使用python-for-android打包apk

上次分享了使用buildozer打包apk的方法，虽然buildozer可以实现自动化打包apk，但过程漫长，且磁盘空间消耗比较大。因为buildozer打包apk实际上是使用python-for-android实现的，所以这次我和大家分享如何使用python-for-android打包apk。

注意，python-for-android打包apk同样需要在Linux系统中运行。

1 工作目录

当前目录：~/apk-ex

代码目录：~/apk-ex/src

虚拟环境：~/apk-ex/venv

依赖库：kivy[base]==2.2.1

2 安装软件

2.1 python-for-android

python -m pip install python-for-android==2023.9.16 -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple

2.2 必要的依赖项

• ant
• autoconf (for libffi and other recipes)
• automake
• ccache (optional)
• cmake (required for some native code recipes like jpeg’s recipe)
• cython (can be installed via pip)
• gcc
• git
• libncurses (including 32 bit)
• libtool (for libffi and recipes)
• libssl-dev (for TLS/SSL support on hostpython3 and recipe)
• openjdk-17
• patch
• python3
• unzip
• virtualenv (can be installed via pip)
• zlib (including 32 bit)
• zip

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential ccache git zlib1g-dev python3 python3-dev libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386 zlib1g:i386 openjdk-17-jdk unzip ant ccache autoconf libtool libssl-dev

2.3 Android SDK

2.3.1 安装命令行工具

wget https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-linux-9123335_latest.zip
mkdir android-sdk
unzip commandlinetools-linux-9123335_latest.zip -d android-sdk
mkdir android-sdk/cmdline-tools/latest
mv android-sdk/cmdline-tools/lib android-sdk/cmdline-tools/bin android-sdk/cmdline-tools/NOTICE.txt android-sdk/cmdline-tools/source.properties -t android-sdk/cmdline-tools/latest
export PATH=./android-sdk/cmdline-tools/latest/bin:$PATH

2.3.2 下载Android SDK和NDK

sdkmanager "build-tools;26.0.3"
sdkmanager "platforms;android-26"
sdkmanager "ndk;25.2.9519653"
sdkmanager "system-images;android-26;default;arm64-v8a"
sdkmanager "system-images;android-26;google_apis;arm64-v8a"
sdkmanager "ndk-bundle"
sdkmanager "sources;android-26"
sdkmanager "add-ons;addon-google_apis-google-24"

2.4 编辑~/.gitconfig

[url "https://hub.nuaa.cf/"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/
[url "https://gitee.com/libsdl-org/jpeg.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/libsdl-org/jpeg.git
[url "https://gitee.com/libsdl-org/libpng.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/libsdl-org/libpng.git
[url "https://gitee.com/libsdl-org/libwebp.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/libsdl-org/libwebp.git
[url "https://gitee.com/libsdl-org/libtiff.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/libsdl-org/libtiff.git
[url "https://gitee.com/libsdl-org/zlib.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/libsdl-org/zlib.git
[url "https://gitee.com/libsdl-org/libavif.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/libsdl-org/libavif.git
[url "https://gitee.com/libsdl-org/dav1d.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/libsdl-org/dav1d.git
[url "https://gitee.com/djmxmu/lodepng"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/lvandeve/lodepng
[url "https://gitee.com/ffgpu/esaxx"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/hillbig/esaxx
[url "https://gitee.com/ffgpu/libdivsufsort.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/y-256/libdivsufsort.git
[url "https://gitee.com/djmxmu/Little-CMS"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/mm2/Little-CMS
[url "https://gitee.com/sunny8654/google_googletest"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/google/googletest
[url "https://gitee.com/rzkn/sjpeg.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/webmproject/sjpeg.git
[url "https://gitee.com/djmxmu/libsdl-highway.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/libsdl-org/highway.git
[url "https://gitee.com/Pretzel/libjxl.git"]
        insteadof = https://github.com/libsdl-org/libjxl.git

2.5 autoreconf

sudo apt-get install dh-autoreconf

 2.6 libltdl7-dev

sudo apt-get install libltdl7-dev

2.7 libffi-dev

sudo apt-get install libffi-dev

3 编写setup.py脚本

from setuptools import setup
from setuptools import find_packages
import os

os.environ['ANDROIDSDK'] = os.path.abspath('android-sdk')
os.environ['ANDROIDNDK'] = os.path.abspath('android-sdk/ndk/25.2.9519653')
os.environ['ANDROIDAPI'] = '26'
os.environ['NDKAPI'] = '21'

options = {'apk': {'requirements': 'python3==3.10.6, hostpython3==3.10.6, sdl2, kivy, android', 
'debug': None, 
'dist-name': 'apk-ex-setup', 
'package': 'org.apk.example', 
'bootstrap': 'sdl2', 
'arch': 'arm64-v8a'}}

setup(
name='apk-ex', 
version='0.0', 
description='python-for-android setup', 
author='C+ detective', 
packages=find_packages(), 
options=options, 
package_data={'src': ['*.py']}
)

