MFC基本操作【备忘】

一、 加载图标ICO资源

HICON m_hIcon = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME); // 加载图标

二、 程序运行过程中设置图标

SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);         // Set big icon
SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);        // Set small icon

三、 获取屏幕像素

int     nWidth=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);  //屏幕宽度    
int     nHeight=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN); //屏幕高度

四、 设置窗口形状

在初始化函数OnInitDialog()

CRect rct;
GetClientRect(&rct);
CRgn hRgn;
hRgn.CreateRoundRectRgn(20,20,rct.Width()-10,rct.Height()-10,20,20);
SetWindowRgn(hRgn,true);//设置窗口形状

五、 创建自定义字体并输出文字

CDC *pDC =GetDC();
CFont m_font;
//m_font.CreateFont(60,40,0,900,        4,
    ///0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"Times New Roman");
VERIFY(m_font.CreateFont(
    48,                        // nHeight
    36,                         // nWidth
    3300,                         // nEscapement,倾角为330°
    0,                         // nOrientation
    FW_HEAVY,                 // nWeight
    FALSE,                     // bItalic
    FALSE,                     // bUnderline
    0,                         // cStrikeOut
    ANSI_CHARSET,              // nCharSet
    OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS,        // nOutPrecision
    CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS,       // nClipPrecision
    DEFAULT_QUALITY,           // nQuality
    DEFAULT_PITCH | FF_SWISS,  // nPitchAndFamily
  _T("Times New Roman")));                 // lpszFacename

CFont* def_font = pDC->SelectObject(&m_font);
//pDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);
pDC->SetTextColor(RGB(0,161,255));//设置文本颜色
pDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);//设置文本背景为透明
pDC->TextOut(223,223,"扭矩nm");//输出文字

六、 设置窗口背景颜色

BOOL CYuApp::InitInstance()
{
    AfxEnableControlContainer(); 
    // Standard initialization
    // If you are not using these features and wish to reduce the size
    //  of your final executable, you should remove from the following
    //  the specific initialization routines you do not need.

ifdef _AFXDLL
    Enable3dControls();         // Call this when using MFC in a shared DLL
else
    Enable3dControlsStatic();   // Call this when linking to MFC statically
endif
SetDialogBkColor(RGB(0,0,0),RGB(0,161,234));//设置背景颜色
    CYuDlg dlg;
    m_pMainWnd = &dlg;
    int nResponse = dlg.DoModal();
    if (nResponse == IDOK)
    {
        // TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
        //  dismissed with OK
    }
    else if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)
    {
        // TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
        //  dismissed with Cancel
    }

    // Since the dialog has been closed, return FALSE so that we exit the
    //  application, rather than start the application's message pump.
    return FALSE;
}

七、 字节对齐
在操作系统中存在字节对齐现象，比如32为操作系统的单位为32位，即四字节。
对于一个数据到底占据了多少内存空间可以用以下函数

####define _INTSIZEOF(n)   ( (sizeof(n) + sizeof(int) - 1) & ~(sizeof(int) - 1) )
_INTSIZEOF(char) =4;
_INTSIZEOF(unsigned char) =4;
_INTSIZEOF(short) =4;
_INTSIZEOF(unsigned short) =4;
_INTSIZEOF(int) =4;
_INTSIZEOF(unsigned int) =4;
_INTSIZEOF(long) =4;
_INTSIZEOF(unsigned long) =4;

_INTSIZEOF(__int64) =8;
_INTSIZEOF(unsigned __int64) =8;
_INTSIZEOF(float) =4;
_INTSIZEOF(double) =8;

八、 如何获取当前应用程序完整路径名字

char        exeFullPath[128]; // MAX_PATH在API中定义了吧，好象是      128
GetModuleFileName(NULL,exeFullPath,MAX_PATH);
printf("\r\n[%s]\r\n",exeFullPath);//
printf("\r\n[%s]\r\n",argv[0]);//main函数传入的第一个参数，应用程序的名称