无论是数组还是对象,对于typeof的操作返回值都为object,所以就有了区分数组类型和对象类型的需要:
四种:
一:Object.prototype.toString.call(待检测值)(推荐)
var arr = [1, 2, 3];
var obj = {
name: 'zqf',
age: 18,
1: 'name'
}
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(arr) === '[object Array]'); //true
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(boj) === '[object Array]'); //false
二 typeof
typeof漏洞很多,无法检测null、数组、日期、正则、对象,结果全为object
原因:typeof是直接在计算机里面基于二进制值进行检测的,也就是数据类型都是二进制值,对象存储在计算机中,二进制的值都是以000开头,而null值为000,所以typeof(null)为object
let a = 1
let b = "1"
let c = false
let d = undefined
let e = function(){}
console.log(typeof(a))//number
console.log(typeof(b))//string
console.log(typeof(c))//boolean
console.log(typeof(d))//undefined
console.log(e)//[Function: e]
let f = []
let g = null
let h = new Date()
let i = new RegExp()
let j = {}
console.log(typeof(f))//object
console.log(typeof(g))//object
console.log(typeof(h))//object
console.log(typeof(i))//object
console.log(typeof(j))//object
三:instanceof
a instanceof Array 返回一个布尔值用于判断a是否为Array的一个实例,但是无法检测基本数据类型
let arr = []
console.log(arr instanceof Array)//true
console.log(arr instanceof Object)//true
let a = 1
let b = "123"
let c = false
console.log(a instanceof Number)//false
console.log(b instanceof String)//false
console.log(c instanceof Boolean)//false
四:constructor
constructor比instanceof好的地方是,它可以检测基本数据类型
let a = 1
let b = "123"
let c = false
console.log(a.constructor === Number)//true
console.log(b.constructor === String)//true
console.log(c.constructor === Boolean)//true
而且,也不会顺着原型链找
let arr = []
console.log(arr.constructor === Array)//true
console.log(arr.constructor === Object)//false
缺点是我们可以随意更改constructor,例如
let arr = []
Array.prototype.constructor = 'a' //更改constructor
console.log(arr.constructor === Array)//false
总结
① Object.prototype.toString.call(待检测值)是最标准的
② typeof只能检测除null外的基本数据类型,对于数组、对象、正则等都返回为Object
③ instanceof不能检测基本数据类型,检测引用类型时会顺着原型链往上找,只要原型链上有的,都返回true,同时,可以随意更改原型链的指向,导致检测结果不准确
④ constructor可以检测基本数据类型,也能分辨出数组和对象,但是我们可以随意更改constructor的值,导致检测结果不准确