Fragment详解（四)

Fragment详解（一）
Fragment详解（二）
Fragment详解（三）

---

• Fragment与Activity之间的通信
  一种回调接口的方式实现通信，接口写在Fragment

ContainerActivity

package com.example.test0508.fragment;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;


import com.example.test0508.R;

public class ContainerActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AFragment.IOnMessageClick {

    private AFragment aFragment;
    private TextView mTvContainerTitle;



    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_container);
        mTvContainerTitle = findViewById(R.id.tv_container_title);
        //实例化AFragment
        aFragment = AFragment.newInstance("我是修改后的标题");
        //把AFragment添加到Activity中
        getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.fl_container,aFragment,"a").commitAllowingStateLoss();
    }

    /**
     * 不推荐
     * @param text
     */
    public void setData(String text){
        mTvContainerTitle.setText(text);
    }

    /**
     * 通过回调接口实现数据的传递
     */
    @Override
    public void onClick(String text) {
        mTvContainerTitle.setText(text);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingTop="10dp"
    >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_container_title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:textColor="@color/colorBlack"
        android:text="Hello"

        />

    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_below="@+id/tv_container_title"
        android:id="@+id/fl_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"

        />



</RelativeLayout>

---

AFragment（里面写接口，里面attach回调）

package com.example.test0508.fragment;


import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import com.example.test0508.R;

public class AFragment extends Fragment {
    private TextView mTvTitle;
    private Button mBtnChange;
    private Button mBtnReset;
    private BFragment bFragment;
    private Button mBtnMessage;
    private IOnMessageClick listener;

    //想要可以传参，写一个静态方法
    public static AFragment newInstance(String title){
        AFragment fragment = new AFragment();
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("title",title);
        fragment.setArguments(bundle);
        return fragment;
    }

    /**
     * 设置布局文件
     */
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_a,container,false);
        Log.d("AFragment","---onCreateView---");
        return view;
    }

    /**
     * findViewById 就可以做其他事情
     */
    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
        mTvTitle = view.findViewById(R.id.tv_fragment_a);
        mBtnChange = view.findViewById(R.id.btn_change);
        mBtnReset = view.findViewById(R.id.btn_reset);
        mBtnMessage = view.findViewById(R.id.btn_message);
        //点击它之后，把Fragment替换掉
        mBtnChange.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if (bFragment == null){
                    //需要实例化
                    bFragment = new BFragment();
                }
                Fragment fragment = getFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("a");
                if (fragment != null){
                    //隐藏它,保持状态的
                    getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().hide(fragment).add(R.id.fl_container,bFragment).addToBackStack(null).commitAllowingStateLoss();
                }else {
                    //replace会导致前一个视图不会被保存下来
                    getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fl_container,bFragment).addToBackStack(null).commitAllowingStateLoss();
                }

            }
        });

        mBtnReset.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                mTvTitle.setText("这是点击之后修改的新文字");
            }
        });
        if (getArguments() != null){
            mTvTitle.setText(getArguments().getString("title"));
        }

        mBtnMessage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
//      不推荐          ((ContainerActivity)getActivity()).setData("我不是之前那个Hello");
                listener.onClick("我不是之前那个Hello");

            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onAttach(@NonNull Context context) {
        super.onAttach(context);
        try {
            listener = (IOnMessageClick) context;
        }catch (ClassCastException e){
            throw new ClassCastException("Activity必须实现这个接口");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 通过回调接口实现数据的传递,让Activity来实现他
     */
    public interface IOnMessageClick{
        void onClick(String text);
    }

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_message"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="给Activity传递消息"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_change"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="更换为BFragment"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_reset"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="更换为TextView的文字内容"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_fragment_a"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:text="我是Fragment A"
        android:gravity="center"
        />


</LinearLayout>