LaTeX优化问题对齐，算法排版

宏包

  先导入宏包

\usepackage{algorithm}
\usepackage{algorithmic}

公式对齐

等号对齐
代码

\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned} \label{P}
&\min_{c_{m,j}^{L},c_{i,j}^{V}} \quad \tau_{av}\\
&\begin{array}{r@{\quad}r@{}l@{\quad}l}
s.t. &\sum_{j=1}^{J}c_{i,j}^{V}&\leq S^V \\
     &\sum_{j=1}^{J}c_{m,j}^{L}&\leq S^L\\
     &c_{i,j}^{V}&\in \left \{0,1\right \}\\
     &c_{m,j}^{L}&\in \left \{0,1\right \}\\
\end{array}
\end{aligned}
\end{equation}

效果如下
左边对齐
用split

代码

\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
&\min_{c_{m,j}^{L},c_{i,j}^{V}} \,\, \tau_{av}\\
&s.t.\quad  \left\{\begin{array}{lc}
\sum_{j=1}^{J}c_{i,j}^{V}\leq S^V\\
\sum_{j=1}^{J}c_{m,j}^{L}\leq S^L\\
c_{i,j}^{V}\in \left \{0,1\right \}\\
c_{m,j}^{L}\in \left \{0,1\right \}\\
\end{array}\right.
\end{split}
\end{equation*}

效果如下

算法格式排版

代码

\begin{algorithm}[htb] 
\caption{Simulated Anneal Algorithm} 
\label{SA} 
\begin{algorithmic}[1] %这个1 表示每一行都显示数字
\REQUIRE ~~\\ %算法的输入参数：Input
Initial $T_{max}$,$T_{min}$,$K_{in}$,$C_{N_L\times J}^{L}$;\\
$T=T_{max}$;\\
$C^{old}=C_{N_L\times J}^{L}$;\\
Solve \ref{tau_av},and get $\tau _{av\_old}=\tau _{av}\left ( C^{old}\right )$;
\ENSURE ~~\\ %算法的输出：Output
$C^{new}$;
\WHILE{$T\geq T_{min}$}
\FOR{$k = 1:K_{in}$}
\label{ code:fram:extract }%对此行的标记，方便在文中引用算法的某个步骤
\STATE Select $m$ randomly from 1 to $N_L$;\ 
\label{code:fram:trainbase}
\STATE Reassign the elements in the $m$-th row of $C^{old}$ and get a new caching placement matrix $C^{new}$;\ 
\label{code:fram:add}
\STATE Slove \ref{tau_av} and let $\tau _{av\_new}=\tau _{av}\left ( C^{new}\right )$; \
\label{code:fram:classify}
\STATE Let $\delta =\tau _{av\_new}-\tau _{av\_old}$; \
\label{code:fram:select}
\IF{$\delta > 0$}
\STATE $Pe = exp\left ( -\delta /T\right )$, and $A=rand\left ( 1\right )$; \
\IF{$A>Pe$}
\STATE $C^{new}=C^{old}$;\
\STATE $\tau _{av\_new}=\tau _{av\_old}$;\
\ENDIF
\ENDIF
\STATE $C^{old}=C^{new}$;\
\STATE $\tau _{av\_old}=\tau _{av\_new}$;\
\ENDFOR
\STATE $T=T-1$;\
\ENDWHILE
\end{algorithmic}
\end{algorithm}

效果如下
Tips:公式中如果想要输入下划线’’，而在公式中下划线’‘表示下标的意思，这时只需要前面加上’‘即可。’_’，比如代码中的 \tau _{av_old}。
更多内容见LaTeX算法排版例子