SQLite,是一款轻型的数据库,是遵守ACID的关系型数据库管理系统,它包含在一个相对小的C库中。它是D.RichardHipp建立的公有领域项目。它的设计目标是嵌入式的,而且目前已经在很多嵌入式产品中使用了它,它占用资源非常的低,在嵌入式设备中,可能只需要几百K的内存就够了。
而在Android开发中,由于真机内置SQLite使得数据的增删改查变得容易轻松。
SQLite的核心实现类SQLiteOpenHelper 实现了数据库表的创建。具体代码如下:
package com.nanguabing.sqlitedemo;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
/**
* 数据库名称
*/
private static final String DB_NAME="mydb.db";
/**
* 数据库版本
*/
private static final int DB_VERSION=1;
public DBHelper(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory,
int version) {
super(context, name, factory, version);
}
public DBHelper(Context context) {
this(context,DB_NAME,null,DB_VERSION);
}
/**
* 创建数据库
*/
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
String sql="create table customers(id integer primary key autoincrement,name varchar(20),age int)" ;
db.execSQL(sql);
}
/**
* 用于升级
*/
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
对于数据库的操纵,根据JDBC思想,我们新建一个CURD实体类进行增删改查操作
package com.nanguabing.sqlitedemo;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CRUD {
DBHelper helper;
public CRUD(Context ctx) {
helper = new DBHelper(ctx);
}
/**
* insert操作
*/
public void insert(String name, int age) {
String sql = "insert into customers(name,age) values(?,?)";
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
db.execSQL(sql, new Object[] { name, age });
}
/**
* update操作
*/
public void update(String name, int age,int id){
String sql = "update customers set name = ? , age = ? where id = ?" ;
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
db.execSQL(sql, new Object[]{name,age,id});
}
/**
* delete操作
*/
public void delete(int id){
String sql = "delete from customers where id = ?" ;
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
db.execSQL(sql, new Object[]{id});
}
/**
* 查询所有客户信息
*/
public List<Object[]> findAll(){
List<Object[]> list = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
Object[] o = null ;
String sql = "select * from customers" ;
SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
Cursor cur = db.rawQuery(sql, null);
while(cur.moveToNext()){
o = new Object[3];
o[0] = cur.getInt(cur.getColumnIndex("id"));
o[1] = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("name"));
o[2] = cur.getInt(cur.getColumnIndex("age"));
list.add(o);
}
cur.close();
return list ;
}
}
并在MainActivity中调用
package com.nanguabing.sqlitedemo;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
CRUD mcrud;
EditText edit1, edit2, edit3;
List<Object[]> mlist;
String txt="";
TextView text1;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mcrud = new CRUD(MainActivity.this);
edit1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);
edit2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText2);
edit3 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText3);
text1=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
}
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.button1:
mcrud.insert(edit2.getText().toString(),
Integer.parseInt(edit3.getText().toString()));
select();
break;
case R.id.button2:
mcrud.delete(Integer.parseInt(edit1.getText().toString()));
select();
break;
case R.id.button3:
mcrud.update(edit2.getText().toString(),
Integer.parseInt(edit3.getText().toString()),
Integer.parseInt(edit1.getText().toString()));
select();
break;
case R.id.button4:
select();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
private void select(){
mlist = mcrud.findAll();
txt="";
for (Object[] objects : mlist) {
txt += objects[0].toString() + objects[1] + objects[2]+"\n";
}
text1.setText(txt);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
return true;
}
}
主布局文件
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:onClick="onClick"
android:text="增加" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="@+id/editText1"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/editText1"
android:onClick="onClick"
android:text="删除" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button2"
android:onClick="onClick"
android:text="修改" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button4"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button3"
android:onClick="onClick"
android:text="查询" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@+id/button1"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button1"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="ID" >
<requestFocus />
</EditText>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/editText1"
android:layout_below="@+id/editText1"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="姓名" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="@+id/editText2"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button1"
android:ems="10"
android:hint="年龄"
android:inputType="number" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="100dip"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/editText3"
android:layout_alignRight="@+id/editText3"
android:layout_below="@+id/editText3" />
</RelativeLayout>