内核编译过程中的常用环境变量

$(Q)

主Makefile：

ifeq ("$(origin V)", "command line")

  KBUILD_VERBOSE = $(V)

endif

ifndef KBUILD_VERBOSE

  KBUILD_VERBOSE = 0

endif



ifeq ($(KBUILD_VERBOSE),1)

  quiet =

  Q =

else

  quiet=quiet_

  Q = @

endif

所以这里的Q代表着是否为quiet静默编译，需要在make编译时通过传入V=1来指定。

.PHONY

伪目标

PHONY += FORCE
FORCE:

# Declare the contents of the .PHONY variable as phony.  We keep that
# information in a variable so we can use it in if_changed and friends.
.PHONY: $(PHONY)

目录定义

首先在主Makefile：

 objtree     := .

 src     := $(srctree)

 obj     := $(objtree)

 

 VPATH       := $(srctree)$(if $(KBUILD_EXTMOD),:$(KBUILD_EXTMOD))

 

 export srctree objtree VPATH

主Makefile中定义了对应的一些环境变量，并且会export srctree/objtree，这两个环境变量在整个内核编译过程中是不变的，而需要特别注意的是#(obj)这个环境变量，

他会在各个子目录的编译过程中发生改变。变化的过程如下所示：

scripts/Kbuild.include:

###

# Shorthand for $(Q)$(MAKE) -f scripts/Makefile.build obj=

# Usage:

# $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=dir

build := -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.build obj



###

# Shorthand for $(Q)$(MAKE) -f scripts/Makefile.modbuiltin obj=

# Usage:

# $(Q)$(MAKE) $(modbuiltin)=dir

modbuiltin := -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modbuiltin obj



###

# Shorthand for $(Q)$(MAKE) -f scripts/Makefile.dtbinst obj=

# Usage:

# $(Q)$(MAKE) $(dtbinst)=dir

dtbinst := -f $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),$(srctree)/)scripts/Makefile.dtbinst obj



###

# Shorthand for $(Q)$(MAKE) -f scripts/Makefile.clean obj=

# Usage:

# $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=dir

clean := -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.clean obj



###

# Shorthand for $(Q)$(MAKE) -f scripts/Makefile.headersinst obj=

# Usage:

# $(Q)$(MAKE) $(hdr-inst)=dir

hdr-inst := -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.headersinst obj

在kbuild.include中定义了一系列的Makefile环境变量，并且里面都包含有obj的字样，也就是说在后面的Makefile中会传入对应的obj=xxx的环境变量给各个子目录的编译过程。

比如在主Makefile中的一个例子：

 %.s: %.c prepare scripts FORCE

     $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(target-dir)$(notdir $@)

 %.i: %.c prepare scripts FORCE

     $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(target-dir)$(notdir $@)

 %.o: %.c prepare scripts FORCE

     $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(target-dir)$(notdir $@)

 %.lst: %.c prepare scripts FORCE

     $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(target-dir)$(notdir $@)

 %.s: %.S prepare scripts FORCE

     $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(target-dir)$(notdir $@)

 %.o: %.S prepare scripts FORCE

     $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(target-dir)$(notdir $@)

 %.symtypes: %.c prepare scripts FORCE

     $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(target-dir)$(notdir $@)

 %.ll: %.c prepare scripts FORCE

     $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(build-dir) $(target-dir)$(notdir $@)

这里会调用$(build)=$(build-dir)这样就等于把$(obj)的值更新到各个子模块的编译流程中了。