setup.py脚本保存到当前目录

4 运行setup.py脚本

python setup.py apk

 4.1 安装第三方库失败

  File "/home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/build/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 552, in prepare_linked_requirements_more
    self._complete_partial_requirements(
  File "/home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/build/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 467, in _complete_partial_requirements
    for link, (filepath, _) in batch_download:
  File "/home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/build/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/download.py", line 183, in __call__
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "/home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/build/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py", line 53, in _rich_progress_bar
    for chunk in iterable:
  File "/home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/build/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/utils.py", line 63, in response_chunks
    for chunk in response.raw.stream(
  File "/home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/build/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 622, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "/home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/build/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 560, in read
    with self._error_catcher():
  File "/home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/build/other_builds/hostpython3/desktop/hostpython3/Lib/contextlib.py", line 153, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(typ, value, traceback)
  File "/home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/build/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 443, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.


  STDERR:

运行脚本的过程中会创建虚拟环境'~/.local/share/python-for-android/build/venv'，并在其中安装一些第三方库。 和buildozer一样，安装过程往往会因为远程链接超时而终止脚本，这时候我们可以多运行几次脚本直到安装成功为止；如果想快一点安装，自己直接往这个虚拟环境安装相应的第三方库，然后再运行脚本。

4.2 下载gradle失败

[WARNING]: ERROR: /home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/dists/apk-ex-setup/gradlew failed!
[WARNING]: ERROR: /home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/dists/apk-ex-setup/gradlew failed!

失败乃成功之母，多运行几次脚本总会成功的，加油！！！

5. 打包成功

[DEBUG]:   Dist matching name and arch: [<Distribution: name apk-ex-setup with recipes (hostpython3, libffi, openssl, sdl2_image, sdl2_mixer, sdl2_ttf, sqlite3, python3, sdl2, setuptools, six, pyjnius, android, kivy, certifi, chardet, requests, urllib3, idna)>]
[DEBUG]:   Dist matching ndk_api and recipe: [<Distribution: name apk-ex-setup with recipes (hostpython3, libffi, openssl, sdl2_image, sdl2_mixer, sdl2_ttf, sqlite3, python3, sdl2, setuptools, six, pyjnius, android, kivy, certifi, chardet, requests, urllib3, idna)>]
[DEBUG]:   Dist matching ndk_api and recipe: [<Distribution: name apk-ex-setup with recipes (hostpython3, libffi, openssl, sdl2_image, sdl2_mixer, sdl2_ttf, sqlite3, python3, sdl2, setuptools, six, pyjnius, android, kivy, certifi, chardet, requests, urllib3, idna)>]
[INFO]:    Of the existing distributions, the following meet the given requirements:
[INFO]:    Of the existing distributions, the following meet the given requirements:
[INFO]:    	apk-ex-setup: min API 21, includes recipes (hostpython3, libffi, openssl, sdl2_image, sdl2_mixer, sdl2_ttf, sqlite3, python3, sdl2, setuptools, six, pyjnius, android, kivy, certifi, chardet, requests, urllib3, idna), built for archs (arm64-v8a)
[INFO]:    	apk-ex-setup: min API 21, includes recipes (hostpython3, libffi, openssl, sdl2_image, sdl2_mixer, sdl2_ttf, sqlite3, python3, sdl2, setuptools, six, pyjnius, android, kivy, certifi, chardet, requests, urllib3, idna), built for archs (arm64-v8a)
[INFO]:    apk-ex-setup has compatible recipes, using this one
[INFO]:    apk-ex-setup has compatible recipes, using this one
[INFO]:    # Copying android package to current directory
[INFO]:    # Copying android package to current directory
[INFO]:    # Android package filename not found in build output. Guessing...
[INFO]:    # Android package filename not found in build output. Guessing...
[INFO]:    # Found android package file: /home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/dists/apk-ex-setup/build/outputs/apk/debug/apk-ex-setup-debug.apk
[INFO]:    # Found android package file: /home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/dists/apk-ex-setup/build/outputs/apk/debug/apk-ex-setup-debug.apk
[INFO]:    # Add version number to android package
[INFO]:    # Add version number to android package
[INFO]:    # Android package renamed to apk-ex-setup-debug-0.0.apk
[INFO]:    # Android package renamed to apk-ex-setup-debug-0.0.apk
[DEBUG]:   -> running cp /home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/dists/apk-ex-setup/build/outputs/apk/debug/apk-ex-setup-debug.apk apk-ex-setup-debug-0.0.apk
[DEBUG]:   -> running cp /home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/dists/apk-ex-setup/build/outputs/apk/debug/apk-ex-setup-debug.apk apk-ex-setup-debug-0.0.apk
<Command '/usr/bin/cp /home/finance/.local/share/python-for-android/dists/apk-ex-setup/build/outputs/apk/debug/apk-ex-setup-debug.apk apk-ex-setup-debug-0.0.apk', pid 124420>: process started

 最后，打包成功就会把打包好的apk复制到当前目录。