Vector可理解为数组
容器:vector
算法:for_each
迭代器:vector<int>::iterator
向容器中添加数据并打印,Demo1:
#include <iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
void myPrint(int val)
{
cout << val << endl;
}
void test01()
{
vector<int> v;
//插入数据,尾插法
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(40);
v.push_back(50);
//通过迭代器访问容器中的数据
vector<int>::iterator itBegin = v.begin();//起始迭代器,指向容器中第一个元素的位置
vector<int>::iterator itEnd = v.end();//结束迭代器,指向容器中最后一个元素的最后一个位置
//第一种访问方式遍历
while (itBegin != itEnd)
{
cout << *itBegin << endl;
itBegin++;
}
//第二种遍历方式
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << endl;
}
//第三种,利用STL中提供的遍历算法,头文件在algorithm中
for_each(v.begin(), v.end(), myPrint);
}
int main()
{
test01();
std::cout << "Hello World!\n";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
容器中存储的是自定义的数据类型,Demo2:
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
//vector容器中存放自定义数据类型
class Person
{
public:
Person(string name, int age)
{
this->m_name = name;
this->m_age = age;
}
string m_name;
int m_age;
};
void test01()
{
vector<Person>v;
Person p1("aaa",10);
Person p2("bbb", 20);
Person p3("ccc", 30);
Person p4("ddd", 40);
Person p5("eee", 50);
//向容器中添加数据
v.push_back(p1);
v.push_back(p2);
v.push_back(p3);
v.push_back(p4);
v.push_back(p5);
//遍历容器中的数据
for (vector<Person>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
//cout << "姓名:" << (*it).m_name << " 年龄:" << (*it).m_age << endl; //解引用的方式访问
cout << "姓名:" << it->m_name << " 年龄:" << it->m_age << endl;
}
}
//存放自定义的数据类型指针
void test02()
{
vector<Person*>v;//相当于保存的是地址
Person p1("aaa", 10);
Person p2("bbb", 20);
Person p3("ccc", 30);
Person p4("ddd", 40);
Person p5("eee", 50);
//向容器中添加数据的地址
v.push_back(&p1);
v.push_back(&p2);
v.push_back(&p3);
v.push_back(&p4);
v.push_back(&p5);
//遍历容器中的数据
for (vector<Person *>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << "姓名:" << (*it)->m_name << " 年龄:" << (*it)->m_age << endl;
//cout << "姓名:" << (*(*it)).m_name << " 年龄:" << (*(*it)).m_age << endl; //解引用的方式访问
}
}
int main()
{
test02();
return 0;
}
vector容器的嵌套使用,Demo:
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
void test01()
{
//
vector<vector<int>> v;
//创建小容器
vector<int> v1;
vector<int> v2;
vector<int> v3;
vector<int> v4;
//向小容器中添加数据
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
v1.push_back(i + 1);
v2.push_back(i + 2);
v3.push_back(i + 3);
v4.push_back(i + 4);
}
//将小容器插入到大容器中
v.push_back(v1);
v.push_back(v2);
v.push_back(v3);
v.push_back(v4);
//通过大容器将所有数据都遍历一遍,打印输出
for (vector<vector<int>>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
//(*it)表示容器vector<int>
for (vector<int>::iterator vit = (*it).begin(); vit != (*it).end(); vit++)
{
cout << *vit << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}