第3章 SSM 整合开发
SSM
编程,即
SpringMVC + Spring + MyBatis
整合,是当前最为流行的
JavaEE
开发技术架
构。其实
SSM
整合的实质,仅仅就是将
MyBatis
整合入
Spring
。因为
SpringMVC
原本就是
Spring 的一部分,不用专门整合。
SSM
整合的实现方式可分为两种:基于
XML
配置方式,基于注解方式。
3.1 搭建 SSM 开发环境
3.1.1 maven pom.xml
<dependencies>
<!--单元测试的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--servlet的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- jsp依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1-b03</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--springmvc的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--事物的spring-tx-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
插件:
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory><!--所在的目录-->
<includes><!--包括目录下的.properties,.xml 文件都会扫描到-->
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
3.1.2 配置 web.xml
(1) 配置中央调度器(注册DispatcherServlet目的:1.创建springmvc容器对象,才能创建Controller对象。2.创建的是servlet,才能接受用户的请求。)
配置中央调度器时需要注意,
SpringMVC
的配置文件名与其它
Spring
配置文件名不相同。
这样做的目的是
Spring
容器创建管理
Spring
配置文件中的
bean
,
SpringMVC
容器中负责视
图层
bean
的初始。
<!--注册中央调度器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>myweb</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:conf/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>myweb</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
(2
)
注册
ContextLoaderListener
监听器
<!--注册spring的监听器-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:conf/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
注册
ServletContext
监听器的实现类
ContextLoaderListener
,用于创建
Spring
容器及将创
建好的
Spring
容器对象放入到
ServletContext
的作用域中。
(3
) 注册字符集过滤器
<!--注册字符集过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
注册字符集过滤器,用于解决请求参数中携带中文时产生乱码问题。
3.2 SSM 整合注解开发
项目:
ssm
需求:完成学生注册和信息浏览。
3.2.1
建表
Student
使用 Student 表
3.2.2
新建
Web
工程
工程名称
ssm
3.2.3 maven
依赖和插件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zsz</groupId>
<artifactId>ch07-ssm</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--单元测试的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--servlet的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- jsp依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1-b03</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--springmvc的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--事物的spring-tx-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory><!--所在的目录-->
<includes><!--包括目录下的.properties,.xml 文件都会扫描到-->
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.2.4 定义包,组织程序的结构。
3.2.5
定义
web.xml
1)注册 DisatcherServlet
2)注册 ContextLoaderListener
3)注册字符集过滤器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--注册中央调度器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>myweb</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:conf/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>myweb</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--注册spring的监听器-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:conf/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--注册字符集过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
3.2.6
编写配置文件
Springmvc
配置文件:dispatcherServlet
.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--springmvc的配置文件,用来声明controller和其他web相关的对象-->
<!--组件扫描器-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zsz.controller"/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--注解驱动
1.相应ajax请求,返回json。
2.解决静态资源访问问题。
-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
Spring
配置文件
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--spring的配置文件:声明service,dao,工具类等对象-->
<!--声明数据库配置文件位置-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/jdbc.properties"/>
<!--声明数据源,连接数据库(阿里的数据库连接池)-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--SqlSessionFactoryBean创建SqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:conf/mybatis.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--声明mybatis的扫描器,创建dao对象-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<property name="basePackage" value="com.zsz.dao"/>
</bean>
<!--声明service的注解@Service所在的包名位置-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zsz.service"/>
<!--事物配置:注解的配置,aspectj的配置-->
</beans>
Jdbc
属性配置文件
jdbc.properties
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springdb
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123
mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--<!–mybatis.xml 文件加入日志配置,可以在控制台输出执行的 sql 语句和参数–>-->
<!--<settings>-->
<!--<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>-->
<!--</settings>-->
<!--设置别名-->
<typeAliases>
<!--name:实体类所在的包名-->
<package name="com.zsz.domain"/>
</typeAliases>
<!--
mappers:指定sql mapper(sql映射文件)的位置
-->
<mappers>
<!--
name:是包名,这个包中的所有mapper.xml文件一次都能加载
如果使用package标签那么StudentDao接口和StudentDao.xml命名必须完全一样。
-->
