作品展示
背景需求:
幼儿操作中,选择“三原色图片(红柱、黄柱)“选择“透透明红黄蓝图片(绿柱、蓝柱)”的孩子更多。
图22-1 幼儿选择4款学具次数的直方图
分析原因:
(1)深色与浅色
从视觉角度来看,星1星2的图片都是三原色,饱和度高;星3星4图案相交重叠而降低了透明度,颜色比较浅。中班幼儿普遍喜欢鲜艳的色彩,因此优先选择鲜亮的颜色。
处理方式:
(1)保留鲜艳颜色——提升点数难度
“图形相交”时,将透明度从0.3改成1.0,也能实现图案遮挡的效果,从而提升挑战性,鼓励一些幼儿将根据图形的一部分外形,推测图形的全貌。
有趣的“图形遮挡”现象(因为加了黑色边框,所以看起来清晰多了)
代码展示
'''
02数一数图形(都是一个方向三角形)边框内+图案重叠(纯色遮挡有框)
作者:AI对话大师、阿夏
时间:2024年4月28日 20:00
'''
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as patches
import numpy as np
import os
import random
import time
from shapely.geometry import Polygon
from shapely.ops import cascaded_union
c = int(input('画布大小(15)\n'))
num=int(input('多少张\n'))
alp=1.0
# float(input('透明度(1.0=分开纯色)\n'))
# 创建目录
output_dir = r'C:\Users\jg2yXRZ\OneDrive\桌面\数一数2\02几何框内连接'
end=output_dir+r'\01纯色遮挡有框线'
os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(end, exist_ok=True)
for i in range(num):
# 创建画布
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(c, c))
ax.set_xlim([0, c])
ax.set_ylim([0, c])
# 随机几个图形
num_triangles = random.randint(1, 5)
num_square = random.randint(1, 5)
num_cicle = random.randint(1, 5)
num_ellipse = random.randint(1, 5)
num_rectangle = random.randint(1, 5)
colors = ['red', 'yellow', 'blue']
shapes = []
# 直角三角形
# for _ in range(num_triangles):
# while True:
# # 随机生成等腰直角三角形的顶点坐标
# base_point = np.random.rand(2) * c
# side_length = np.random.rand() * 2 + 1
# # 计算等腰直角三角形的顶点坐标
# top_point = base_point + np.array([side_length, 0])
# height_point = base_point + np.array([0, side_length])
# # 检查三角形是否在画布内部
# if np.all(base_point >= 0) and np.all(top_point <= c) and np.all(height_point <= c):
# break
# # 随机选择颜色
# color = np.random.choice(colors)
# # 创建并填充等腰直角三角形
# triangle_vertices = np.array([base_point, top_point, height_point])
# triangle = patches.Polygon(triangle_vertices, closed=True, alpha=alp, facecolor=color,edgecolor='black')
# ax.add_patch(triangle)
# # 随机生成多个等边三角形
import math
for _ in range(num_triangles):
while True:
# 随机生成等边三角形的顶点坐标
base_point = np.random.rand(2) * c
side_length = np.random.rand() * 2 + 1
# 计算等边三角形的顶点坐标
height = side_length * math.sqrt(3) / 2
top_point = base_point + np.array([side_length / 2, height])
left_point = base_point + np.array([0, 0])
right_point = base_point + np.array([side_length, 0])
# 检查三角形是否在画布内部
triangle = Polygon([left_point, right_point, top_point])
if np.all(base_point >= 0) and np.all(top_point <= c) and \
np.all(left_point >= 0) and np.all(right_point <= c) and \
not any(shape.intersects(triangle) for shape in shapes):
break
# 随机选择颜色
color = np.random.choice(colors)
# 创建并填充等边三角形
triangle_vertices = np.array([left_point, right_point, top_point])
triangle = Polygon(triangle_vertices)
triangle_patch = patches.Polygon(triangle_vertices, closed=True, alpha=alp, facecolor=color,edgecolor='black')
ax.add_patch(triangle_patch)
shapes.append(triangle)
# 随机生成正方形
for _ in range(num_square):
while True:
# 随机生成正方形的中心点坐标
center = np.random.rand(2) * c
# 随机生成正方形的边长
side_length = np.random.rand() * 2 + 1
# 检查正方形是否在画布内部
if np.all(center - side_length/2 >= 0) and np.all(center + side_length/2 <= c):
break
# 随机选择颜色
color = np.random.choice(colors)
# 创建并填充正方形
square = patches.Rectangle((center[0] - side_length/2, center[1] - side_length/2), side_length, side_length, alpha=alp, facecolor=color,edgecolor='black')
ax.add_patch(square)
# 随机生成圆形
for _ in range(num_cicle):
while True:
# 随机生成圆形的中心点坐标
center = np.random.rand(2) * c
# 随机生成圆形的半径
radius = np.random.rand() * 2 + 1
