The Initialization of CM In DOCSIS3.0

CM 初始化粗略的分为四个步骤:

  • I. 拓扑方案(Uptream & Downstream)和物理层(Ranging)的初始化
  • 2. 授权和加密(SEC:EAE(Early Authentication and Encryption))的初始化
  • 3. IP初始化(IP connectivity
  • 4.注册(向CMTS registration)(MAC层初始化)

具体过程如下:

  1. 扫频,CM根据上一次使用留在缓存中的扫频信息进行扫频,若没有缓存数据则重新开始扫频(Uptream frequency: up to 88MHZ,  Downstream frequency :111MHZ~999MHZ)

  2. 如果扫到预测的频段,则 
    a. QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation ) lock
    b. FEC (Forward Error Correctionlock
    c. MPEG(Moving Picture Experts Groups) lock包含MDD(MAC Domain Descriptor))

  3. 扫频成功后,根据primary channel 中的SYNC message 中的SA 过滤其他MDDs(taking the UCID at the head of candidate UCID list)

  4. 根据MDD 中的信息确定DS-SG,US-SG 从而根据DS-SG 扫频LOCK住none-primary channel.

  5. 再根据US-SG(每个SG-ID发送ranging request  => 确定online)以及UCD进行扫频,以及根据MAP包信息LOCK 住upstream channel

  6. CMs 通过发送ranging request 和CMTS 回应的ranging response 中的信息确定(或者调整)
    a. local time 与global time 的时间差
    b. frequency
    c. power
    d. 确定是否连接

  7. SEC: EAE => complete or failed (do not care the result in this step)

  8. a. IP的分配通过DHCP请求向DHCP server 请求IP地址(CMTS 作为reply的功能)
    b. CM 发送TFTP request and 通过 CMTS 的response 获取configuration file (if CM is unable to receive ,then IP connectivity is failed). 
    c. 在CM 请求TFTP 服务的同时,ToD (Time of Day)request / response也在进行

  9. 注册,CM发送REG-REQ,其中request中包含CM收到的TFTPconfiguration信息
    a. downstream frequency
    b. upstream ID
    c. network access settings
    d. class of service
    e. capability of CM

  10. CMTS check REG-REQ:
    a. CM's MAC address and Authorization parameters
    b. assign SID
    c. provide the bandwidth for services that CM request

  11. CMTS send REG-RSP

  12. CM 根据REG-RSP 中的信息配置CM
    a. RCC --> RCS (Receive Channel Set)+ service
    b. TCC --> TCS (Transmit Channel Set) + service

  13.  => 注册完成

  14. 检测 SEC :EAE 是否配置成功
    A. 若配置成功则CM初始化直接完成

    B. 若配置不成功,则进行BPI(Baseline Privacy Initialization)


    CM                                                                                     CMTS
                                       Authorization Info
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------->>
                                   Authorization Request
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------->>
                                   Authorization Response
    <<-----------------------------------------------------------------------
       TEK (Traffic Encryption Key) Request
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------->>
                  TEK Response
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------->>

  15. => 初始化完成

本文主要参考文献

  • Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specifications DOCSIS® 3.0 - >MAC and Upper Layer Protocols Interface Specification -> CM-SP-MULPIv3.0-I28-150827

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The initialization of UART4 can vary depending on the microcontroller or development board being used. However, here is an example of how to initialize UART4 on a STM32F4 Discovery board using CubeMX and HAL libraries: 1. Open CubeMX and create a new project for your microcontroller or development board. 2. In the "Pinout & Configuration" tab, select "UART4" from the peripherals list. 3. Enable the "Asynchronous" mode and set the baud rate to the desired value. 4. Set the word length, stop bits, and parity according to your application's requirements. 5. Configure the GPIO pins for the UART4 peripheral by selecting the appropriate pins in the "Pinout" tab. 6. Generate the code by clicking on the "Generate" button. 7. Open the generated code and locate the "MX_UART4_Init" function. 8. In this function, you will find the initialization code for UART4. It will look something like this: ``` huart4.Instance = UART4; huart4.Init.BaudRate = 115200; huart4.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B; huart4.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1; huart4.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE; huart4.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX; huart4.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE; huart4.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16; if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart4) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } ``` 9. This code initializes UART4 with a baud rate of 115200, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, and both transmit and receive modes enabled. 10. You can now use the HAL functions to send and receive data over UART4. For example, to transmit a string over UART4, you can use the following code: ``` char* str = "Hello, World!"; HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart4, (uint8_t*)str, strlen(str), HAL_MAX_DELAY); ``` This will send the string "Hello, World!" over UART4.

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