<package name="com.zsz.dao"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
<!--
mybatis的主配置文件:主要定义了数据库的配置信息,sql映射文件的位置
1.约束文件
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
mybatis-3-config.dtd 约束文件的名称
2.<configuration> 根标签
-->
3.2.7
实体类
Student
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
3.2.8
Dao
接口和
sql
映射文件
接口
package com.zsz.dao;
import com.zsz.domain.Student;
import java.util.List;
public interface StudentDao {
int insertStudet(Student student);
List<Student> selectStudent ();
}
mapper文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zsz.dao.StudentDao">
<select id="selectStudent" resultType="Student">
select id,name,age from student order by id desc
</select>
<insert id="insertStudet">
insert into student(name, age) values(#{name},#{age})
</insert>
</mapper>
3.2.9 Service
接口和实现类
Service
接口
package com.zsz.service;
import com.zsz.domain.Student;
import java.util.List;
public interface StudentService {
int addStudent(Student student);
List<Student> findStudent();
}
Service
实现类
package com.zsz.service.impl;
import com.zsz.dao.StudentDao;
import com.zsz.domain.Student;
import com.zsz.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
//引用类型的自动注入@Autowired,@Resource
@Resource
private StudentDao studentDao;
@Override
public int addStudent(Student student) {
int nums= studentDao.insertStudet(student);
return nums;
}
@Override
public List<Student> findStudent() {
return studentDao.selectStudent();
}
}
3.2.10
处理器定义
StuentController.java
package com.zsz.controller;
import com.zsz.domain.Student;
import com.zsz.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class StudentController {
@Resource//@Autowired也行
private StudentService service;
//注册学生
@RequestMapping("/addStudent.do")
public ModelAndView addStudent(Student student){
//model:数据 view:视图(页面)
ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
String tips="注册失败";
//调用service处理student
int nums=service.addStudent(student);
if (nums > 0){
//注册成功
tips="学生【"+student.getName()+"】注册成功";
}
//添加数据
mv.addObject("tips",tips);
//指定结果页面
mv.setViewName("result");
return mv;
}
//处理查询
@RequestMapping("/queryStudent.do")
@ResponseBody
public List<Student> queryStudent(){
//参数检查
List<Student> students= service.findStudent();
return students;
}
}
3.2.11
定义视图
-
首页文件
--- index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" +
request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() +
request.getContextPath() + "/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<title>功能入口</title>
<base href="<%=basePath%>"/>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<p>SSM整合的例子</p>
<img src="images/ssm.jpg">
<table>
<tr>
<td><a href="addStudent.jsp">注册学生</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="listStudent.jsp">浏览学生</a> </td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
3.2.12
注册学生页面
--- addStudent.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" +
request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() +
request.getContextPath() + "/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<title>注册学生</title>
<base href="<%=basePath%>" />
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<form action="student/addStudent.do" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>姓名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>年龄:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="age"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td><input type="submit" value="注册"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
3.2.13
浏览学生页面
--- listStudent.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" +
request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() +
request.getContextPath() + "/";
%>
<html>
<head>
<title>查询学生ajax</title>
<base href="<%=basePath%>"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.4.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function () {
//在当前页面dom对象加载后,执行loadStudentData()
loadStudentData();
$("#btnLoader").click(function () {
loadStudentData();
})
})
function loadStudentData() {
$.ajax({
url:"student/queryStudent.do",
type:"get",
dataType:"json",
success:function (data) {
//清除旧的数据
$("#info").html("");
// 增加新的数据
$.each(data,function (i,n) {
$("#info").append("<tr>")
.append("<td>"+n.id+"</td>")
.append("<td>"+n.name+"</td>")
.append("<td>"+n.age+"</td>")
.append("</tr>")
})
}
})
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<td>学号</td>
<td>姓名</td>
<td>年龄</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody id="info">
</tbody>
</table>
<input type="button" id="btnLoader" value="查询数据">
</div>
</body>
</html>
3.2.14 result.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
result.jsp结果页面,注册结果:${tips}
</body>
</html>
这个必会!!!
这个必会!!!
这个必会!!!
(重要的事情说三遍)