Implementing operator<() for strict weak ordering

http://musingstudio.com/2013/02/25/implementing-operator-for-strict-weak-ordering/

Implementing operator<() for strict weak ordering

The latest edition of Overload Magazine (a publication by the ACCU) includes a recipe for implementing operator<, as is often required when you want store some class in an STL associative container.

bool operator<( const T& rhs ) const
{
if ( a != rhs.a ) return a < rhs.a;
if ( b != rhs.b) return b < rhs.b;
...
return false;
}

This assumes that operator!= exists on that class and in my view muddies the waters between equivalence (the property you test in a std::set or std::map with operator<) and equality (the test in std::vector or std::list with operator==). Of course, if operator== exists, you can easily amend the recipe accordingly, but again neither operator== nor operator!= have default implementations so may not be provided.

Where necessary, you can fall back onto this more verbose recipe:

bool operator <(const T& rhs) const
{
  if ( a < rhs.a )
    return true;
  else if (rhs.a < a)
    return false;

  if ( b < rhs.b)
    return true;
  else if (rhs.b < b)
    return false;

  // repeat for all child elements c, d, e etc
  return false;
}