Find the unknown digit

问题

给出一个计算表达式例如：

19--4=2?

返回？可能代表的最小数字，注意：

1. ？表示0-9中的任意一个数字，且？只出现在数字中。
2. ？的值不能是表达式中已经存在的
3. 表达式中不能有0开头的两位以上的数字

例子

assertEquals( "Answer for expression '1+1=?' " , 2 , Runes.solveExpression("1+1=?") );
    assertEquals( "Answer for expression '123*45?=5?088' " , 6 , Runes.solveExpression("123*45?=5?088") );
    assertEquals( "Answer for expression '-5?*-1=5?' " , 0 , Runes.solveExpression("-5?*-1=5?") );
    assertEquals( "Answer for expression '19--45=5?' " , -1 , Runes.solveExpression("19--45=5?") );
    assertEquals( "Answer for expression '??*??=302?' " , 5 , Runes.solveExpression("??*??=302?") );
    assertEquals( "Answer for expression '?*11=??' " , 2 , Runes.solveExpression("?*11=??") );
    assertEquals( "Answer for expression '??*1=??' " , 2 , Runes.solveExpression("??*1=??") );

我的代码

package codewars;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;


public class Runes {
    public static Pattern p = Pattern.compile("(-*[0-9?]+)([\\*\\+-])(-*[0-9?]+)=(-*[0-9?]+)$");
    public static int solveExpression( final String expression ) {
        int missingDigit = -1;
        Matcher m = p.matcher(expression);
        m.find();
        String a = m.group(1);
        String operator = m.group(2);
        String b = m.group(3);
        String result = m.group(4);

        List<Integer> list =  IntStream.range(0, 10).filter(e -> !(a.contains(e+"") ||  b.contains(e+"") ||  result.contains(e+""))).filter(e -> {
            if (e == 0) {
                String a1 = a.replaceAll("-", "");
                String b1 = b.replaceAll("-", "");
                String result1 = result.replaceAll("-", "");
                if ((a1.startsWith("?") && a1.length() > 1) || (b1.startsWith("?") && b1.length() > 1) || (result1.startsWith("?") && result1.length() > 1)) {
                    return false;
                }

            }
            Integer v1 = Integer.parseInt(a.replaceAll("\\?", e+""));
            Integer v2 = Integer.parseInt(b.replaceAll("\\?", e+""));
            Integer v3 = Integer.parseInt(result.replaceAll("\\?", e+""));
            switch (operator) {
                case "+":
                    return (v1 + v2) == v3;
                case "-":
                    return (v1 - v2) == v3;
                case "*":
                    return (v1 * v2) == v3;
                default:
                    return false;
            }
        }).boxed().collect(Collectors.toList());
        if (list.size() == 0) {
            return missingDigit;
        } else {
            return list.get(0);
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(Runes.solveExpression("19--4=2?"));
    }
}

分析

这道题不难，思路无非就是穷举所有可能的？值。主要是写正则表达式花了比较长时间。