索引练习笔记

索引练习笔记:


SQL>
SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces;

TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
SYSTEM
SYSAUX
UNDOTBS1
TEMP
USERS
EXAMPLE
STATSPACK

7 rows selected.

SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/users01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/system01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/example01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/statspack.dbf

6 rows selected.

SQL> create tablespace rhys datafile '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/Rhys_Amy.dbf' size 50M autoextend on next 2M maxsize 500M;
create tablespace rhys datafile '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/Rhys_Amy.dbf' size 50M autoextend on next 2M maxsize 500M
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01119: error in creating database file
'/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/Rhys_Amy.dbf'
ORA-27044: unable to write the header block of file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 28: No space left on device
Additional information: 3

[oracle@oracle-one ~]$ df
Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_oracleone-lv_root
                       5168516   3826384   1079580  78% /
tmpfs                   605636    287780    317856  48% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1               495844     56256    413988  12% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_oracleone-LogVol02
                       5168516    144984   4760980   3% /home
/dev/mapper/vg_oracleone-LogVol03
                      12925656  12269068         0 100% /opt
[oracle@oracle-one ~]$ df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_oracleone-lv_root
                      5.0G  3.7G  1.1G  78% /
tmpfs                 592M  282M  311M  48% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   55M  405M  12% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_oracleone-LogVol02
                      5.0G  142M  4.6G   3% /home
/dev/mapper/vg_oracleone-LogVol03
                       13G   12G     0 100% /opt
[oracle@oracle-one opt]$ cd oracle
[oracle@oracle-one oracle]$ ls
database  p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip  p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
[oracle@oracle-one oracle]$ rm -rf *
[oracle@oracle-one oracle]$ df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_oracleone-lv_root
                      5.0G  3.7G  1.1G  78% /
tmpfs                 592M  282M  311M  48% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   55M  405M  12% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_oracleone-LogVol02
                      5.0G  142M  4.6G   3% /home
/dev/mapper/vg_oracleone-LogVol03
                       13G  6.9G  4.9G  59% /opt
[oracle@oracle-one oracle]$ exit
exit

SQL> l
  1* create tablespace rhys datafile '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/Rhys_Amy.dbf' size 50M autoextend on next 2M maxsize 500M
SQL> r
  1* create tablespace rhys datafile '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/Rhys_Amy.dbf' size 50M autoextend on next 2M maxsize 500M

Tablespace created.


SQL> append  temp
  1* create user rhys identified by amy default tablespace rhys temporary tablespace  temp
SQL> r
  1* create user rhys identified by amy default tablespace rhys temporary tablespace  temp

User created.

SQL> grant select any table to rhys;

Grant succeeded.


SQL> grant create session to rhys with admin option;

Grant succeeded.


SQL> grant resource to rhys;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn rhys/amy
Connected.

SQL> select default_tablespace ,username from user_users where username=upper('rhys');

DEFAULT_TABLESPACE             USERNAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
RHYS                           RHYS

SQL>


SQL> select owner,table_name from all_tables where owner=upper('scott');

OWNER                          TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
SCOTT                          DEPT
SCOTT                          EMP
SCOTT                          BONUS
SCOTT                          SALGRADE

SQL> create table amy_dept as select * from scott.dept;

Table created.

SQL> create table amy_emp as select * from scott.emp;

Table created.

SQL> create table amy_bonus as select * from scott.bonus;

Table created.

SQL> create table amy_salgrade as select * from scott.salgrade;

Table created.

SQL> select table_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
AMY_DEPT
AMY_EMP
AMY_BONUS
AMY_SALGRADE


SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/users01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/system01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/example01.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/statspack.dbf
/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/Rhys_Amy.dbf

7 rows selected.

SQL> create tablespace index_tablespace datafile '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/index_tablespace.dbf' size 60M autoextend off;

Tablespace created.

SQL> conn rhys/amy
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
AMY_DEPT
AMY_EMP
AMY_BONUS
AMY_SALGRADE

SQL> select *  from amy_emp;

     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7521 WARD       SALESMAN        7698 22-FEB-81       1250        500         30
      7566 JONES      MANAGER         7839 02-APR-81       2975                    20
      7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN        7698 28-SEP-81       1250       1400         30
      7698 BLAKE      MANAGER         7839 01-MAY-81       2850                    30
      7782 CLARK      MANAGER         7839 09-JUN-81       2450                    10
      7788 SCOTT      ANALYST         7566 19-APR-87       3000                    20
      7839 KING       PRESIDENT            17-NOV-81       5000                    10
      7844 TURNER     SALESMAN        7698 08-SEP-81       1500          0         30
      7876 ADAMS      CLERK           7788 23-MAY-87       1100                    20

     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7900 JAMES      CLERK           7698 03-DEC-81        950                    30
      7902 FORD       ANALYST         7566 03-DEC-81       3000                    20
      7934 MILLER     CLERK           7782 23-JAN-82       1300                    10

14 rows selected.


SQL> conn rhys/amy
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
AMY_DEPT
AMY_EMP
AMY_BONUS
AMY_SALGRADE

SQL> desc amy_salgrade
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 GRADE                                              NUMBER
 LOSAL                                              NUMBER
 HISAL                                              NUMBER

SQL> alter table amy_salgrade modify grade not null;

Table altered.


SQL> select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes;

INDEX_NAME                     INDEX_TYPE                  TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ --------------------------- ------------------------------
EMPNO_INDEX                    FUNCTION-BASED NORMAL       AMY_EMP

SQL>  select grade from amy_salgrade group by grade having count(*) >1;

no rows selected

SQL> create unique index unique_index_salgrade on rhys.amy_salgrade(GRADE) tablespace index_tablespace;

Index created.