# 检查圆形是否在画布内部
if np.all(center - radius >= 0) and np.all(center + radius <= c):
break
# 随机选择颜色
color = np.random.choice(colors)
# 创建并填充圆形
circle = patches.Circle(center, radius, alpha=alp, facecolor=color,edgecolor='black')
ax.add_patch(circle)
# # 随机生成椭圆形
# for _ in range(num_ellipse):
# while True:
# # 随机生成椭圆形的中心点坐标
# center = np.random.rand(2) * c
# # 随机生成椭圆形的长轴和短轴
# major_axis = np.random.rand() * 2 + 1
# minor_axis = np.random.rand() * 2 + 1
# # 检查椭圆形是否在画布内部
# ellipse_vertices = []
# num_points = 100
# angle = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, num_points)
# for a in angle:
# x = center[0] + major_axis / 2 * np.cos(a)
# y = center[1] + minor_axis / 2 * np.sin(a)
# ellipse_vertices.append([x, y])
# ellipse = Polygon(ellipse_vertices)
# if np.all(center - np.array([major_axis, minor_axis]) / 2 >= 0) and np.all(
# center + np.array([major_axis, minor_axis]) / 2 <= c) and not any(
# shape.intersects(ellipse) for shape in shapes):
# break
# # 随机选择颜色
# color = np.random.choice(colors)
# # 创建并填充椭圆形
# ellipse_patch = patches.Ellipse((center[0], center[1]), major_axis, minor_axis, alpha=alp, facecolor=color,edgecolor='black')
# ax.add_patch(ellipse_patch)
# shapes.append(ellipse)
# # 随机生成椭圆形水平的垂直的(90和180)
# import random
for _ in range(num_ellipse):
while True:
# 随机生成椭圆形的中心点坐标
center = np.random.rand(2) * c
# 随机生成椭圆形的长轴和短轴
major_axis = np.random.rand() * 2 + 1
minor_axis = major_axis / 2 # 将短轴设为长轴的一半,以满足2:1的长宽比
# 随机选择椭圆形的旋转角度(90度或180度)
angle = np.random.choice([np.pi / 2, np.pi])
# 检查椭圆形是否在画布内部
ellipse_vertices = []
num_points = 100
angle_points = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, num_points)
for a in angle_points:
x = center[0] + major_axis / 2 * np.cos(a) * np.cos(angle) - minor_axis / 2 * np.sin(a) * np.sin(angle)
y = center[1] + major_axis / 2 * np.cos(a) * np.sin(angle) + minor_axis / 2 * np.sin(a) * np.cos(angle)
ellipse_vertices.append([x, y])
ellipse = Polygon(ellipse_vertices)
if np.all(center - np.array([major_axis, minor_axis]) / 2 >= 0) and np.all(
center + np.array([major_axis, minor_axis]) / 2 <= c) and not any(
shape.intersects(ellipse) for shape in shapes):
break
# 随机选择颜色
color = np.random.choice(colors)
# 创建并填充椭圆形
ellipse_patch = patches.Ellipse((center[0], center[1]), major_axis, minor_axis, angle=np.rad2deg(angle), alpha=alp,
facecolor=color,edgecolor='black')
ax.add_patch(ellipse_patch)
shapes.append(ellipse)
# # 随机生成长方形
# for _ in range(num_rectangle):
# while True:
# # 随机生成长方形的中心点坐标
# center = np.random.rand(2) * c
# # 随机生成长方形的长和宽
# width = np.random.rand() * 2 + 1
# height = np.random.rand() * 2 + 1
# # 检查长方形是否在画布内部
# rectangle = Polygon([(center[0] - width / 2, center[1] - height / 2),
# (center[0] + width / 2, center[1] - height / 2),
# (center[0] + width / 2, center[1] + height / 2),
# (center[0] - width / 2, center[1] + height / 2)])
# if np.all(center - np.array([width, height]) / 2 >= 0) and np.all(
# center + np.array([width, height]) / 2 <= c) and not any(
# shape.intersects(rectangle) for shape in shapes):
# break
# # 随机选择颜色
# color = np.random.choice(colors)
# # 创建并填充长方形
# rectangle_patch = patches.Rectangle((center[0] - width / 2, center[1] - height / 2), width, height,
# alpha=alp, facecolor=color,edgecolor='black')
# ax.add_patch(rectangle_patch)
# shapes.append(rectangle)
# 隐藏坐标轴
ax.axis('off')
# 保存图形
output_path = os.path.join(end, f'{i:02d}.png')
plt.savefig(output_path, dpi=200, bbox_inches='tight')
# 关闭画布
plt.close(fig)
# 暂停3秒
time.sleep(3)