短信验证码作为一种验证方式，已经普遍存在于各种App中，通常由于网络、手机设置等各种原因，用户不能正常接收到App下发给用户的短信验证码，所以需要通过用户上送短信的方式来完成验证。最近在实现这个功能时遇到了有意思的事情，顺便研究下并记录下来。
1. 功能描述：App中提供按钮，点击时跳到短信编辑页面，将之前从服务器获取的目标号码和发送内容填充在该页面。
2. 功能实现：通过Intent跳转方式实现
1）使用Activity.startActivity()
/**
* 跳转至发送短信编辑界面，Activity跳转方式
* @param smsUpNumber
* @param smsContent
*/
private void sendSMS(String smsUpNumber,String smsContent)
{
Log.d("[RLIGHT]","send SMS, number " + smsUpNumber + " content " + smsContent);
Uri smsToUri = Uri.parse("smsto:" + smsUpNumber);
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, smsToUri);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", smsContent);
startActivity(intent);
} /**
* 跳转至发送短信编辑界面，Context跳转方式
* @param smsUpNumber
* @param smsContent
*/
private void sendSMS1(String smsUpNumber,String smsContent)
{
Log.d("[RLIGHT]","send SMS 1, number " + smsUpNumber + " content " + smsContent);
Uri smsToUri = Uri.parse("smsto:" + smsUpNumber);
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, smsToUri);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", smsContent);
getApplicationContext().startActivity(intent);
}首先，在一台6.0的测试机上闪退，报错如下：
E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example.rlight.smstest, PID: 12800
android.util.AndroidRuntimeException: Calling startActivity() from outside of an Activity context requires the FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK flag. Is this really what you want?
at android.app.ContextImpl.startActivity(ContextImpl.java:757)
at android.app.ContextImpl.startActivity(ContextImpl.java:737)
at android.content.ContextWrapper.startActivity(ContextWrapper.java:331)
at com.example.rlight.smstest.MainActivity.sendSMS1(MainActivity.java:82)
at com.example.rlight.smstest.MainActivity.access$200(MainActivity.java:13)
at com.example.rlight.smstest.MainActivity$2.onClick(MainActivity.java:36)
根据报错提示，可以知道在Context中使用startActivit需要设置FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK，查看API23的源码，发现也是说明了这一点的，如下：
/**
* Launch a new activity. You will not receive any information about when
* the activity exits.
*
* <p>Note that if this method is being called from outside of an
* {@link android.app.Activity} Context, then the Intent must include
* the {@link Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK} launch flag. This is because,
* without being started from an existing Activity, there is no existing
* task in which to place the new activity and thus it needs to be placed
* in its own separate task.
*
* <p>This method throws {@link ActivityNotFoundException}
* if there was no Activity found to run the given Intent.
*
* @param intent The description of the activity to start.
* @param options Additional options for how the Activity should be started.
* May be null if there are no options. See {@link android.app.ActivityOptions}
* for how to build the Bundle supplied here; there are no supported definitions
* for building it manually.
*
* @throws ActivityNotFoundException
*
* @see #startActivity(Intent)
* @see PackageManager#resolveActivity
*/
public abstract void startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK ); // 使用Context的startActivity需要如此设置调用Activity中的startActivity则可以不用添加该标识，因为新Activity默认存在在调用Activity的task中，在对应源码中也说明了这一点，如下：
/**
* Launch a new activity. You will not receive any information about when
* the activity exits. This implementation overrides the base version,
* providing information about
* the activity performing the launch. Because of this additional
* information, the {@link Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK} launch flag is not
* required; if not specified, the new activity will be added to the
* task of the caller.
*
* <p>This method throws {@link android.content.ActivityNotFoundException}
* if there was no Activity found to run the given Intent.
*
* @param intent The intent to start.
* @param options Additional options for how the Activity should be started.
* See {@link android.content.Context#startActivity(Intent, Bundle)
* Context.startActivity(Intent, Bundle)} for more details.
*
* @throws android.content.ActivityNotFoundException
*
* @see {@link #startActivity(Intent)}
* @see #startActivityForResult
*/
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) {
if (options != null) {
startActivityForResult(intent, -1, options);
} else {
// Note we want to go through this call for compatibility with
// applications that may have overridden the method.
startActivityForResult(intent, -1);
}
}然而，到这里还没有结束，发现了两个奇怪的地方，如下：
第一，7.0＋的设备上不存在这个问题，即使用Context的startActivity时，Intent不需要添加FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK标识，查看对应API24、API25源码注释，注释中明确注明需要该标识，可是实际运行并不需要，这个问题暂时没找到合理的解释。
第二，为了实现每次调用发送不同验证码的效果，在点击并跳往短信编辑页面时，smsContent传入的内容每次都不同。当在短信界面按返回键返回至App中，再次调用sendSMS1方法跳往短信界面，编辑的内容更新了，然而，如果不是返回键，而是通过home键切换后台的方式切回App，再调用sendSMS1方法跳往短信界面，神奇的发现短信界面保留的是旧的内容而没更新。经过研究发现，这种问题可以通过增加Intent的Flag标识FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY来解决。如下：
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY);该标识的解释如下：
/**
* If set, the new activity is not kept in the history stack. As soon as
* the user navigates away from it, the activity is finished. This may also
* be set with the {@link android.R.styleable#AndroidManifestActivity_noHistory
* noHistory} attribute.
*
* <p>If set, {@link android.app.Activity#onActivityResult onActivityResult()}
* is never invoked when the current activity starts a new activity which
* sets a result and finishes.
*/
public static final int FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY = 0x40000000;Intent中各标识的解释用法可参照：http://blog.csdn.net/guiwang2008/article/details/21184383
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