go-prometheus业务监控指标实战(二)

本文主主要是对上文的补充，关于 Prometheus及grafana 的安装配置就参考上文 go-prometheus业务监控指标实战 。本文主要讲解的是 Histogram和Summary的案例。并且结合案例配置自动告警机制。

案例代码

案例 Histogram 统计班级人数的考试分数(value)，每个人有subject(学科)和age(年龄)两个属性(label)

代码

main.go

package main

import (
	"net/http"

	qzPro "gitee.com/qzcsu/go-web-study/service/prometheus"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
)

func main() {
   
	prometheus.MustRegister(qzPro.CommonCounter, qzPro.FuncCounter, qzPro.VecCounter, qzPro.CommonGauge, qzPro.FuncGauge, qzPro.VecGauge,
		qzPro.CommonHistogram, qzPro.VecHistogram, qzPro.CommonSummary, qzPro.VecSummary)
	http.HandleFunc("/common_counter", qzPro.DealCommCounter)
	http.HandleFunc("/vec_counter", qzPro.DealVecCounter)
	http.HandleFunc("/common_gauge", qzPro.DealCommGauge)
	http.HandleFunc("/vec_gauge", qzPro.DealVecGauge)
	http.HandleFunc("/common_histogram", qzPro.DealCommHistogram)
	http.HandleFunc("/vec_histogram", qzPro.DealVecHistogram)
	http.Handle("/metrics", promhttp.Handler()) // 暴露 metrics 指标
	http.ListenAndServe(":8090", nil)
}

service/prometheus/constants.go

package prometheus

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"strconv"

	"gitee.com/qzcsu/go-web-study/utils/randomutil"
)

const (
	namePrefix = "the_number_of_student"
	subSys     = "client_golang"
	nameSpace  = "prometheus_demo"
)

var names = []string{
   "小明", "小红", "小花"}
var ages = []int64{
   20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25}
var subjects = []string{
   "语文", "数学", "体育"}

func GetParamNum(req *http.Request) int64 {
   
	err := req.ParseForm()
	if err != nil {
   
		fmt.Println("parse form err")
		return 0
	}
	numStr := req.Form.Get("num")
	fmt.Printf("numStr:[%v]\n", numStr)
	num, err := strconv.ParseInt(numStr, 10, 64)
	if err != nil {
   
		fmt.Printf("parse int err :%v\n", err)
		return 0
	}
	return num
}

// randData随机获取一个元素，并且将本次请求的随机元素统计到countStrMap
func getCurRandomStrMap(countStrMap map[string]int64, randData []string) string {
   
	index := randomutil.RandomNum(0, int64(len(randData)))
	randVal := randData[index]
	countStrMap[randVal] = countStrMap[randVal] + 1
	return randVal
}

// randData随机获取一个元素，并且将本次请求的随机元素统计到countIntMap
func getCurRandomIntMap(countIntMap map[int64]int64, randData []int64) string {
   
	index := randomutil.RandomNum(0, int64(len(randData)))
	randVal := randData[index]
	countIntMap[randVal] = countIntMap[randVal] + 1
	return fmt.Sprintf("%d", randVal)
}

service/prometheus/histogram.go

package prometheus

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"sort"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"

	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"

	"gitee.com/qzcsu/go-web-study/utils/randomutil"
)

const HistogramNamePrefix = namePrefix + "_histogram"

// CommonHistogram 普通的直方图
var commonHistogramTotalCount int64
var totalHistogramCommonPoint []float64
var CommonHistogram = prometheus.NewHistogram(
	prometheus.HistogramOpts{
   
		Subsystem: subSys,
		Namespace: nameSpace,
		Help:      "desc the metric",
		Name:      fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", HistogramNamePrefix, "common"),
		// DefBuckets = []float64{.005, .01, .025, .05, .1, .25, .5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10} //默认的分桶
		// 定义桶 (开始值-步长-桶个数) 定义的bucket 小于等于某个桶的count数 prometheus.LinearBuckets(20, 3, 5) 指的是 [20,23],(23,26],(26,29],(29,+q)
		Buckets: prometheus.LinearBuckets(60, 10, 5),
	},
)

// 创建一个常量的直方图
var ConstHistogram, _ = prometheus.NewConstHistogram(
	prometheus.NewDesc(
		fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", HistogramNamePrefix, "const"),
		"A histogram of the HTTP request durations.",
		[]string{
   "code", "method"},
		prometheus.Labels{
   "owner": "example", "头衔": "将军"},
	),
	4711,