对lvm格式的已有磁盘进行扩容,非新增磁盘

场景:对/dev/vdb 扩容,原大小:150G,扩容后大小:500G
/dev/vdb 进行lvm逻辑卷管理,挂载在/data 目录下

通过lsblk -f 可以看到 vg–data-lv–data 属于 vdb

这里磁盘vdb没有进行分区，有的情况下可能对vdb进行了分区，这里就会显示如下：

fdisk -l 可以看到/dev/vdb 已经变为500G

此时仅仅是磁盘大小发生了变化,LVM逻辑卷大小并没有变,我们需要将磁盘空间分配到逻辑卷里面

对/dev/vdb进行整盘扩容

[root@localhost root]# pvresize /dev/vdb
Physical volume “/dev/vdb” changed
1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized

pvresize 重设pv大小后,vg 大小也会随之调整,接下来直接扩展lv 就可以了

[root@localhost root]# pvs
  PV         VG      Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree  
  /dev/vdb   vg-data lvm2 a--  <500.00g 350.00g

[root@localhost root]# vgs
  VG      #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize    VFree  
  vg-data   1   1   0 wz--n- <500.00g 350.00g
  
[root@localhost root]# lvs
  LV      VG      Attr       LSize    Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv-data vg-data -wi-ao---- <150.00g


[root@localhost root]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/vg--data-lv--data
  Size of logical volume vg-data/lv-data changed from 350.00 GiB (89600 extents) to <500.00 GiB (127999 extents).
  Logical volume vg-data/lv-data successfully resized.


[root@localhost root]# lvs
  LV      VG      Attr       LSize    Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv-data vg-data -wi-ao---- <500.00g   

报错

[root@localhost root]# lvextend -l 100%FREE /dev/mapper/vg--data-lv--data
 New size given (38399 extents) not larger than existing size (89600 extents)

原因:
使用以上命令调整逻辑卷的大小时，尝试将其调整为可用扩展盘区的数量，而不是当前大小加上可用扩展盘区的数量
解决:
使用X％FREE前面的+符号表示应将空格添加到当前大小

lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/volgroup/logvol

/dev/vdb分区扩容

如果是对/dev/vdb进行了分区vdb1…，操作如下，否则跳过本步骤

[root@localhost data]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xff1f5f9b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048   209715199   104856576   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):  #回车
First sector (209715200-419430399, default 209715200): #回车
Using default value 209715200
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (209715200-419430399, default 419430399): #回车
Using default value 419430399
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xff1f5f9b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048   209715199   104856576   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/vdb2       209715200   419430399   104857600   83  Linux

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2):  #回车
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xff1f5f9b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048   209715199   104856576   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/vdb2       209715200   419430399   104857600   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost root]# partprobe #同步分区表

[root@localhost base]# pvs
  PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree
  /dev/vdb1  data lvm2 a--  <100.00g    0 
[root@localhost base]# pvcreate /dev/vdb2          ##创建PV
  Physical volume "/dev/vdb2" successfully created.
[root@localhost base]# pvs
  PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree  
  /dev/vdb1  data lvm2 a--  <100.00g      0 
  /dev/vdb2       lvm2 ---   100.00g 100.00g
[root@localhost base]# vgs 
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize    VFree
  data   1   1   0 wz--n- <100.00g    0 
[root@localhost base]# vgextend  vg-data /dev/vdb2         ##扩展VG
  Volume group "vg-data" not found
  Cannot process volume group vg-data
[root@localhost base]# vgextend  data /dev/vdb2
  Volume group "data" successfully extended
[root@localhost base]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree   
  data   2   1   0 wz--n- 199.99g <100.00g
[root@localhost base]# lvextend -l  +100%free /dev/mapper/data-data   ##扩展LV
  Size of logical volume data/data changed from <100.00 GiB (25599 extents) to 199.99 GiB (51198 extents).
  Logical volume data/data successfully resized.
[root@localhost base]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  data   2   1   0 wz--n- 199.99g    0 
[root@localhost base]# lvs
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  data data -wi-ao---- 199.99g                                                    
[root@localhost base]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/data-data   ##刷新文件系统
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/data-data is mounted on /data; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 13, new_desc_blocks = 25
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/data-data is now 52426752 blocks long.

[root@localhost base]# 
[root@localhost base]# 
[root@localhost base]# 
[root@localhost base]# df -h
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs               1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                  1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                  1.9G  516K  1.9G   1% /run
tmpfs                  1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1               50G   43G  4.0G  92% /
/dev/mapper/data-data  197G   93G   95G  50% /data