Java多线程：生产者消费者问题

问题描述

两个进程，生产者和消费者，生产者的作用是生成产品放到共享缓冲区中，消费者的作用是从共享缓冲区消耗产品。重复此过程。

思路

1. 生产者生产，当buffer满了就阻塞，没满就+1，并唤醒其他线程。
2. 消费者消费，当buffer空了就阻塞，没空就-1，并唤醒其他线程。
3. 生产者消费者公用同一把锁。

代码

public class Demo {
    public volatile int buffer = 20;
    Object object = new Object();

    class Producer implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(300);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                synchronized (object) {
                    while (buffer == 20) {
                        try {
                            object.wait();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                    buffer++;
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": 有" + buffer + "个资源");
                    object.notifyAll();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    class Customer implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(300);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                synchronized (object) {
                    while (buffer == 0) {
                        try {
                            object.wait();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                    buffer--;
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": 有" + buffer + "个资源");
                    object.notifyAll();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Demo demo = new Demo();
        for (int i = 0; i <= 5; i++) {
            new Thread(demo.new Producer(), "Producer" + i).start();
            new Thread(demo.new Customer(), "Customer" + i).start();
        }
    }
}