Hessian是一个轻量级的remoting on http工具,采用的是Binary RPC协议,,因为采用的是二进制协议,所以它很适合于发送二进制数据,同时又具有防火墙穿透能力。Hessian一般是通过Web应用来提供服务,因此非常类似于平时我们用的WebService。只是它不使用SOAP协议,但相比webservice而言更简单、快捷。
Hessian官网:http://hessian.caucho.com/
Hessian可通过Servlet提供远程服务,需要将匹配某个模式的请求映射到Hessian服务。也可Spring框架整合,通过它的DispatcherServlet可以完成该功能,DispatcherServlet可将匹配模式的请求转发到Hessian服务。Hessian的server端提供一个servlet基类, 用来处理发送的请求,而Hessian的这个远程过程调用,完全使用动态代理来实现的,,建议采用面向接口编程,Hessian服务通过接口暴露。
Hessian处理过程示意图:
客户端——>序列化写到输出流——>远程方法(服务器端)——>序列化写到输出流 ——>客户端读取输入流——>输出结果
下面详细介绍最常用的两种方式实现Hessian提供webservice:
纯Hessian实现
配合Spring框架实现
在开始之前当然需要到官网上下载相关的lib包,放入项目的/WEB-INF/lib/下
【一】、纯Hessian实现步骤:
1.基本代码
首先编写一个服务的接口类:HelloHessian.java
Java代码
package roger.hessian;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author roger
*
*/
public interface HelloHessian {
String sayHello();
MyCar getMyCar();
List myLoveFruit();
Map myBabays();
}
一个java bean文件MyCar.java:
Java代码
package roger.hessian;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* @author michael
*
*/
public class MyCar implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 4736905401908455439L;
private String carName;
private String carModel;
/**
* @return the carName
*/
public String getCarName() {
return carName;
}
/**
* @return the carModel
*/
public String getCarModel() {
return carModel;
}
/**
* @param pCarName the carName to set
*/
public void setCarName(String pCarName) {
carName = pCarName;
}
/**
* @param pCarModel the carModel to set
*/
public void setCarModel(String pCarModel) {
carModel = pCarModel;
}
/**
* @see java.lang.Object#toString()
* @return
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
return "my car name:[" + this.carName + "] model:[" + this.carModel
+ "].";
}
}
注:hessian要进行序列化的类必须要继承jdk的序列化接口Serializable
服务端接口的实现类:HelloHessianImpl.java
Java代码
package roger.hessian.impl;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import roger.hessian.HelloHessian;
import roger.hessian.MyCar;
/**
* @author roger
*
*/
public class HelloHessianImpl extends HessianServlet implements HelloHessian {
public MyCar getMyCar() {
MyCar car = new MyCar();
car.setCarName("阿斯顿·马丁");
car.setCarModel("One-77");
return car;
}
public Map myBabays() {
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("son", "孙吴空");
map.put("daughter", "孙小美");
return map;
}
public List myLoveFruit() {
List list = new ArrayList();
list.add("apple");
list.add("kiwi");
list.add("orange");
return list;
}
public String sayHello() {
return "welcom to Hessian";
}
}
2.配置文件web.xml修改
在web.xml配置文件里增加如下信息:
Xml代码
<servlet>
<servlet-name>HelloHessianservlet-name>
<servlet-class>
com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServlet
servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>home-classparam-name>
<param-value>roger.hessian.impl.HelloHessianImplparam-value>
init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>home-apiparam-name>
<param-value>roger.hessian.HelloHessianparam-value>
init-param>
<load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>HelloHessianservlet-name>
<url-pattern>/HessianServiceurl-pattern>
servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
3.java客户端验证
Java代码
package roger.hessian.client;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.util.Map;
import roger.hessian.HelloHessian;
import roger.hessian.MyCar;
import com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
/**
* @author michael
*
*/
public class HessianClientTest {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url = "http://localhost:8080/html5test/HessianService";
HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory();
try {
HelloHessian hello = (HelloHessian) factory.create(
HelloHessian.class, url);
System.out.println(hello.sayHello());
MyCar car = hello.getMyCar();
System.out.println(car.toString());
for (Map.Entry entry : hello.myBabays().entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " " + entry.getValue());
}
for (String str : hello.myLoveFruit()) {
System.out.println(str);
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
注:如果验证的项目和hessian项目是两个单独的项目,那么将hessian服务项目中的重要代码提出并打成jar包提供给验证调用项目
运行结果如下:
Java代码
welcom to Hessian
my car name:[阿斯顿·马丁] model:[One-77].
daughter 孙小美
son 孙吴空
apple
kiwi
orange
【二】、spring+hessian 实现服务端:
1.基本代码见上面的demo
2.修改配置文件
在web.xml,增加内容如下:
Xml代码
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springhessian</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<bean name="/helloHessianService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">
<property name="service" ref="helloHessianImpl" />
<property name="serviceInterface" value="michael.hessian.HelloHessian" />
</bean>
</beans>
3.java客户端验证
和上面的例子相似,只需要把访问的url替换成新的即可如下:
Java代码
String url=http://localhost:8082/html5test/springhessian/helloHessianService
运行结果和上面例子一样。
4.spring配置客户端
增加一个spring的bean配置文件hessian-client.xml
Xml代码
<xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans>
<bean id="helloHessianClient" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="serviceUrl">
<value>
http://localhost:8080/html5test/springhessian/helloHessianService
</value>
</property>
<property name="serviceInterface" value="roger.hessian.HelloHessian" />
</bean>
</beans>
测试代码HessianSpringClient.java:
Java代码
package michael.hessian.client;
import java.util.Map;
import roger.hessian.HelloHessian;
import roger.hessian.MyCar;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* @author michael
*
*/
public class HessianSpringClient {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"hessian-client.xml");
HelloHessian hello = (HelloHessian) context
.getBean("helloHessianClient");
System.out.println(hello.sayHello());
MyCar car = hello.getMyCar();
System.out.println(car.toString());
for (Map.Entry entry : hello.myBabays().entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " " + entry.getValue());
}
for (String str : hello.myLoveFruit()) {
System.out.println(str);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
运行结果和上面完全一致。
注:spring有不兼容hessian的情况,重新下载hessian-3.1.6.jar导入项目