Linux 修改时区

方法1：使用tzselect设置时区
a 查看当前时区：date -R 系统目前时区是东八区

[root@localhost ~]# date -R
Thu, 17 Nov 2016 23:27:24 +0800

b 将时区设置成纽约时间 tzselect =>2(Americas)=> 49(United States) =>1(Eastern Time)，选定纽约时间，再选择1 确认

[root@localhost ~]# tzselect
Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly.
Please select a continent or ocean.
 1) Africa
 2) Americas
 3) Antarctica
 4) Arctic Ocean
 5) Asia
 6) Atlantic Ocean
 7) Australia
 8) Europe
 9) Indian Ocean
10) Pacific Ocean
11) none - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format.
#? 2
Please select a country.
 1) Anguilla             28) Haiti
 2) Antigua & Barbuda        29) Honduras
 3) Argentina            30) Jamaica
 4) Aruba            31) Martinique
 5) Bahamas          32) Mexico
 6) Barbados             33) Montserrat
 7) Belize           34) Nicaragua
 8) Bolivia          35) Panama
 9) Brazil           36) Paraguay
10) Canada           37) Peru
11) Caribbean Netherlands    38) Puerto Rico
12) Cayman Islands       39) St Barthelemy
13) Chile            40) St Kitts & Nevis
14) Colombia             41) St Lucia
15) Costa Rica           42) St Maarten (Dutch part)
16) Cuba             43) St Martin (French part)
17) Curacao          44) St Pierre & Miquelon
18) Dominica             45) St Vincent
19) Dominican Republic       46) Suriname
20) Ecuador          47) Trinidad & Tobago
21) El Salvador          48) Turks & Caicos Is
22) French Guiana        49) United States
23) Greenland            50) Uruguay
24) Grenada          51) Venezuela
25) Guadeloupe           52) Virgin Islands (UK)
26) Guatemala            53) Virgin Islands (US)
27) Guyana
#? 49
Please select one of the following time zone regions.
 1) Eastern Time
 2) Eastern Time - Michigan - most locations
 3) Eastern Time - Kentucky - Louisville area
 4) Eastern Time - Kentucky - Wayne County
 5) Eastern Time - Indiana - most locations
 6) Eastern Time - Indiana - Daviess, Dubois, Knox & Martin Counties
 7) Eastern Time - Indiana - Pulaski County
 8) Eastern Time - Indiana - Crawford County
 9) Eastern Time - Indiana - Pike County
10) Eastern Time - Indiana - Switzerland County
11) Central Time
12) Central Time - Indiana - Perry County
13) Central Time - Indiana - Starke County
14) Central Time - Michigan - Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron & Menominee Counties
15) Central Time - North Dakota - Oliver County
16) Central Time - North Dakota - Morton County (except Mandan area)
17) Central Time - North Dakota - Mercer County
18) Mountain Time
19) Mountain Time - south Idaho & east Oregon
20) Mountain Standard Time - Arizona (except Navajo)
21) Pacific Time
22) Alaska Time
23) Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle
24) Alaska Time - southeast Alaska panhandle
25) Alaska Time - Alaska panhandle neck
26) Alaska Time - west Alaska
27) Aleutian Islands
28) Metlakatla Time - Annette Island
29) Hawaii
#? 1

The following information has been given:

    United States
    Eastern Time

Therefore TZ='America/New_York' will be used.
Local time is now:  Thu Nov 17 10:29:55 EST 2016.
Universal Time is now:  Thu Nov 17 15:29:55 UTC 2016.
Is the above information OK?
1) Yes
2) No
#? 1

You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
    TZ='America/New_York'; export TZ
to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.

Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you
can use the /usr/bin/tzselect command in shell scripts:
America/New_York

c date -R 查看显示 当前时区是 东八区，修改并没有生效。
再执行 TZ=’America/New_York’; export TZ
执行 date -R 显示目前是 西五区,修改生效

[root@localhost ~]# date -R
Thu, 17 Nov 2016 23:30:06 +0800
[root@localhost ~]# TZ='America/New_York'; export TZ
[root@localhost ~]# date -R
Thu, 17 Nov 2016 10:30:53 -0500

d 要想在下次开机时修改仍然有效，将 TZ=’America/New_York’; export TZ 添加到 .profile中，然后退出并重新登录

You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
    TZ='America/New_York'; export TZ
to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.

2 通过修改配置文件修改时区

``
[root@localhost ~]# date -R
Fri, 18 Nov 2016 00:30:46 +0800
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Los_Angeles /etc/localtime
cp: overwrite/etc/localtime’? y
[root@localhost ~]# date -R
Thu, 17 Nov 2016 08:31:02 -0800