原文地址：http://www.jianshu.com/p/6425d18d3e47
yum -y install python-devel openssl openssl-devel gcc sqlite sqlite-devel mysql-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel
Python
**================================================= **
下载python 2.7.13
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[root@server2 ~] # mkdir /software
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[root@server2 ~] # cd /software/
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[root@server2 software] # wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz
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[root@server2 software] # ll
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总用量 36852
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17076672 12月 18 04: 21 Python- 2.7. 13.tgz
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20656090 1月 17 16: 07 Python- 3.5. 3.tgz
解压文件
[root@server2 software]# tar -zxf Python-2.7.13.tgz
进入目录
[root@server2 software]# cd Python-2.7.13
编译安装
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python2.7 --with-threads --enable-shared
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # make && make altinstall
备份旧python相关命令
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===> 有些版本/usr/bin/目录下不存在pip 忽略下面第一行命令即可
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip_old
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # mv /usr/bin/easy_install /usr/bin/easy_install_old
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python_old
新版本python命令做软连接，快捷使用
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # ln -s /usr/local/python2.7/lib/libpython2.7.so /usr/lib
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # ln -s /usr/local/python2.7/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 /usr/lib
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # ln -s /usr/local/python2.7/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # ln -s /usr/local/python2.7/lib/libpython2.7.so /usr/lib64
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # ln -s /usr/local/python2.7/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 /usr/lib64
测试python是否可以正常使用
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[ ]
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Python 2.7 .13 ( default, Apr 11 2017, 11: 14: 36)
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[ ] on linux2
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Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
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>>>
安装pip
下载最新版的pip，然后安装
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[root@server2 Python- 2.7. 13] # cd /software/
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[root@server2 software] # wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
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[root@server2 software] # python get-pip.py
查找pip的位置
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[root@server2 software] # find / -name pip
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/usr/ local/python2. 7/bin/pip
找到pip2.7的路径，为其创建软链作为系统默认的启动版本
[root@server2 software]# ln -s /usr/local/python2.7/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip
测试pip是否可用
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[root@server2 software] # pip install Pillow
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Collecting Pillow
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Downloading Pillow- 4.1. 0-cp27-cp27m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl ( 5.7MB)
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100% |████████████████████████████████| 5.7MB 129kB/s
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Collecting olefile (from Pillow)
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Downloading olefile- 0. 44.zip ( 74kB)
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100% |████████████████████████████████| 81kB 541kB/s
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Building wheels for collected packages: olefile
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Running setup.py bdist_wheel for olefile ... done
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Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/ 20/ 58/ 49/cc7bd00345397059149a10b0259ef38b867935ea2ecff99a9b
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Successfully built olefile
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Installing collected packages: olefile, Pillow
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Successfully installed Pillow- 4.1. 0 olefile- 0. 44
安装easy_install
下载最新版的easy_install，然后安装
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[root@server2 software] # wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py
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[root@server2 software] # python ez_setup.py
找到easy_install的路径，为其创建软链作为系统默认的启动版本
[root@server2 software]# ln -s /usr/local/python2.7/bin/easy_install /usr/bin/easy_install
测试easy_install是否可用
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[root@server2 software]# easy_install beautifulsoup4
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Searching for beautifulsoup4
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Reading https: //pypi.python.org/simple/beautifulsoup4/
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Downloading https: //pypi.python.org/packages/9b/a5/c6fa2d08e6c671103f9508816588e0fb9cec40444e8e72993f3d4c325936/beautifulsoup4-4.5.3.tar.gz#md5=937e0df0d699a1237646f38fd567f0c6
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Best match: beautifulsoup4 4.5. 3
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Processing beautifulsoup4- 4.5. 3.tar.gz
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Writing /tmp/easy_install-OSpCW5/beautifulsoup4- 4.5. 3/setup.cfg
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Running beautifulsoup4- 4.5. 3/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-OSpCW5/beautifulsoup4- 4.5. 3/egg-dist-tmp-m3PXo5
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zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
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Moving beautifulsoup4- 4.5. 3-py2. 7.egg to /usr/ local/python2. 7/lib/python2. 7/site-packages
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Adding beautifulsoup4 4.5. 3 to easy-install.pth file
