0;
                n--;
            }
            else if (b >> 7 == 0)
            {
                n = 0;
                nCount++;
            }
            else if (b >> 5 == 0b110)
            {
                n = 1;
                nCount++;
            }
            else if (b >> 4 == 0b1110)
            {
                n = 2;
                nCount++;
            }
            else if (b >> 3 == 0b11110)
            {
                n = 3;
                nCount++;
            }
            else
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }
        return nCount;
    }
}

}

二进制
256：100000000
257：100000001
511：111111111
512：1000000000

二次幂
using System;

namespace ConsoleApp3
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(“输入数据：”);
string strRead = Console.ReadLine().Trim();
long nReadNum = Convert.ToInt64(strRead);

        Console.WriteLine(IsPower2(nReadNum) ? 1 : 0);
    }

    static bool IsPower2(long nNum)
    {
        if (nNum < 1)
        {
            return false;
        }

        return (nNum & (nNum - 1)) == 0;
    }
}

}