SQL>
SQL> select GRADE,count(*) from rhys.amy_salgrade group by GRADE having count(*) >1;

no rows selected

SQL> drop index unique_index_salgrade;

Index dropped.

SQL> select * from amy_salgrade;

     GRADE      LOSAL      HISAL
---------- ---------- ----------
         1        700       1200
         2       1201       1400
         3       1401       2000
         4       2001       3000
         5       3001       9999

SQL> alter table amy_salgrade modify grade null;

Table altered.

SQL>  create unique index unique_index_salgrade on rhys.amy_salgrade(GRADE) tablespace index_tablespace;

Index created.


SQL> select * from amy_bonus;

no rows selected

SQL> desc amy_bonus;
 Name                                                                                                              Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ENAME                                                                                                                      VARCHAR2(10)
 JOB                                                                                                                        VARCHAR2(9)
 SAL                                                                                                                        NUMBER
 COMM                                                                                                                       NUMBER

SQL> create index index_bonnus on amy_bonus(ename,job) tablespace index_tablespace;

Index created.


SQL> select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes;

INDEX_NAME                     INDEX_TYPE                  TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ --------------------------- ------------------------------
UNIQUE_INDEX_SALGRADE          NORMAL                      AMY_SALGRADE
EMPNO_INDEX                    FUNCTION-BASED NORMAL       AMY_EMP
INDEX_BONNUS                   NORMAL                      AMY_BONUS

SQL> alter table amy_emp add esex varchar2(20) not null;
alter table amy_emp add esex varchar2(20) not null
            *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01758: table must be empty to add mandatory (NOT NULL) column


SQL> c /not null
  1* alter table amy_emp add esex varchar2(20)
SQL> r
  1* alter table amy_emp add esex varchar2(20)

Table altered.


SQL> create bitmap index bitmap_emp on amy_emp(esex) tablespace index_tablespace;

Index created.


SQL> r
  1* select index_name,index_type,table_owner,table_name from user_indexes

INDEX_NAME                     INDEX_TYPE                  TABLE_OWNER                    TABLE_NAME
------------------------------ --------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
UNIQUE_INDEX_SALGRADE          NORMAL                      RHYS                           AMY_SALGRADE
EMPNO_INDEX                    FUNCTION-BASED NORMAL       RHYS                           AMY_EMP
BITMAP_EMP                     BITMAP                      RHYS                           AMY_EMP
INDEX_BONNUS                   NORMAL                      RHYS                           AMY_BONUS

SQL> select table_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
AMY_DEPT
AMY_EMP
AMY_BONUS
AMY_SALGRADE

SQL> desc amy_dept;                       
 Name                                                                                                              Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 DEPTNO                                                                                                                     NUMBER(2)
 DNAME                                                                                                                      VARCHAR2(14)
 LOC                                                                                                                        VARCHAR2(13)

SQL> create index reverse_index on amy_dept(deptno) reverse tablespace index_tablespace;

Index created.


SQL> create index function_index on amy_emp(to_char(hiredate,'yyyy-mm-dd')) tablespace index_tablespaces;
create index function_index on amy_emp(to_char(hiredate,'yyyy-mm-dd')) tablespace index_tablespaces
                                                                                  *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00959: tablespace 'INDEX_TABLESPACES' does not exist


SQL> c /index_tablespaces/index_tablespace
  1* create index function_index on amy_emp(to_char(hiredate,'yyyy-mm-dd')) tablespace index_tablespace
SQL> r
  1* create index function_index on amy_emp(to_char(hiredate,'yyyy-mm-dd')) tablespace index_tablespace

Index created.

SQL> select index_name,index_type,table_name,table_owner from user_indexes;

INDEX_NAME                     INDEX_TYPE                  TABLE_NAME                     TABLE_OWNER
------------------------------ --------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
UNIQUE_INDEX_SALGRADE          NORMAL                      AMY_SALGRADE                   RHYS
EMPNO_INDEX                    FUNCTION-BASED NORMAL       AMY_EMP                        RHYS
BITMAP_EMP                     BITMAP                      AMY_EMP                        RHYS
FUNCTION_INDEX                 FUNCTION-BASED NORMAL       AMY_EMP                        RHYS
REVERSE_INDEX                  NORMAL/REV                  AMY_DEPT                       RHYS
INDEX_BONNUS                   NORMAL                      AMY_BONUS                      RHYS

6 rows selected.

SQL> alter index empno_index coalesce deallocate unused;

Index altered.

SQL> alter index empno_index rebuild;

Index altered.

SQL> alter index empno_index monitoring usage;

Index altered.

SQL> select * from v$object_usage;

INDEX_NAME                     TABLE_NAME                     MON USE START_MONITORING    END_MONITORING
------------------------------ ------------------------------ --- --- ------------------- -------------------
EMPNO_INDEX                    AMY_EMP                        YES NO  09/15/2013 22:13:02

SQL> alter index empno_index nomonitoring usage;

Index altered.

SQL> select * from v$object_usage;

INDEX_NAME                     TABLE_NAME                     MON USE START_MONITORING    END_MONITORING
------------------------------ ------------------------------ --- --- ------------------- -------------------
EMPNO_INDEX                    AMY_EMP                        NO  NO  09/15/2013 22:13:02 09/15/2013 22:13:39

 

 

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