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Installed /usr/ local/python2. 7/lib/python2. 7/site-packages/beautifulsoup4- 4.5. 3-py2. 7.egg
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Processing dependencies for beautifulsoup4
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Finished processing dependencies for beautifulsoup4
yum 安装工具只支持系统自带的python版本， 修改配置文件使其可正常使用
查看原版本python
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[root@server2 software]# ll /usr/bin/python*
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 4月 11 11:20 /usr/bin/python -> /usr/local/python2.7/bin/python2.7
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6 2月 15 14:33 /usr/bin/python2 -> python
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-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 9032 8月 18 2016 /usr/bin/python2.6 ==> 这个就是系统自带的python
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-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1418 8月 18 2016 /usr/bin/python2.6-config
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 4月 11 10:47 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2.6-config
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-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 9032 8月 18 2016 /usr/bin/python_old
修改配置文件 /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python ===> 修改为 #!/usr/bin/python2.6
测试yum是否可用
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[root@server2 software]# yum -y install python-devel
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已加载插件： fastestmirror, security
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设置安装进程
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Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
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* epel: mirrors .aliyun .com
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包 python-devel-2 .6 .6-66 .el6_8 .x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
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无须任何处理
好了，大功告成。
<br />
优化
编写一键安装python2.7的脚本
由于Centos 6.x的系统默认都是python2.6 ，如果服务器需要用2.7环境的话每台都得手动操作升级，工作量比较大， 编写脚本提升效率。（Centos 7.x版本的默认的python都是2.7.5版本）
创建用于存放python脚本的目录
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[root@server2 software] # mkdir /script/python/
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[root@server2 software] # cd /script/python/
由于国外python网站下载python安装包缓慢，可以提前下载下来，和install_py27.sh放在一起，在脚本中直接解压本地文件进行安装，我已经上传到网盘
点击我下载
开始编写脚本 install_py27.sh
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# __author__ = 'junxi'
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# This script is used by fast installed python2.7 ......
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# write by 2017/04/11
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echo "##############start run install for python2.7 script############"
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yum -y install python-devel openssl openssl-devel gcc sqlite sqlite-devel mysql-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel
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mkdir /software
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mv Python-2.7.13.tgz /software
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cd /software
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tar -zxf Python-2.7.13.tgz
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cd Python-2.7.13/
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./configure --prefix=/usr/ local/python2.7 --with-threads -- enable-shared
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make
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make altinstall
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mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip_old
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mv /usr/bin/easy_install /usr/bin/easy_install_old
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mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python_old
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ln -s /usr/ local/python2.7/lib/libpython2.7.so /usr/lib
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ln -s /usr/ local/python2.7/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 /usr/lib
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ln -s /usr/ local/python2.7/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python
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ln -s /usr/ local/python2.7/lib/libpython2.7.so /usr/lib64
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ln -s /usr/ local/python2.7/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 /usr/lib64
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cd /software
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wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
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python get-pip.py
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ln -s /usr/ local/python2.7/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip
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echo "############更换pip源为国内淘宝源##########"
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mkdir /root/.pip/
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touch /root/.pip/pip.conf
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cat >> /root/.pip/pip.conf << EOF
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[global]
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index-url=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
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[install]
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trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
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EOF
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pip install Pillow
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sed -i 's#\/usr/bin/python#\/usr/bin/python2.6#g' /usr/bin/yum
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yum -y install python-devel
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echo 'the install script is the end......'
把Python-2.7.13.tgz文件和install_py27.sh脚本下载下来，放在同一个目录下：
运行下面命令进行安装
/bin/sh install_py27.sh
安装完成后执行python查看版本
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