原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/callinglove/article/details/7840421
计算机都是以八位一个字节为存储单位,那么一个16位的整数,也就是C语言中的short,在内存中可能有两种存储顺序big-endian和litte-endian.考虑一个short整数0xAF32(0x32是低位,0xAF是高位),把它赋值给一个short变量,那么它在内存中的存储可能有如下两种情况:
大端字节(Big-endian):较高的有效字节存放在较低的存储器地址,较低的有效字节存放在较高的存储器地址。
——————————————--------
| 0x2000 | 0x2001 |
------------------------------------
| 0xAF | 0x32 |
------------------------------------
小端字节(Big-endian):字数据的高字节存储在高地址中,而字数据的低字节则存放在低地址中。
——————————————--------
| 0x2000 | 0x2001 |
------------------------------------
| 0x32 | 0xAF |
------------------------------------
判断计算机的存储方式:
/********大端返回0;小端返回0*******/
int checkCPU()
{
union w
{
int x ;
char y ;
}c ;
c.x = 1;
return (c.y==1))
}
大小端转换:
#include<stdio.h>
typedef unsigned int uint_32 ;
typedef unsigned short uint_16 ;
#define BSWAP_16(x) \
(uint_16)((((uint_16)(x) & 0x00ff) << 8) | \
(((uint_16)(x) & 0xff00) >> 8) \
)
#define BSWAP_32(x) \
(uint_32)((((uint_32)(x) & 0xff000000) >> 24) | \
(((uint_32)(x) & 0x00ff0000) >> 8) | \
(((uint_32)(x) & 0x0000ff00) << 8) | \
(((uint_32)(x) & 0x000000ff) << 24) \
)
uint_16 bswap_16(uint_16 x)
{
return (((uint_16)(x) & 0x00ff) << 8) | \
(((uint_16)(x) & 0xff00) >> 8) ;
}
uint_32 bswap_32(uint_32 x)
{
return (((uint_32)(x) & 0xff000000) >> 24) | \
(((uint_32)(x) & 0x00ff0000) >> 8) | \
(((uint_32)(x) & 0x0000ff00) << 8) | \
(((uint_32)(x) & 0x000000ff) << 24) ;
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
printf("------------带参宏-------------\n");
printf("%#x\n",BSWAP_32(0x12345678));
printf("%#x\n",BSWAP_16(0x1234)) ;
printf("------------函数调用-----------\n");
printf("%#x\n",bswap_32(0x12345678));
printf("%#x\n",bswap_16(0x1234)) ;
return 0 ;
}
Linux编程函数:
#include <stdio.h>
struct ST{
short val1;
short val2;
};
union U{
int val;
struct ST st;
};
int main(void)
{
int a = 0;
union U u1, u2;
a = 0x12345678;
u1.val = a;
printf("u1.val is 0x%x\n", u1.val);
printf("val1 is 0x%x\n", u1.st.val1);
printf("val2 is 0x%x\n", u1.st.val2);
printf("after first convert is: 0x%x\n", htonl(u1.val));
u2.st.val2 = htons(u1.st.val1);
u2.st.val1 = htons(u1.st.val2);
printf("after second convert is: 0x%x\n", u2.val);
return 0;
}