Problem Description
You are given N baskets of gold coins. The baskets are numbered from 1 to N. In all except one of
the baskets, each gold coin weighs w grams. In the one exceptional basket, each gold coin weighs
w-d grams. A wizard appears on the scene and takes 1 coin from Basket 1, 2 coins from Basket 2,
and so on, up to and including N-1 coins from Basket N-1. He does not take any coins from
Basket N. He weighs the selected coins and concludes which of the N baskets contains the lighter
coins. Your mission is to emulate the wizard's computation.
Input
The input file will consist of one or more lines; each line will contain data for one instance of the
problem. More specifically, each line will contain four positive integers, separated by one blank
space. The first three integers are, respectively, the numbers N, w, and d, as described above. The
fourth integer is the result of weighing the selected coins.
N will be at least 2 and not more than 8000. The value of w will be at most 30. The value of d will
be less than w.
Output
For each instance of the problem, your program will produce one line of output, consisting of one
positive integer: the number of the basket that contains lighter coins than the other baskets.
Sample Input
10 25 8 1109
10 25 8 1045
8000 30 12 959879400
Sample Output
2
10
50
#include <iostream>
int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
int n = 0, w = 0, d = 0, result = 0;
while (std::cin >> n >> w >> d >> result)
{
int nTemp = (((n-1)*n/2)*w - result)/d;
if (nTemp == 0)
{
std::cout << n << std::endl;
}
else
{
std::cout << nTemp << std::endl;
}
}
return 0;
}